The M1 Garand or M1 rifle[nb 1] is a semi-automatic rifle that was the service rifle of the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War. U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, M1 M1 Garand rifle from the collection of the Swedish Army Museum, Stockholm Type Semi-automatic rifle Place of origin United States Service history In service 1936-1957 (as the standard U.S. service rifle)[1] 1940s-present (other countries) Used by See Users Wars World War II Chinese Civil War Indonesian National Revolution Korean War 1948 Arab-Israeli War Hukbalahap Rebellion[2] Indo-Pakistani Wars First Indochina War Algerian War[3] Suez Crisis Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 1958 Lebanon crisis Cuban Revolution[4] Bay of Pigs Invasion[5] Vietnam War Laotian Civil War 1964 Ethiopian-Somali Border War Dominican Civil War[6] Six-Day War[7] Football War Cambodian Civil War Black September[8] Sandinista Revolution Angolan Civil War Lebanese Civil War Iran-Iraq War War in Afghanistan First Liberian Civil War Gulf War The Troubles[9] Operation Uphold Democracy Iraq War Syrian civil war Production history Designer John C. Garand Designed 1928 Manufacturer Springfield Armory Winchester Harrington & Richardson International Harvester Beretta Breda[10] F.M.A.P. Springfield Armory, Inc. (civilian) McCann Industries (civilian) Unit cost About $85 (during World War II) (equivalent to $1,500 in 2023) Produced 1934-1957 No. built 5,468,772[11] Variants See Variants Specifications Mass 9.5 lb (4.31 kg) to 11.6 lb (5.3 kg) Length 43.5 in (1,100 mm) Barrel length 24 in (609.6 mm) Cartridge .30-06 Springfield 7.62×51mm NATO Action Gas-operated, closed rotating bolt Rate of fire 40-50 rounds/min Muzzle velocity 2,800 ft/s (853 m/s) Effective firing range 500 yd (457 m)[12] Feed system 8-round en bloc clip, internal box magazine[13] Sights Rear: adjustable aperture Front: wing protected post The rifle is chambered for the .30-06 Springfield cartridge and is named after its Canadian-American designer, John Garand. It was the first standard-issue autoloading rifle for the United States.[14] By most accounts, the M1 rifle performed well. General George S. Patton called it "the greatest battle implement ever devised".[15][16] The M1 replaced the bolt-action M1903 Springfield as the U.S. service rifle in 1936,[17] and was itself replaced by the selective-fire M14 rifle on March 26, 1958.
