The EfD Initiative (EfD) is an international network of environmental economics think tanks. We build domestic centers of excellence in research, policy interaction and academic training with a focus on environmental issues and poverty alleviation in the developing world. EfD was established in 2007 and consists so far of twelve centers throughout the world.
This is so brilliant and encouraging that Jamaica is taking this on. PES, has definitely shown positive impacts in places such as Mexico and some South American Countries.
I had not looked at the effects of climate change using this lens. This sheds a lot of light on the subject and makes me look back and see sense in what I experienced when growing up and studying in my primary school. This study should be replicated in the tropics as sub tropical areas.
Superstition and half-baked theory dominate the atmospheric sciences. Currently meteorological theories on atmospheric flow and storms maintain three superstitious and half-baked notions: 1) Convection. This is the strange belief that evaporation produces air that is buoyant enough to power strong updrafts in the atmosphere (included in this is the strange belief that H2O in the atmosphere becomes gaseous at temperatures/pressures that have never been detected in a laboratory); 2) Dry layer capping. This is a superstition that imagines dry layers having structural properties that explain the how/why convection does not constantly produce storms and uplift; 3) Latent heat. This is the notion that phase changes from a gaseous phase of H2O (which purported to exist despite never having been detected and being inconsistent with what is indicated in the H2O phase table) to a liquid phase releases "latent heat" which itself has never been confirmed/verified. In accordance with which, the current meteorological paradigm assumes hurricanes are caused by warm water. Actually the energy of hurricanes and all storms comes from jet streams and is delivered through vortices in the form of low pressure. Wind shear at low altitudes is the most important predictor of severe weather. This is because wind shear is the mechanism underlying growth of the vortices that are the transport mechanism of the low pressure energy. Warm moist air/water is not the source of the energy of storms, it's the target of vortice growth. The 'Missing Link' of Meteorology's Theory of Storms www.thunderbolts.info/forum/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=16329 James McGinn / Solving Tornadoes
thanks for sharing this useful lecture, it really helps me a lot to understand the environmental policy instruments, and their effects as a result of the implementation to the policy instruments. Again, Thank you.
Martin said that scattering (reflection) was not important for the climate! So what about the albedo effect of the ice sheets, vegetation and aerosols; and the lack of it over the oceans?
