The videos on the channel were created to teach students how to conduct analyses on SPSS - quickly and easily. They also indicate how to report results in accordance to the guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA).
They were created by David Robinson (BSc, MSc, PhD) who has tutored life science students since 2010.
The SPSS for Students guide (available in digital and paperback formats) is available on Amazon: amzn.eu/05fdkSo (digital), amzn.eu/8tiZgZQ (paperback). The guide covers t-tests, ANOVAs, ANCOVAs, MANOVAs, MANCOVAs, simple and multiple linear regression, chi-squared tests of independence, and Pearson correlations.It uses real-world examples that college/university students are able to relate to (e.g., how far can people walk after drinking tequila?) and demonstrates how to report results according to APA guidelines.
Hi, I have a question about the U-value , in the video you only tell where you got it from, but what does it mean? How can I explane where the value comes from? And also a question about the mean rank, my teacher told me to also report that in my outcomes, but I don't know what it means en how I can explane it. Can you help me whit tis?
Hi, thanks for your questions. The U-value measures the difference between the groups’ rank sums. It’s based on comparing each observation from one group with each observation from the other group, counting how often observations from one group are ranked higher than those from the other. Regarding the mean rank, it’s the average of the ranks for each group. Reporting it can help to illustrate which group has higher or lower scores on average.
Thank you so much for this video - the information is just what I need to analyse and report on my experimental survey. It was easy to follow with you showing the different boxes up on the screen at the same time. Thanks
Good morning doctor David Please, can you make a video on: How to read, interpret and write the results of non-linear regression in SPSS?? Thank you Best regards Doctor Sameer
Hi there! Your videos have been so helpful! I have a quick question I am currently analysing data for SD-WISE 7 item scale - I placed my pre and post-intervention scores into Shapiro-Wilk and It comes as normally disturbed (p = .032). Following this I would use a paired sample t-test? Just so confused haha any help would be appreciated :)
Hi, glad the videos have been helpful! If the p value for the Shapiro-Wilk test is below .05 (e.g., .032), it suggests that the data are not normally distributed. If you find that the variable representing the differences between the pre and post scores is not normally distributed, you could consider doing a non-parametric test instead (e.g., a Wilcoxon test).
Thank you for this. I have ran the test but I am confused how to interpret the results. I am comparing anxiety scores for parents of autistic and neurotypical children. The three groups in the study are : Mums of autistic children, mums of neurotypical children, and dads of neurotypical children (no dads of autistic children were able to be recruited). I have found a statistically significant difference between mums of autistic children and mums of neurotypical children. But what does not make sense to me, is that if there is no difference between Mums of neurotypical children and Dads of neuorotypical children, then surely there should be a significant difference between Dads of neuortypical children and Mums of autistic children, yet this was found to not be significant. Can my sample size influence this? I had much much fewer Dads take part than mums?
Hi Gemma, thanks for your question. It might relate to the size of the differences. For example, anxiety could be much higher in mums of autistic children than in mums of non-autistic children (hence the significant difference), and it could be only slightly higher in dads of non-autistic children compared to mums of non-autistic children (hence the non-significant difference). In this case, the difference between anxiety in mums of autistic children and dads of non-autistic children would be smaller than the difference between anxiety in mums of autistic children and mums of non-autistic children, which could explain why the differences between these pairs were significant and non-significant, respectively. You would have to look at, e.g., the medians to see whether this is a possible explanation. If not, yes, as you suggest, it could just be that the test has less statistical power when focused on the dads as there are fewer of them.
@@DavidRobinsonPhD Thank you so much this does confirm what I was thinking. Median anxiety for female caregivers of autistic childre n= 32.5, 11.25 = male caregivers of neurotypical children, 7.5= female caregivers of neurotypical children, score out of 100. (higher the number greater the anxiety)
Hi david! (I am the guy from Argentina who greeted you earlier in the video of the logistic regresion). My question is about the following: I have carried out the analysis U of mann whitney, the p value is .002, but when it comes to checking the medians, both groups have the same result, as I interpret that?
Hi Mariano, thanks for your question. There's an explanation of this here: stats.oarc.ucla.edu/other/mult-pkg/faq/general/faq-why-is-the-mann-whitney-significant-when-the-medians-are-equal/
Independent variables: - Treatment group (binary) Dependent variables: - the primary outcome, systolic blood pressure (SBP) (continuous) Covariates: - age- Nominal categorical - sex - categorical - smoker status - categorical - baseline systolic blood pressure- continuous (numerical) In this scenario if I wanna see the association between treatment group and the primary outcome, systolic blood pressure (SBP), keeping other covariates what should I put in the place of model and factor box?
Thank you for your informative video. Could you please suggest the correct method for performing ROC curve analysis when combining multiple parameters using SPSS?
Thank you very much for your good predisposition! Thanks to your recent explanations I was able to finish the results section of my research! Greetings from Cordoba Capital, Argentina.
Thank you for your informative video. Could you please suggest the correct method for performing ROC curve analysis when combining multiple parameters using SPSS?
Hi Dr Robinson - this was fantastic. Thank you for your level of detail. Wondering if you have/will do one of these for moderated logistic regression? I'm writing a thesis and have found limited number of videos on this topic?
Thank you for another brilliant video. My correlation coefficient is 0.042 (looking at caregiver anxiety and their child's age. the p value is 0.584. How write this up as the p value is not siginificant? n = 176.
Hi, thanks for your question! If you're following APA guidelines, while p values below .001 are reported as p < .001, other values are reported as they appear in SPSS. E.g., a value of .584 would be reported as p = .584.
@@user-tl8uv4co3b Yes, something like that would work. However, since making this video, I've realised it might be better to present this type of info a little differently: rs(170) = .042, p = .584. Note that in APA style numbers that can't exceed 1, like correlation coeffecients and p values, don't require a 0 before the decimal point.
I greatly benefited from the APA writing style. There are not many resources for getting an example of how to describe the results in APA format. Thanks a lot!
Sir, I have 3 groups. My data is collected on 5 point Likert scale. Each of my construct is formative (not reflective) in nature, therefore there are different items which form a construct. I want to know significant differences between the three groups on each of the formative items of a construct. Shall i do KW test individually for all the items?
Hi Chef, if the items all measure the same constructs, it would be more common to complete the analysis on a variable that represents the sum or the mean of the items. Regarding your other question, yes, you could do a post-hoc test (e.g., Dunn's test) as the Kruskal-Wallis test just tells you whether there's a significant effect of the IV on the DV, not which specific groups differ significantly from each other.
@@DavidRobinsonPhD As i said, ,y items are formative in nature, it is not a reflective construct, so how can i combine them to a mean score for the analysis?
Hi David, happy to have found your beginner friendly videos that are easy to understand. Im struggling to know if i run cronbachs alpha on the subscales that were created after i computed all the variables for my questionnaires. I know that if a questionnare measures more than one construct that you individually run cronbachs alpha on them but is this the same for subscales within a questionnaire. Thankyou
Does anyone know what to report or what is still relevant when your mdoel is not significant? right now i did it like this: The logistic regression model contained partner strength as dependent variable and SDO as independent variable. The model was not statistically significant X2(1, N = 102) = 0.46, p = .498, indicating that the model was not able to distinguish between the choice for either the stronger or weaker player. The model only explained between 0.5% (Cox and Snell R square) and 1.1% (Nagelkerke R squared) of the variability in the choice of the stronger or weaker player. Results revealed that SDO was not a significant predictor of partner strength W(1) = .456, p = .500. Consequently H3 was not supported. ANd is the Walt mandatory or could i delete that?
Dr, if my pretest results are significant between the control and experimental group... should I run a ancova to control the pretest score and see how the post-test score would be? an independent t-test showed significant difference in the pre test...
Thanks Tracy, glad it helped! Yes, I also have videos on paired (dependent) and unpaired (independent) t-tests: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-2Gij9hzVtf8.html&ab_channel=DavidRobinson%2CPhD ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-PTYLCTNtOdQ.html&ab_channel=DavidRobinson%2CPhD
Hi good day I would like to ask about the interpretation of logistic regression in SPSS, because I did background LR logistic regression and the analysis result provide me some choices on Step 1a, 2a, 3a,4a. Hence, I’m wondering that can I take each step of the value that I want ? Or I only can take the value is in Step 1a while I cannot take the value in step 2a
Yes, often in reports for university classes, the marker will expect to see, e.g., "(Appendix A)" in the results section as well as an actual appendix with the SPSS output so that they can check that you've run the analysis and have interpreted it correctly.