Gemology is the branch of mineralogy and geology that is dedicated to the study, identification, analysis and evaluation of precious stones or gems. A central task of gemology is to make available rigorous methods and procedures that allow gems to be distinguished. natural from their imitations and synthetic versions.

The composition, physical properties, origin and deposits, treatments of various kinds, types of cuts that enhance the beauty of gems, synthetic minerals and characteristics, as well as the properties of these materials that imitate natural gems, are studied. Some of the frequent applications are appraisal and appraisal.

It is, therefore, a scientific discipline that does not cover the esoteric branch which studies the spiritual and therapeutic properties of crystals, stones and gems.