Great informative video 👏🏻 In my native dialect, which is spoken in northern Morocco (including Tangier, Tetouan, Chefchaouen, and the Jeblis...), we have more solar letters because many lunar letters have shifted toward solar letters. Many lunar letters have almost entirely become solar letters in most words, while some have shifted only in specific words or in informal and fast speech. These include the lip letters: (m م), (b ب), (p پ), (v ڤ), and (f ف); the tip of the tongue letters: (dj دج), (j/"zh" ج), and (ch تش); and the back of the tongue letters: (k ك), (g ڭ), and (q ق). These have completely become solar letters in most words in our northern dialect. For example, we say "əb-bāb" or just "b-bāb" instead of "L-bāb" (the door), and "əm-mlāħ" or just "m-mlāħ" instead of "L-məlħa" (the salt). However, there is an exception: we say "L-ma" instead of "m-ma" (the water). We also say "g-gəbs" instead of "L-gəbs" (the gypsum). In my dialect, especially in informal speech, the hamza (ء) seems to be considered a solar letter. For example, we might casually say "i-isəm" (the name). However, due to recent influences from Modern Standard Arabic, the pronunciation has become more lunar, as seen in the use of "L-ism" in more formal settings. This shift towards a lunar pronunciation happens to a lesser extent with the other letters mentioned earlier. Therefore, the hamza might be evolving to hold characteristics of both solar and lunar pronunciations in my dialect. As for the letters (kh خ) and (ħ ح), they are often lunar letters but can sometimes become solar letters in informal and fast speech, especially between sentences and in some words (e.g., "kh-khtilāf" and "ħ-ħtimāl"). Additionally, (gh غ) and (ɛ ع) are lunar letters but can become solar in some northern accents in a few words during informal and fast speech (e.g., "gh-ghtiyāl" and "ɛ-ɛanqōd"). The letter (h ه) can also become a solar letter in rapid, informal speech in very few words (e.g., "h-holandi"). Thus, the letters that remain completely lunar in my dialect are: (w و), (y ي), and almost (h ه). The letters that are not completely lunar are: (kh خ), (ħ ح), (gh غ), and (h ه). The hamza (ء) seems to be in between. The solar letters include those mentioned previously in addition to those known in Classical Arabic : (L ل), (n ن), (t ت), (ţ ط), (đ ض), (d د), (s س), (s̈ ص), (sh ش), (r ر), and (z ز), And all of them are articulated with the tip of the tongue like you explained. However, the following three do not exist in the Moroccan dialect: (dh ذ) = (d د), (đh ظ) = (đ ض), and (th ث) = (t ت).
Wow this is absolutely incredible Something like this has actually happened in my variety of Spanish (Cuban), where /r/ and /l/ when before consonants assimilate, so you have words like "arco" (bow) being pronounced [agko]-I guess it's not too uncommon of a process if it's happening in other places too! That's amazing, thanks for teaching me :)
Hello bro, since you're Moroccan could you do a video about Tamazight if you know anything about it? I love your clear and simple way to explain things
I'm actually not Moroccan! Just know a bit about the area and why Darija as a language came to be. A video on Tmazight sounds awesome though since I love that language so much, but I'd have to look into it and educate myself much more. Sounds fun though, so maybe one day!
i found results of this video on wiki article "sound symbolism", citing an article from 1970. [10] Johansson, Niklas; Zlatev, Jordan (1 January 1970). "Motivations for Sound Symbolism in Spatial Deixis: A Typological Study of 101 Languages". Public Journal of Semiotics. 5 (1): 3-20. doi:10.37693/pjos.2013.5.9668.
I kind of agree with English been related to Arabic but there's also other languages surrounding English and so that can be also a possibility of change like Welch I believe it's Welch they call she > he
Interesting. Could you elaborate on why you think they're related? And if so, how closely? We of course can't throw out the possibility of them distantly being related to the first language(s) ever spoken by humans, but dialects?
This is one of the things I love about linguistics. So many languages have rules that come simply from adjusting to make it less awkward to say something. It’s why French has liaison, Mandarin has you raise the first of two third-tone characters to second-tone, it’s why English has us saying “an” instead of “a” before a vowel sound.
we used to memorize this using "جحا غبي فك مخه وقع" where they're all moon characters, ofc we natives don't have to constantly check which is which, we just learn it when we are younger as a form of theory i would say
ahh nice the same sort of concept exists with latin and it developed almost always because of the pragmatics of speech and how your tongue moves to make the sound more easily.
Can you elaborate on your comment about specialized fonts? I believe all SENĆOŦEN characters can be rendered in many standard fonts with good Unicode coverage such as Arial, Times New Roman, Calibri, etc.
When I first mentioned fonts I was talking about those that were created during Elliott's time, coinciding with the dawn of commercial computers. We have many fonts _now_ that effectively represent SENĆOŦEN, but the second time I brought it up was to mention typability, since it's pretty hard to type letters like Ŧ in many cases unless you have a specific keyboard layout that allows you to do so
Well... sure, many phonemes are mapped questionably, but at least it didn't end up like the Tsalagi/Cherokee syllabary, where not a single character matches phonetically with its corresponding lookalike letter in the Latin alphabet.
@@Sundrobrocc Also in Sequoyah's defense, he hadn't learned to read the Latin alphabet first, he just thought the shapes were good enough to base his writing system on it. Still, not a single match is impressive statistically speaking!
Great video. You are maybe the only person I've ever seen talking about Saanich orthography online in a way that isn't snide and mocking. Personally, my main gripe with the Elliot System is similar to yours; it obscures the beautiful symmetry that is present in the Saanich phoneme inventory. As a hobby I once made up my own writing system for Saanich (or Sentṡaṣen, as it may be). Many of my ideas were similar to yours, especially the marking of glottalisation with the apostrophe. I also especially love your idea of using only one diacritic so that its shape doesn't matter as much; in my idea there are two possible diacritics, one above and one below, so only their position matters. I cannot link anything here, but if you would like I can send you a link to my google doc via email or discord or any app really. Here is the first sentence of the example you used, in my idea: Ewene sen e tṣe ew’ meḳw’ ełtelṅexw ḳw sni’s sḳw’ayes e tṣe xtṡṅins.
I believe this is the "normal" pronunciation of those sounds. Assuming General American (though I don't see why other dialects would be different), /ʃ/ is technically not pronounced with the tip of the tongue (as in by an apical realization) but rather more with the blade of the tongue (so tending more towards laminal). In fact, some describe post-alveolar sounds as featuring a "convex" (bunched-up kinda) tongue. To my knowledge, this isn't really a dialectal thing, just something that varies person to person. Post-alveolar sounds are kinda goofy, so I wouldn't worry about them too much. When it comes to Arabic, it doesn't matter since in the end, they're coronal sounds (pronounced with the general front of the tongue as opposed to the general back area like with velar consonants), which are the ones that assimilate. Sorry for the long answer lmk if you have any other questions!
This was great! The suggestions you made, especially when written in lowercase, give SENĆOŦEN a visual beauty which was previously hard to access for an outsider.
When I was young, I thought that the Arabic language was actually the origin of languages, but when I grew up, I understood that every people believes that their language is the origin of languages. For example, the Jews say that the Hebrew language is the origin of all languages, and so do the Arabs, Indians, Romans, ancient Greeks, and so on. Every people believes His language is the origin of all languages (of course I do not make excuses to anyone) and as my teacher said, just because two things are similar does not mean that they are necessarily connected or of the same origin (I am sorry for my bad English), I also have a question for some people in the comments. Every people believes that their language is the origin of all languages. This thing is not limited to the Arabs. Why speak badly about the Arabs?
Exactly right. Many people base these language theories on nationalism-the love they have for their origins. To answer your question, the focus may be on Arabs in this comment section just because this video happens to talk about Arabic, though I do not think this hate is justified in the slightest. Jassem doesn't represent all Arabs, and doesn't deserve any hate regardless. The point of this video is to academically discuss his theory based on the knowledge we've accumulated over the years, *not* to point and laugh. Unfortunately, not all people will get this.
reading some of the comments here, I can say that there are some Arabic speakers (mostly graduated linguists) who try to find connections with other languages out of thin air. I think the hypothesis that says the Spanish masculine definite singular article ("el") has its roots in the Arabic definite article ("al-") is the one prefered by said speakers. when confronted about it, these people will just say something like "no, really. it comes from Arabic. there's no way it comes from Latin pronoun 'ille'".
@@Sundrobrocc Like I mean it does include the tip but it sounds more like the qamari letters and all of the shamsi letters or most of them are like the Rs Ts Ss Ds Zs Or like Z or S, or T and D, L sounds more like the. B, W, F, G, K, Q stuff It sounds like AL-QAMARI
I suppose that could just have to do with sound symbolism-maybe you associate /l/ with the word القمر since it's pronounced in al-qamar. Linguistically, /l/ belongs with the rest of the shamsiyy since it's a coronal consonant (pronounced with the tip of the tongue), but in the case of /l/, it doesn't really matter what you treat it as since it'll be the same (al-lughat for example) no matter what :)
such a good video. your other videos have been recommended to me over time, and i didn't realize they were all you. Subbed. Great videos. they were all super well made and very interesting.
your videos are crazy good for your subscriber count, and you're crazy knowledgeable about linguistics for your age. (i'm not that much older than you, tho, but i am studying linguistics in college.) also, k klein uses they/them pronouns :)
OMG that's so cool, how's that going for you!? I'm starting my major in linguistics in August :)) Also thanks for the heads up! Somehow didn't pick that up about them but now I know :)
@@Sundrobrocc i just finished my sophomore year, so at this point i've taken all the core classes (intro, phonology, syntax, semantics) as well as a few other classes (historical ling, syntax 2) and i'll be taking phonetics in the fall. i love it, and i love the ling department at my college. i've always had a particular draw to syntax but its def my fav area, and semantics is def my least favorite area as i suspected. and i've always loved teaching, so hopefully i can do linguistics forever as a prof down the line :)
As a native Arabic speaker and someone who studied the "Quranic Arabic", you explained it PERFECTLY! Thank you so much, that was enjoyable. 👏🏻👏🏻 I have something to add: There is a sentence that combines all the moon letters, which is "أبغ حجك وخف عقيمهُ" And any letter that doesn't exist in this sentence, is one of the sun letters!
