@@tubeDude48 There will be a 2W later this year, but I have some projects that don't need WiFi. At less than £5 it's not much to buy a standard Pico 2.

@@PenguinTutor - I understand. I just hate putting money in Upton's coffer!

Thanks for pointing that out. Fixed it now.

@@elusive62 You could use either a cigarette lighter style usb charger, or a 12V to 5V buck converter.

@@elusive62 Although possible without, I would recommend keeping the two power supplies completely isolated from each other. Eg using relays or opto isolators.

I mean the two 12v supplies, the car and your electronics supply. You will also need to make sure all your signals to the Pico are only 3.3V and you increase the signal to be enough to drive whatever outputs you are using (eg relays). Or it may be possible to drive opto-isolators / optocouplers directly depending upon voltage and current requirements.

@@PenguinTutor the only part the wiring would come together would be at the sidelights, I did consider using the VCC as a signal for the pico to begin the timed "sidelights on" for 30 seconds, but i think it would be much more simpler to put a button i would press to begin the timer.

@@PenguinTutor Thanks for response.

Unfortunately I don't think that is possible, or at least not with the standard extensions. To turn the cursor on and off involves sending a special code signal to the LCD display. Unfortunately the library used in MakeCode does not have an option for sending that code. You could most likely turn the cursor on and off by using Circuit Python on the microbit, but not makecode.

Bruh 💀 but AI says its true on makecode

IT Made a Code that really Said ShowCursor(true) Like fr😭

@@The3DTechGuy Which is one of the problems with AI. It doesn't actually understand but just puts together what statistically looks right. Sometimes AI can come up with code that works, but often it doesn't. It's possible someone has created a makecode extension that does include that, but I suspect it's just AI getting it wrong.

Capacitor C1 is connected between the UART connector and the Reset pin of the ATmega328p. This is to reduce the risk of any transient noise on that pin from causing a reset. C2 is connected directly across the supply near to the IC. This is to reduce noise on the power supply going to the ATmega328. Typically these should be as close as possible to the power pin of the microcontroller (pin 7). These are standard for any circuit which uses ICs with one typically next to the supply pin of every IC. You can create a circuit without one, but it is recommended one is included - hence the reason it's sometimes left-out out during a prototyping stage, but then added when creating a permanent circuit. C3 is similar to C2, but used for the Analog to Digital circuitry within the ATmega. It's connected to AVCC supply connection (pin 20). The supply does need to be connected to the AVCC pin even if not using the A/D converter. If the A/D converter is used then the datasheet recommends using a low-pass filter is used for that supply, so I compromised with an additional capacitor. Looking at the circuit diagram for the UNO then they don't appear to use use either a capacitor or a low-pass filter near to the AVCC pin, but they do include an additional 100nF capacitor as part of the power supply circuitry, it's just not physically close to that pin. So again optional, I'd suggest C2 is more important.

Thanks for the comments. That's not something I've tried. Most code for the Raspberry Pi will assume that it's a controller (master), and act accordingly. I don't have any suggestions for examples of using RPi to RPi at the moment as I've normally used either UART or network for that. I am wanting to look further into various BUS technologies / protocols in future so I will try and look into at least some form of RPi peer-to-peer in future.

I'm still using it occasionally for my own videos and it does what I need. But I'm not really sure of the best way to take it forward. It feels quite complicated to use even for myself.

Thanks - perhaps it was something like that. I didn't knowingly change anything when I re-exported later, but perhaps that could have been the reason.

Good point. I was not planning to do anything code wise or use anything in the FreeCAD spreadsheet etc, but you are right that if I did then using underscores usually makes life easier. I'm not sure in FreeCAD, but you can normally get around the use of hyphens by using quote or escape characters, but it's easier if you don't need to. It's the same reason I often avoid spaces in filenames although there are usually ways around it, it's usually easier to avoid in first place.

In that case you may need to reboot and choose boot to recovery mode as shown at 18:19

The source code for all the games is available in GitHub github.com/Apress/beginning-game-programming-with-pygame-zero

@@PenguinTutor Thank you! :)

I was about to. In fact if you look at the source code on github there is still an up.png and down.png in the design folder. One reason I changed my mind is because the switch on the left of the layout goes left and right rather than up and down. I did think about having an up and down line, but other than one double track section for a station there is no where that would make sense, and as it is a circular track it doesn't have a destination to have as the primary direction. As the track is circular I did think about having inner and outer track, but again one of the sidings is innner and the other is outer. I'm also planning to use it on another layout (not built yet) where the tracks will not be in a loop so it wouldn't make sense there. It was at Model Key World when my son was using a DCC controller where the points were all controlled with buttons 1 and 2 on the DCC controller that I decided to go with 1 and 2. In fact none of the options are ideal. One thing though is that I've made the source code available, and changing it would be as simple as either editing the html file and changing it to use the different image files, or saving the up and down button files over the top of the button1.png and button2.png files. You could even change the html so that some have up and down, and some have left and right, but I wanted to keep it generic so you wouldn't need to customise if using it on a different layout. A major factor is that interface is not really intended to be used. The web API will be used by the GUI and I just thought I may as well create a basic web page so that you could control it with say a mobile phone if you wanted to.

I did as well and the Pimoroni NVMe worked well first time. My problems were due to a silly mistake by me - ordering the wrong kind of SSD for a second upgrade and hardware problem with my second Raspberry Pi. I'm ordering a new Raspberry Pi to replace the one that didn't work.

Most proprietary "raw" formats are designed for a specific camera. A "raw" format from picamera would be to just capture the image as an array of pixels. This can be done using array = picam2.capture_array("main") That will give a 3 dimensional Numpy Array which you can then manipulate and convert / save as required. An alternative is to capture into the PIL format which can be manipulated and / or exported - eg. export as an uncompressed TIFF image = picam2.capture_image("main") (then process as required) Or if you want raw video capture then use: config = picam2.create_video_configuration(raw={}, encode="raw") picam2.configure(config) encoder = Encoder() picam2.start_recording(encoder, "test.raw") This is all covered on the Picamera2 documentation at: datasheets.raspberrypi.com/camera/picamera2-manual.pdf

In that case you will need to reboot, select recovery mode with root shell and then try the recovery from there.

You can use C++. Raspberry Pi have provided a tool chain based around visual studio, but I believe others have created the steps needed for the Arduino IDE. Or there is an Arduino RP2040, but that's quite expensive compared with the Pico.

Do you have a physical ethernet port, connecting by cable often works even if your wireless driver doesn't. The alternative is that you can download files on a different computer, transfer by USB stick and then install using dpkg, but that can get very tedious if there are lots of dependencies that also need to be downloaded.

during the animation I made it 12 frames and labeled it similarly but continued to receive internal error messages, I could be uploading the images wrong into the pico though, should I make it a file and upload it? or individually?

The error appears to be due to a problem writing to a file. It appears to be trying to write into a zip file. Have you extracted the files from the zip first?

If you are still in Ubuntu then you can try CTRL-ALT-F3 to get a terminal. If not then reboot, which should put you at the Grub screen. If you've set boot to automatically boot to Ubuntu then you can hold down shift when booting to bring up the grub menu. From the Grub Menu choose Ubuntu wth recover, then choose a root prompt. I hope that helps.

Sorry if it's a bit bright. I tend to use colours that are accessible, including light coloured backgrounds and (when possible) increased fonts and cursor size. This is in response to some of my earlier subscribers that said how difficult it was to read the screen sometimes. Although I've also noticed that in Thonny even the dark themes have a very bright background for the main part of the editor.

@@PenguinTutor No what I mean is that in the first minute of your video, thonny's window will always appear in the top half of your screen and then disappear. This causes the top half of the screen to be flickering constantly.

@@cubeleaf7895 Oh yes I see what you mean. Sorry about that. I didn't see that in the video editor, but then it does flash away pretty quickly. I created the presentation in Google Slides, it's one of only a few times I've used that for creating videos. Perhaps I'll switch back to LibreOffice Impress in future. Thanks for pointing it out.

Yes indeed. I2C can run for a few meters so as long as it's not too far. I'm planning to use the MCP23008 on a different PCB although I'm my current project they will be in the same enclosure.