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They arent center buffer couplers, those are knuckle couplers. Center buffer couplers have a shock absorber in the middle with a chain and hook on either side to couple the cars together. Knuckle couplers push together to close the "knuckle" which locks and holds the cars together.
That hose under the coupler is an air hose, that connects to the hose on the other car to supply air for braking. The upper one could be for the dump doors.
