New researchers, it can be tough finding the right scientific tools to help you with your research. That's why we're giving away a free video tutorials on how to use scientific tool. learn more about scientific tools and get the help you need to make your research go further. Writing a paper? No problem! Just use our writing tips. learn the most important issues about: 1. Scientific writing (paper and thesis) 2. The Best Apps and Software for Writing (MS. Word, Excel, PPT, ImageJ, Grammarly and other programs) 3. Basic statistical methods used in your paper or thesis 3. How to present your work effectively 5. What You Need to Write Well for Your Research Tools to help you write your paper faster. Write your paper without spending so much time in doing it. الكتابة العلمية كتابة رسالة المااجيستير والدكتوراه كتابة الدراسات السابقه برنامد مندلى نسبة اقتباس مراجعة الكتابة العلمية عالية الجودة فحص نسبة الإقتباس التدقيق اللغوى استخدام برامج ميكروسوفت وورد و بوربوينت
اللهم انت ربي لا اله الا انت خلقتني وأنا عبدك وأنا على عهدك ووعدك ما استطعت أعوذ بك من شر ما صنعت أبوء لك بنعمتك علي وابوء بذنبي فاغفر لي فإنه لا يغفر الذنوب الا انت
جزاك الله خيرا دكتور. بس استفسار انت تاخذ في الصور من القوقل هل الشئ عادي لانة الصور يوجد بها حقوق النشر. هل بالامكان اخذها وتعديل في اللون كم عملت انت واقوم بوضوعها في الورقات البحثية بدون اي مشكلة تواجهني في المستقبل بعد نشر الورقة في مجلة علمية
عندي منحنيات مرسومة ببرنامج الاكسل واحتاج اجمعها في مكان واحد جنب بعض عملت الخطوات اللي حضرتك ذكرتها بس المنحني من الصقه بالاطار كانفانس يخرج برة الاطار ممكن اعرف السبب
caltuvation of varuses: three main methods 1_animals inoculation 2_Embryonated egg or chicken embryo inoculation. 3_Tissue and cell culture: the cell lines to be usually used are primary cell line, secondary cell line and propagated cell line. ممكن لو سمحت تشرحلي طريقة 3 وما هو مقصود ب primary secondary propagated
Sure. I will be happy to do that As you said, we have 3 methods 1. Animal Inoculation: This method is utilized when a virus does not grow well in cell culture or when studying the virus's effect on a whole organism. Scientists carefully select the animal species based on the virus's affinity. The virus can be introduced via various routes, like intramuscular or intranasal, depending on the study's goal. This approach is crucial for observing clinical symptoms and the virus's pathogenesis. 2. Embryonated Egg Inoculation: A fertilized chicken egg, with a developing embryo, serves as a nurturing environment for virus propagation. Different parts of the egg, such as the allantoic cavity or the chorioallantoic membrane, can be inoculated, depending on the virus. This method is especially prominent in influenza vaccine production and the study of avian viruses. 3. Tissue and Cell Culture: This method is the cornerstone of virology in the laboratory setting. - Primary cell lines are derived directly from tissue samples and maintain the characteristics of the original tissue. However, their lifespan in culture is limited. - Secondary cell lines are primary cells that have been subcultured but not modified to be immortal; they can only be split a finite number of times before senescence. - Propagated or continuous cell lines are often genetically modified to proliferate indefinitely, making them a versatile tool for ongoing viral cultivation.
спасибо за нормальное объяснение. я свои paper не смогла сдать потому что преподаватель немного не так как вы объяснил я ничего тогда не поняла. спас бо большое❤
