किल्ले शिवनेरी । छत्रपतींच्या जन्माने पावन झालेला किल्ला । Shivneri Fort 

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शिवनेरी किल्ला हा भारताच्या महाराष्ट्र राज्यातील एक किल्ला आहे. शिवनेरीचा हा प्राचीन किल्ला महाराष्ट्र राज्यात जुन्नर शहराजवळ, पुण्यापासून १०५ किलोमीटरवर आहे. भारत सरकारने या किल्ल्याला दिनांक २६ मे, इ.स. १९०९ रोजी महाराष्ट्रातील राष्ट्रीय संरक्षित स्मारक म्हणून घोषित केलेले आहे.[१]१९ फेब्रुवारी १६३० रोजी छत्रपती शिवाजी महाराजांचा जन्म शिवनेरी गडावर झाला होता.हा किल्ला खूप प्रसिद्ध आहे.या किल्ल्याला चारही बाजूंनी कठीण चढाव असून त्याला जिंकावयास कठीण असा बालेकिल्ला आहे. किल्ल्यावर शिवाई देवीचे छोटे मंदिर व जिजाबाई व बाल-शिवाजी यांच्या प्रतिमा आहेत.या किल्ल्याचा आकार शंकराच्या पिंडीसारखा आहे.शिवनेरी अगदी जुन्नर शहरात आहे. जुन्नरमधे शिरतानाच शिवनेरीचे दर्शन होते. किल्ला तसा फार मोठा नाही. १६७३ मध्ये ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनीतील डॉ. जॉन फ्रायर याने या किल्ल्याला भेट दिली होती. त्याने आपल्या साधनग्रंथात, या किल्ल्यावर हजार कुटुंबांना सात वर्षे पुरेल एवढी शिधासामुग्री आहे असा उल्लेख केला आहे.
Shivneri is known to be a place of Buddhist dominion from the 1st century AD. Its caves, rock-cut architecture and water system indicate the presence of habitation since 1st century AD. Shivneri got its name as it was under the possession of the Yadavas of Devagiri. This fort was mainly used to guard the old trading route from Desh to the port city of Kalyan. The place passed on to the Bahmani Sultanate after the weakening of Delhi Sultanate during the 15th century and it then passed on to the Ahmadnagar Sultanate in the 16th century. In 1595, a Maratha chief named Maloji Bhonsle, the grandfather of Shivaji Bhosale, was enabled by the Ahmadnagar Sultan, Bahadur Nizam Shah and he gave him Shivneri and Chakan. Shivaji Maharaj was born at the fort on 19 February 1630 (some accounts place it 1627), and spent his childhood there. Inside the fort is a small temple dedicated to the goddess Shivai Devi, after whom Shivaji was named. The English traveller Fraze visited the fort in 1673 and found it invincible. According to his accounts, the fort was well-stocked to feed thousand families for seven years. The fort came under the control of the British Rule in 1820 after the Third Anglo-Maratha War.[citation needed]In 2021, it was added to the tentative list of the UNESCO World Heritage sites as part of "Serial Nomination of Maratha Military Architecture in Maharashtra".
Shivneri Fort[3] is a hill fort having a triangular shape and has its entrance from the South-west side of the hill.[4] Apart from the main gate there is an entrance to the fort from side called locally as the chain gate, where in one has to hold chains to climb up to the fort gate. The fort extends up to 1 mi (1.6 km) with seven spiral well-defended gates. There are mud walls all around the fort. Inside the fort, the major buildings are the prayer hall, a tomb and a mosque.[2] There is an overhanging where executions took place.[5] There are many gates structures protecting this fort. Mana Daravaja is one of the many gates of the fort. Its also called the origin of Tune.
At the centre of the fort is a water pond which is called 'Badami Talav', and to the south of this pond are statues of Jijabai and a young Shiva. In the fort there are two water springs, called Ganges and Yamuna, which have water throughout the year. Two kilometers away from this fort there are the Buddhist rock-cut caves, called Lenyadri caves, which is also one of Ashtavinayak temple in Maharashtra. It has been declared as a protected monument.
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