When two nucleons which are attractive are combined to form a nucleus, the final mass is smaller than the compositions because energy is released. This is called Binding energy. In order to separate the two particles, energy (previous Binding energy) must be supplied. We can take deuteron which is composed a proton and a neutron as an example. The formula used is Einstein E is equal to rest mass times c squared.
The same principle can be applied to heavy uranium 235 bombarded by slow thermal neutron to split to lower mass particles which have smaller sum of masses than the heavy Uranium, the difference is converted to very high thermal radiation energy with speed of light. In order for chain reaction to happen, there must be a minimum critical mass of Uranium. Einstein formula applies here too,
Einstein's math is not that great, his General Relativity needs tensor to express in elegant mathematical form, he needs to rely on his friend Marcel Grossmann to give him a big help. Regarding Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory, there have been lots of misunderstanding as of today for many professors in very famous University especially in particle wave duality and measurement issues. In fact QM is very simple and easy to fully and totally understand all you need is a person who understand well inside out. There is no mystery at all in Quantum. It was invented in 1926, amazingly it is still a mystery to many academics. QM is a lot easier than EM wave, antenna and radiation and all its applications.
Congratulations to you! We have just come across a super genius like you! According to you, Quantum Mechanics seemed so simple and easy to you although an honest person like Einstein found it completely unbelievable and counterintuitive. Similarly, other great Physicists like Richard Feyman acknowledged that QM is hard to understand. You are certainly the great EXCEPTION who claim to have fully understood QM!
