The Kandy Esala Perahera is one of the most magnificent cultural and religious festivals in Sri Lanka, celebrated annually in the historic city of Kandy. This grand event, which usually takes place in July or August, is a vibrant display of Sri Lankan traditions, religious devotion, and cultural heritage, drawing thousands of locals and international visitors alike.
Historical Significance
The Kandy Esala Perahera dates back to the 3rd century BCE, during the reign of King Devanampiyatissa, when it was first held to honor the sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha. The Tooth Relic, believed to be a tooth of the Buddha, was brought to Sri Lanka from India in the 4th century CE and has since been enshrined in the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic (Sri Dalada Maligawa) in Kandy. The Perahera is held to pay homage to this relic, which is one of the most revered objects in Buddhism, symbolizing the country’s sovereignty and religious heritage.
The Perahera Procession
The Kandy Esala Perahera is renowned for its elaborate and colorful processions, which span over ten days. The event is a blend of religious observance and cultural spectacle, featuring a series of smaller processions, each representing different deities and aspects of Sri Lankan Buddhism.
The highlight of the Perahera is the grand procession, where the sacred Tooth Relic is paraded through the streets of Kandy. Although the actual relic remains enshrined in the temple, a replica is carried in a golden casket atop a magnificently adorned elephant, known as the "Maligawa Tusker." This elephant, often selected from the country’s finest, is draped in elaborate garments and is the centerpiece of the procession.
The procession itself is a mesmerizing sight, featuring a host of traditional dancers, drummers, whip-crackers, and fire-dancers, all dressed in vibrant costumes. Kandyan dancers, in particular, are a prominent feature, performing intricate routines that are deeply rooted in the island's cultural heritage. Traditional drumming, known as "Magul Bera," adds a rhythmic intensity to the event, while the torchbearers light up the night with their fiery displays.
In addition to the Buddhist elements, the Perahera also includes processions dedicated to the four guardian deities of Sri Lanka: Natha, Vishnu, Kataragama, and Pattini. These processions start from the respective temples and join the main procession, symbolizing the protection and blessing of the country.
Religious and Cultural Significance
The Kandy Esala Perahera is not merely a festival; it is a deeply spiritual event for the Buddhist community in Sri Lanka. It is believed that participating in or witnessing the Perahera brings blessings, protection, and spiritual merit. The event also serves as a time for the faithful to renew their vows and commitment to Buddhist teachings.
Culturally, the Perahera is a celebration of Sri Lanka's rich artistic heritage. The traditional costumes, music, and dance forms on display are an expression of the island's identity, passed down through generations. It is an opportunity for the country to showcase its cultural diversity and unity, as people from various regions and backgrounds come together to participate in this grand event.
Modern-Day Celebrations
While the Kandy Esala Perahera has retained its traditional essence, it has also evolved over the years. Today, the event is a major tourist attraction, drawing visitors from around the world who come to witness this extraordinary spectacle. The festival is meticulously organized, with the local government and religious leaders working together to ensure that the event runs smoothly and safely.
In recent years, there has been an increased emphasis on the ethical treatment of elephants involved in the Perahera. Efforts are being made to ensure that these majestic animals are cared for and that their well-being is prioritized during the event.
Conclusion
The Kandy Esala Perahera is a unique blend of religion, culture, and tradition, making it one of the most significant and spectacular festivals in Sri Lanka. It is a time when the streets of Kandy come alive with color, music, and spirituality, offering a truly unforgettable experience for all who attend. As a symbol of Sri Lanka’s Buddhist heritage and cultural pride, the Kandy Esala Perahera continues to captivate and inspire people from around the globe.
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28 авг 2024
