Multiple Choice Questions with Answers and Explanation
Part 01 (25 MCQs)
Monosaccharides, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates and are composed of a single sugar molecule. They are the building blocks of disaccharides and polysaccharides. Some common monosaccharides are glucose, fructose, and galactose.
Disaccharides are carbohydrates composed of two monosaccharides linked together. They are formed by a dehydration reaction, which means that a water molecule is lost. Some common disaccharides are sucrose (table sugar), lactose (milk sugar), and maltose (malt sugar).
Polysaccharides are carbohydrates composed of three or more monosaccharides linked together. They are formed by a series of dehydration reactions. Some common polysaccharides are starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
Sweet taste: Monosaccharides are sweet in taste, although the sweetness can vary depending on the type of monosaccharide. Glucose is the sweetest monosaccharide, followed by fructose and galactose.
Water solubility: Monosaccharides are soluble in water. This is because they have many hydroxyl (-OH) groups that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
Reducing properties: Monosaccharides are reducing sugars. This means that they can reduce mild oxidizing agents, such as Tollens' reagent or Benedict's reagent.
Colorless and crystalline solids: Monosaccharides are colorless and crystalline solids at room temperature.
Functional group: The functional group of a monosaccharide is an aldehyde (-CHO) group or a ketone (C=O) group.
Classification: Monosaccharides can be classified by the number of carbon atoms they contain: triose (3), tetrose (4), pentose (5), hexose (6), heptose (7), and so on.
Some specific examples of monosaccharides:
Glucose: Glucose is the most common monosaccharide and is the body's main source of energy. It is found in fruits, vegetables, and grains.
Fructose: Fructose is the sweetest of the monosaccharides and is found in fruits and honey.
Galactose: Galactose is found in milk and dairy products.
Ribose: Ribose is a pentose monosaccharide that is found in RNA.
Deoxyribose: Deoxyribose is a pentose monosaccharide that is found in DNA.
Biochemistry
Organic Chemistry
Molecular Biology
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5 окт 2024
