8 Philosophy Books You Need to Read 

I teach philosophy in a french highschool, and while you're presenting classics and strong authors only, I think you are mixing up difficulties level to a point where it could really be confusing for a beginer. Plato's dialogues are nice and beautiful. It's not always easy to understand, but it's always compelling to read. You have strong and well defined characters, clashes of ideas, intellectual dramas (can Socrates be saved from his unfair trial ? Euthyphro's ending is more soul crushing than most tragic plays). You have homo-erotic stuff that Oscar Wilde would die for, secret love affairs to read between the lines, a lot of hilarious situations and jokes, great analogies to explain complex ideas, geometry lessons (it's more exciting than it sounds), and myths so creative they changed our culture (Gyges invisibility ring from the Republic inspired other myths with northmen or hobbits, everyone heard about the androgynous beings split in two and condemned to search for their lost soulmate, and some people still believe in the lost Atlantis described in Crito). So yes, you should begin with Plato, everyone should try to read some Plato, even if you think it's not for you, I can assure you there is a dialogue you will find interesting and compelling. You should try and begin with Euthyphro (the nature of religious devotion), the Apology (Socrates on trial), Gorgias (the nature of rhetorics and the problem with democracy), Meno (the nature of ideas), the Symposium (about love and drunkness) and even the Republic (is there something behind death, and how should we live?). You should avoid some difficult dialogues at first : do not read the Philebe, the Sophist, Theethetes, or the Laws as your first Plato. It would be a strange reading experience, unless you're a mathematician, a logician, a software designer or some kind of reader who already derives pleasure from classical logic. Meanwhile, Aristotle's works are much dryer to read, especially for a beginer. Nichomachean ethics is the easy part, sure, but the easy part of Aristotle's works is still pretty complicated compared to Plato's. If Plato and Aristotle were alive today, both teaching classical athenian philosophy : Plato wrote the intro class, highschool and college undergrad courses, teaching more difficult stuff in his class and by oral tradiction only, no notes allowed. While Aristotle published every research paper, on the most difficult philosophical problems understandable only for college to PhD level, and a lot of stuff on subsequent reasearch fields like astronomy, physics and zoology. David Hume is a very good read, but instead of getting your head insides that treaty first, I strongly recommand to begin with the easy version : "An enquiry concerning human understanding". It's shorter, pursue the same line of reasonning and it was litterally written for beginers. Reading Descartes's letters is a very unusual tip, but I think you're right : it's a good way to see how philosophy is supposed to be a dialogue in essence (...much like Plato's works). If you really want to read Descartes and don't find any edition of his correspondance to a reasonnable price, you can begin with the "Discours de la méthode" (Discourse on the method), which was designed for beginers : it's really short and summerise most of his thoughts about skepticism and science. If you're at an intermediate level and already know some philosphy, I recommand skipping that Discours and get right into the more thorough (but not too complicated) "Meditations of First philosophy". Descartes is a never-ending spiral of complexity, the more you read it, the more you understand how subtle and complicated it really is. And it's the exact opposite of what you should feel reading Kant. While this systematic philosopher becomes easier and clearer while you read it and note the most significant words and expressions, I strongly recommand you not to begin with his longest, most complex and subtle work : Critique of Pure Reason. It's not a challenge, it's a suicide, it's like day one at a bakery school and the chef tells you « today, we're gonna do a two meters high wedding cake, and each stage is a different recipe ». I politely suggest you to try and bake some croissants first, at least. If you really do want to begin with that colossal book, I suggest you to read Kant's intro to the second edition before you even buy the Critique of Pure Reason. It's short, yet thorough, understandable and gives you a good feeling of the ambitions at play and the task lying ahead. If you want to read Kant, I strongly recommand "What is Enlightenment ?", which is very short and was specifically written for beginers, or the longer but still quite easy to read "Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch". I simply don't know Ayer's book, so I'm trusting you on that one. About analytical philosophy, I think the best first read to recommand would be "Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy” Do not feel intimidated by this long title, it's a conference quite easy to follow, while presenting most different aspects of philosophy. I used a part of it with my seventeen years old pupils, and it kinda works as a general intro to philosophy. I strongly disagree with you for the next two books. Wittgenstein and Heidegger are simply not for beginers at all, you need a warning not to read those books if you're not already familiar with some philosophical ideas and works. You should already know some concepts about analytical philosophy before reading Wittgenstein, it's a poor introduction to the field (or the best intro to philosophy if you're a very lonesome genius, but there is no in-between). Worst of all, for a beginer, “Time and Being” is simply a long and obscure rant made of gibberish, you need to read at least some Kant and a thing or two from Husserl (which is pretty difficult on itself) to start reading Heidegger and understand it. I haven't read Heidegger in english, though, maybe the translation is dumbing it down, but in German or French my warning is heavily justified. Those are my two cents and my personnal opinion. Have fun reading, and if you really want to try difficult books, then feel free to completely ignore my advice: while I have a good experience about teaching and explaining those authors, I mostly teach to teenagers, your adult mind is something else entirely.

One point about Hume is that he wrote in English, and fairly modern English at that, so there aren't any issues with translation. In addition, Hume was a superb stylist, so he's actually enjoyable to read from both a substantive and an esthetic perspective.

I just stumbled upon on this channel and its seems like this channel was the channel i have been seeking sense i joined youtube. I look forward oo seeing this channel blossom. Much love!

This is why I love this channel, just the back and forth engagement in comments is very enlightening as a beginner myself!!!

This is a great video! I’ve been wanting to dove into philosophy and was intimidated and unsure where to start. This gave me some great direction! I’ll definitely be picking up a few of these titles!

As a philosopher for Theological studies, this video is really well done. I agree with you on all your recommendations and reasoning. Just found your channel and it has solid content

Thank you for your work in philosophy.

I think it's good to start with Plato. I'm not a philosophy student (heck, not even something related), yet I found his Dialogues quite easy to digest -and also quite interesting.

Thank you so much for including Hume! I don't know why he is so overlooked.

Philosophy as an academic discipline may be difficult to understand in all its aspects, however, I do think that more people should learn about philosophical values as they are helpful in our lives. The way you speak about those books made me think that you have a vast knowledge about certain things that are deemed timely and relevant.

Thank you so much for this video!

Two great books for absolute beginners: -Gilles Deleuze: Difference and Repetition -Alfred North Whitehead: Process and Reality

Im from Spain and i am watching your videos to acquire more vocabulary in English. Thank you!

Excellent video, so refreshing from the normal stuff on here talking about "nice" covers, Vampires, Dragons and comics, sorry graphic novels. Keep up the good work.

The Symposium is a must read. You cannot leave that out. It is Plato's love-song to Socrates. I first read it years ago as a philosophy major. It made me thoroughly ashamed of the emphasis I was putting on grades. Also , the ring of gyges from The Republic. Both of these can be life-changing works to read.

Thank you! Always nice to see a list of recommendations with a short explanation why these particular are books suggested. Also thank you for the “be practical and pragmatic” advice! Sometimes I want to dish out more money on a nice hard cover book, but then I’m afraid to take it out of the house and damage it somehow. Books are meant to be read and studied. It’s nice to have a beautiful collection at home, but there is not much use if you don’t actually read them.

Thank you. Subscribed and waiting for new videos! 😄

Funny how you present a way to read/study Heidegger in the exac t way I've been lately doing; hats off.

Thank you for the recommendations! One way to stretch the life of those affordable editions is clear contact paper. I started doing that in high school and can attest that it helped a lot. In fact, I still have one of the books and it looks good considering that it's from the 90s.

This is an excellent list. Just found your channel and now newly subscribed.

An old college philosophy professor of mine told us that Kant’s German was so difficult to read that even the German students would learn English in order to read him in English translation. I don’t know if it’s true but it sounds believable.

Thank you so much!

Many thanks for illuminating philosophy here with such clarity . Recently, I read a book called : Philosophy Classics by Tom Butler Bowdon which distills the ideas and thoughts of 50 great philosophers in a unique thematic format which was helpful for beginners like me. Just exploring the wonder of Being, Truth and Meaning.

Even though the books shown here are unarguably crucial for understanding philosophical movements they represent/are a part of, I would argue that, for a beginner it would be much more useful to get a grip of what those movements are. Reading something on the history of philosophy, like Bertrand Russell's "A History of Western Philosophy", I think would help an unknowing person understand the core concepts of most historically significant philosophies.

For the Critique of pure reason, the best companion, in my opinion and generally held in very high regard, is the Cambridge companion to the critique of pure reason, although this is a pretty academic work. A slightly easier and more comprehensive one is the Routledge companion to the Critique of pure reason. For an introduction into Kant and the work itself I would recommend the text: "Kant' by Paul Guyer in the Routledge philosophers series. Reading the chapters on the critique before diving in can really help, but watching some lecture before would still be advised to start of with a general idea of what the project of the Critique is all about.

Plato's Five Dialogues 00:56 Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics 02:35 David Hume's A Treatise of Human Nature 04:10 Descartes's Meditations on First Philosophy 06:14 Kant's Critique of Pure Reason 08:07 Ayer's Language, Truth, and Logic 10:04 Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations 11:00 Heidegger's Being and Time 12:13

Love your breakdown! It's a great list. One comment: 'Critique of Pure Reason' and 'Being and Time' are two of the most important and influential philosophy texts of all time; they're also two of the most difficult (add in Hegel's 'Phenomenology of Spirit' and you have the whole trifecta). I wouldn't push beginning philosophy readers into that deep end just yet; they'll catch their death of German. More concise introductions to those philosophers' thoughts are Kant's 'Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics' and Heidegger's essay "What is Metaphysics?". In addition, regarding the order of presentation, I'd read Descartes before Hume and Wittgenstein before Ayer (order of who influenced who). To this list I'd add Nietzsche's 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' (particularly if your tastes are more toward literature than straightforward philosophy). Solid runners-up include Spinoza's 'Ethics', Kierkegaard's 'Concluding Unscientific Postscript', and Bertrand Russell's 'The Problems of Philosophy'. Anyone interested in more contemporary, life-relevant philosophical thought could benefit from Robert Nozick's 'The Examined Life'. Enjoy!

Cool suggestions. Subscribed.

8:30 That was the best way to describe Kant's Critique of Pure Reason in one sentence: The truth is paperback books will fall apart if you use them a lot.

Great list. Though with my philosophy club we are starting with The Republic by Plato.

You have helped me has a 15 year old getting in to philosophy.😊

Thanks for this. If I may offer a personal reflection: I think that, of these texts, two that sit in tension (in the philosophy of mind) are Descartes meditations and Wittgenstein Philosophical Investigations. Both are compelling. But both can’t be right. So, Wittgenstein lets the fly out of the bottle; but we will always, always, go back to Descartes. Peter

As a philosophy major I actually feel like it is hard to make a distinction between "beginner level" and like a more "advanced level" of philosophy... Sure, there are certain philosophers that are more complicated to understand because you might need some understanding of their use of certain words and expressions, but in the end if you want to read it and understand their thoughts, you will have to start somewhere. I see here comments by people saying that e.g. reading Kant as a "beginner" is a stupid idea but I just feel like philosophy is something that you just have to to jump right into it and then figure out where to go from there, trying to understand the key concepts and ideas. To people who are not used to read philosophy, I would just recommend starting somewhere with some of the big names and then just read something and if you are not really interested in it, skip it and go on to the next thing until you reach a philosopher or a topic that you find soo interesting that putting all the work to like slowly understand it is fun to you and not a difficult task...

Subscribed for sure👌

Starting with ‘Being and Time’ is a little bold, although I approve of the choice of text! Imo Descartes-Locke-Berkeley-Hume & Descartes-Spinoza-Leibniz are all good lines to go down for the budding philosopher, plus Plato and Aristotle obviously. Kant should probably come later at which point Hegel, Heidegger, Husserl and others can succeed a reading of Kant.

Nice collection 👍

Surprised you didn’t include nietsche, as many find him foundational in modern thinking whether one agrees or not. 🤷‍♂️ And that you went with five dialogues, instead of the Republic. Great list either way. 👍

Id also recommend “Candide” by Voltaire; definitely reveals a lot of the historical-context of the pre-Enlightenment to Enlightenment period, and also shows a lot of Voltaire’s satirical use of rhetoric to dog on religious (more strictly, theological) fanaticism, and social and political schemes. Very easy to read, not too obscure/cryptic in language.

Hey, while these are all really great recommendations, in our current time we know now that there have been many, many female philosophers who have influenced these writings and who have influenced philosophy as a whole to a greater degree than some of the people on this list. Sor Juana de la Cruz, Anne Conway, Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia, Hannah Arendt, Beauvoir, Emilie DuChatelet, Iris Murdoch, Damaris Masham, are all good examples, but for a more detailed look check out both the wiki page on female philosophers and this years Early Modern Philosophy edited by Lisa Shapiro and Marcy P. Lascano.

For a lecture series on Kant. There is Robert Paul Wolff avaliable on RU-vid.

I would include Kierkegaard's Either/Or to balance the language philosophy of the Vieñna Circle. Analytic philosophy doesn't have the tools to answer the question what is the role of the self in the organization of experience. As the founder of existentialism, Kierkegaard highlights the problematic nature of choice. He is linked to Aristotle through teleological explanation by highlighting Christianity as the goal of the ethical life. He taught us the inescapable regret built into every life decision . K links to Dante as well in his exaltation of the Christian life. He traffics with both classic literature, history and theology.

You have helped me has a 15 year old getting in to philosophy.

Big fan of the logical positivism slander👍

Great picks

What I think is really cool about Plato is that he explains his philosophies in the form of stories that are clear and easy to understand in comparison to Aristotle. And the early dialogues are not only telling of the philosophies of Plato and his famous teacher, but they are also essentially biographical of Socrates! So, you're getting not only a whole bunch of very rich philosophical ideas, but you are also getting a really cool history lesson!

I would suggest Nagarjuna's Madhyamakakarika. He talks about zeroism. He resembles kant 2000 years ago. He wrote poetically. Such a masterpiece

As someone who got into philosophy very early in life, early teens, and went on to get a degree my suggestion is a good compilation like Durant’s. It’s not a new book but a classic in its own. Getting a history of philosophy is in my opinion a much more accessible way to contextualize it more than anything and understanding the influences these men (yes largely men) had on one another and the broader world of ideas. If anything grabs you then allow yourself to read a little more about them. Go slow, there is more to be gleaned from reading and rereading philosophers in the same tradition if you can.

I've had the privilege of joining some hi-level philosophy groups and studying with professors of philosophy formally and informally. I've also been part of philosophy enthusiast groups. While I enjoyed both, there was a world of difference between the two. As much as possible study with someone with training in philosophy.

Thank you. I have found my niche

As a first touching point with philosophy I can recommend Sophies World. Its quite easy to read and summarises many important philosophers and their thoughts.

Also consider reading Ayer's short article entitled "What I saw when I was dead."

I'm currently reading Summa Theologica by St. Thomas Aquinas. Later I'm going to read Plato.

To put all of this and more in perspective, I found Walter Kaufmann"s Critique of Religion and Philosophy most insightful.

Critique of pure reason was the hardest book Iv ever read. I’m still not 100% sure I actually understood what the hell I read, but the things I know I did understand I now practice and it inspired me enough to go back to school. I don’t know if I’d call it beginner but I’d call it essential

I could quibble about a couple of choices, but overall I like the list. I had a professor claim to have written his dissertation on a single paragraph of Aristotle. I'm starting to think such claims are like our grandparents telling us that everyday they walked 10 miles to school uphill, and then walked back home -- also uphill. By the way, I can barely read Hume, Kant, Spinoza, or Hegel -- so I don't. I think for those interested in the history of analytic philosophy, the natural starting point is Frege and Russell, but to understand where they are coming from, then also British Idealism, which was informed by German Idealism -- but they are not the same.

Excellent video

Great video i have been considering reading the Plato dialogues, you might’ve sold me on them! Also, question!!! I thrifted a copy of the myth of Sisyphus + other essays by Camus recently but I don’t have a strong philosophy foundation. I’m not sure if I should jump into it or get a better basis of absurdism first? Any recommendations would be appreciated thank you!!

It would be great if you do a similar video but talking about ethics!

Everyone should read: Kant - What is Enlightenment? Plato - The Republic Plato - Parmenides Spengler - Man & Technics Hegel - Philosophy of Right

I am doing my last year in high school right now-I’ll be studying philosophy as a major in Zürich next year (unless something goes terribly wrong). Videos like these help me because, while I am very interested in philosophy as a whole, the way it is taught by my teacher can only be described as an insult to the field. The man is an egocentric fool, he explains philosophers to us with no care for accuracy, always using their ideologies to put forward his own opinions, and we never read an actual text with him. This means that I find myself quite lost in the scene of philosophical literature, not yet having read any philosopher that I supposedly studied (I got a start on the Symposium and on Thus Spoke Zarathustra, for no particular reason other than that I got them for my birthday). So, yeah, thank you again :) I love that youtube can be a resource for learning; it might not be able to replace school, but it sure gives me some useful advice on what to do while my teacher is tragically incompetent :/ I wish everyone who read this a good day (or night, depending on when you are), stay safe and stay hydrated ;)

I took a class on Heidegger's Being and Time and it was the most difficult philosophy book I have ever read (and I've read Hegel). I think a beginner would get little to no value from some of these recommendations, and might be discouraged from learning philosophy. It's like taking someone who has never done math before and recommending calculus.

I hope you do recommended philosophy books for beginners. 😊

I am new to Reading Philosophic books... (Actually books in General 😅)... I started with "Thus spoke Zarathustra" by Nietzsche which took me like 2 or weeks or so (and I read at least an hour each day) it was very hard to read for me, but very interesting (even though its not a "classical" philosophical book). And I am struggling very much with Kant, so I am glad I am not the only one 😅. And as a native german speaker I can only agree that he has a very troublesome german. Hegel however is quite funny to me (at least the First Pages I looked into), because he writes very "cerebral" 😅

As a philosophy teacher in Brazil, my list is a bit different. Plato, Aristotle and Descartes are the same... But I'd sugest Malebranche "The Search after the Truth" Spinoza's "On Improvement of the Understanding"; Kant's "Logic"; Hegel's "Aesthetics"; Adorno's "Minima Moralia"; Foucault's "Discipline and Punish". I had good experience teaching about those. Not easy to read but nevertheless, formative. I'd suggest other ones I personally enjoy, but they can get quite obscure.

You can get most (if not all) philosophy books for free online in various formats. I like PDF because it gives you a lot options for note taking, etc.

Дякую! Дуже цікаве та корисне відео!

I think those works of plato are good, but a more complete selection would be to add the republic and gorgias. Republic is going to give the platonic idea of justice and why we should be just, which many philosophers comment on, and gorgias distinguishes rhetoric from philosophy/logic and it's importance in protecting yourself from rhetoric.

For the Pre-Socratics Oxford World's Classics has a good compilation titled The First Philosophers.

1) Write in your books. Underline, question , answer back. A half empty page?---use it. 2) In twenty years are you going to be able it pick up that box containing all your journals? 3) Pay attention to language. 4) Have at least a few books that you are not reading but just dipping into now and then. 5) This last point is the most important.

I'd love to hear your thoughts about The Kybalion and hermetic philosophy

A very good beginner book is "philosophy and cosmovision" by Mario Ferreira dos Santos. Unfortunately, the book is only available in portuguese and the lastest edition of the book isn't so good. Mario is, according to many people and a great brazilian philosopher, the greatest brazilian philosopher of all times, although he has been forgotten even by ourselves.

“The Philosophy Book: From the Vedas to the New Atheists” 2016 by Gregory Bassham. 527 pages, oversized book with many illustrations. A much easier and broader look at 2500 years of thinkers in one-page nutshells.

Great list - I would personally add Nagarjuna as well. It’s a bit difficult but no one has written more elegantly on phenomenology in my opinion.

Hegel's Science of Logic I read it now. Its difficult but cool.

As a casual armchair philosophy reader, I’m so glad to hear an educated reader of philosophy to say Hegel and Kant are hard.

I obviously understand the decision to include Kant, but as an introduction I think that's a choice that is going to turn a lot of people off from philosophy. I'd probably replace it with Mill's On Liberty. Otherwise fantastic list and all excellent suggestions.

The critique of pure reason is an absolute nightmare to read I’m so glad you opened up your opinion with “DIS BOOK HARD AF”

I wouldn't recommend starting with Critique of Pure Reason the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics is more accessible and a lot shorter really helped me get the bigger picture of Critique of Pure Reason

I agree with you about Virtue ethics and the move away from said subject!! Maybe they lack the courage!

Intriguing. Good recommendations. Commenting for algo boost as well. What is Wittgenstein saying? Well, he's saying and demonstrating that he is socially incompetent, inept and slightly, just slight post-modern but not enough that he can be considered or be rightfully called one. Positivism and the consensus is that it's kind of morally or ethically unfeasible and questionable at most. Nice to have Ayer here as well. I'm not gonna deny that Wittgenstein is intelligent, but socializing and speech goes hand in hand with language. In regards to Heidegger, some called him a Noughtsee sympathizer or a faschizt which I have no words why. I just thought it would be interesting to bring up. He's good though. I'd add The Republic for good measure.

To your point of Hume at 4:40 I would say Hume is one of the founding intellectuals that in later centuries turned into British 20th century figures like GEMoore, Bertrand Russell etc.

Wanted to get your opinion of Mortimer Adler's book "Six Great Ideas" Looks like a good intro to basic ideas.

This man really recommended reading Husserl as a beginner to philosophy. I encountered Husserl in a course - so with instruction from a professor - and I still hardly understood anything. I for sure wouldn't put that on a beginner's list.

Just buy used copies of the books in the video and just put them in your shelf. People will be impressed when they see it, they'll think, "Wow he reads such deep books he must be so smart." Make sure to read a few Wikipedia article summaries of the book in case they ask you about them.

Heidegger is impossible to read for an undergrad. But he did teach at on of my schools. Freiburg.

very interesting list, and while they are for sure all "classics," I'm far from certain they, certainly in whole, are appropriate for beginners. I have three types of observation. 1. would maintain a firewall between continentalism and most everything else on your list not Heidegger. the forms of argumentation are soooo different (ok Wittgenstein is Sui generis). I'd have two lists therefore, with Heidegger, Neitsche, Camus, Ricour... and a second that looks more like you list above. 2) some of these texts are either good in part, and or nearly impenetrable, e.g., good luck to the new reader without the guide of a good commentary to dissect Kant's transcendental deduction, or, parts of Hume are brilliant, on sense and causation, others much less impactful. 3. I would try to pick a few topics that are both central and interesting, and then effectively a virtual anthology. here are a few targeted thoughts (I confess a Parfitian bias - he supervised my D.Phil and well.. I find his work fascinating and well written). 1. logical positivism (not easy going but its central) - selections from CPR on analytic/synthetic and synthetic a priori -Selections from Ayer - Quine, two dogmas 2. solipsism/private language --wittgenstein , phil investigation sections-ish 256 and etc -kripke - wittgenstein on rules and private language 3. skepticism --plato allegory of cave hume, treatise sections on causation and induction --decartes, the cogito 4. personal identity -- lives of Theseus, Plutarch Theseus' paradox -Reasons and Persons, Part III 5. Thomas Nagel, View from nowhere 6. Moral and political - parfit, on what matters, vol 1 parts 2 and 3 - Rawls, a theory of justice 7. just because its a great puzzle, Newcombs problem by nozick. not saying I have the topics or selections perfect, but if I were to introduce someone to philosophy not to cover the classics per se, but to show them the problems to wrestle with written in a compelling, targeted and at least arguably accessible if only because of keeping the most inaccessible bits to a minimum, this would be my list -

Excellent video.

When you say “read a little bit” what is your process on how to determine the best passages to read and those to omit? I recently finished John Locke’s Second book of Essay Concerning Human Understanding. The version I own is Dover 2 Vol. set. It contains copious amounts of footnotes (many of which are great in themselves) but the first volume I basically read word for word. Every page. This left me feeling like I could have spent those hours diversifying and my into others like Hume. However I also have this “completionist” mindset about many things in life, not just reading. I would love to hear your feedback! Thanks for the good video.

Ever heard of A.F. Chalmer's "What is this thing called science?" Blew my mind open especially in light of recent "scientism" claims.

I dont know, Kant, Heidegger, and Wittgenstein are not beginner friendly. The Greeks are probably the best place to start for primary sources, but usually, I'd recommend some secondary, introductory sources. Or, better yet, secondary sources as a companion to primary sources

Some crazy hard books there. Anyone not doing a philosophy major might do well to just concentrate on the first three books and read them thoroughly.

Many thanks and also to the erudite and informative commenters. In truth I have learned that I know only one thing - how little I know! It is so helpful to have this kind of guidance as to where to start.

Thank you for this insightful video! I’m still in high school and I’ve been researching philosophy more in depth for around a year now. I’m interested in learning philosophy to an academic degree but I know majoring in philosophy might not be possible for me; do you have any advice on pursuing philosophy academically? Are taking philosophy classes without studying specifically in the field of philosophy as pertinent? Is it possible to “become a philosopher” without years of in depth study(masters/doctorate degree)? Higher education is very expensive and my parents simply don’t value philosophy whatsoever, I just don’t want to dismiss my ambitions and dreams due to my parent’s negation. Thank you!

Kayan Kollyn: the spiral of the ellmott & messenger of the secret 😮😮😮😮 One of the great fantasy adventure saga book series ❤❤❤ 😊😊 Waiting for your review

To the uninitiated, me, what is logical positivism and why should "logical positivism be avoided at all costs"? Maybe a future video is pending. I'm glad I found this channel, subscribed, and am looking forward to becoming initiated.

Hi Jared. I have a couple questions. As a math guy, I am very curious about Pythagoras. I know he did not write anything, but can you recommend good reading on his philosophy? I also wonder how you feel about studying the western cannon in relatively chronological order?

I agree and disagree with all the comments that disagree. I agree because it’s probably best to start with books explaining Philosophy and it’s trajectory like Sophie's World (even history of western philosophy is easy to understand just dense). On the other hand, Philosophy is challenging and always is, even when you are an expert (coming from someone who is not an expert). You have to jump in the deep end eventually.

Philosophy is awesome!

Thanks ....

I think some of these recommendations are excellent, but I think others are inappropriate in a list for beginners. The Critique of Pure Reason is essential for a dedicated student of philosophy, but for a beginner I think the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics would be a better place to start. Also, I don’t think Heidegger belongs on any list for beginners. I would replace Being and Time with Bertrand Russels’ A History of Western Philosophy and his Problems of Philosophy. I read the latter in high school and it led me to a long life of reading philosophy!