In the modern European era, medieval logic is replaced with new directions, motivated by an increased interest in systematizing reasoning. A prominent thinker in this direction is G. Leibniz, who applied his genius to, among many other things, the idea of a computing device and language that might allow systematic, even mechanical reasoning. In the 18th century, Euler, Lambert and Ploucquet introduced diagrams for representing logical relations.
And then in the 19th century we move to more dramatic developments, largely due to the work of De Morgan and George Boole. We include some original work by Boole himself to get a sense of his thinking. This is when mathematics first intrudes on classical logic, presenting an algebraic approach to Aristotle's syllogisms, while both expanding the subject and restricting its interpretation to binary possibilities.
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6 сен 2024
