Acids, bases, and salts are fundamental categories of chemical compounds that exhibit distinct properties and reactions.
Acids
Properties:
Taste sour (like vinegar or lemon juice).
Turn blue litmus paper red.
Conduct electricity in aqueous solutions.
React with metals to produce hydrogen gas.
React with bases to form water and salt in a neutralization reaction.
Examples:
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): Found in stomach acid.
Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄): Used in car batteries.
Acetic Acid (CH₃COOH): Gives vinegar its sour taste.
Bases
Properties:
Taste bitter and feel slippery.
Turn red litmus paper blue.
Conduct electricity in aqueous solutions.
Neutralization Reaction
When an acid reacts with a base, they neutralize each other, forming water and a salt. For example:
pH Scale
The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14
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26 сен 2024
