In this Video we Cover,
1. Quality control of drugs of natural origin - Adulteration of drugs of natural drugs (crude drugs)
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DEFINITION :-
Adulteration :-
The term adulteration is defined as substituting original crude drug partially or wholly with other similar-looking substances. The substance, which is mixed, is free from or inferior in chemical and therapeutic property.
Conditions of Adulteration
1. Inferiority (Inferiority refers to any substandard drug)
2. Spoilage (spoilage is due to the attack of microorganisms.)
3. Deterioration (Deterioration is impairment in the quality of drug)
4. Admixture (admixture is addition of one article to another due to ignorance or carelessness or by accident.)
5. Sophistication (Sophistication is the intentional or deliberate type of adulteration. Substitution occurs when a totally different substance is added in place of original drug.)
Types of Adulteration
1.. Intentional Adulteration or Direct Adulteration
i). Adulteration by Superficially Similar Looking but Inferior Natural Substance
Substitution of the original drug by superficially similar cheaper natural substance. Indian dill with European dill or caraway.
ii). Substitution by exhausted drug
Same drug is used again after removing/extraction out the medicinally active constituents. Practice is most common in case of costly drug such as case volatile oil containing drug (clove and fennel). Examples are Balsam of tolu devoid of cinnamic acid. After extraction, saffron and red rose petals are recolored by artificial dyes.
iii). Adulteration / Substitution by artificially manufactured substance
Substance are prepared/manufactured in such a way so that it look similar in appearance with the original drug and these artificially manufactured substance are than used for adulteration. Examples are ergot adulterated with flour dough molded in correct size, Artificial invert sugar for honey.
iv). Adulteration by the addition worthless heavy material/toxic material
Drugs are also adulterated by the addition of worthless heavy material or the material that would be toxic in nature. Piece of lime stone in Asafoetida, Mentanil Yellow in Turmeric powder,
v). Addition of synthetic principles
Using synthetic drugs/chemicals are used to enhance natural character, market and therapeutic value. Examples, Citral are added to citrus oils (like lemon oil and orange oil)
2.. Indirect/Unintentional (Accidental) Adulteration:-
Occurs without bad intention of the manufacturers or suppliers. Some times in the absence of proper means of evaluation, an authentic drug partially or fully devoid of the active ingredients may enter the market.
i) Faulty collection
ii) imperfect preparations
iii) incorrect storage
Queries :-
Quality control of drugs of natural origin
Adulteration of drugs of natural drugs
pharmacognosy 4th semester,
Adulteration
types of adulteration
methods of adulteration
direct adulteration
intentional adulteration
indirect adulteration
unintentional adulteration
meaning of adulteration
aduleration of drug
adulteration of crude drug
reasons of adulteration
condition of aduleration
detection of adulteration
examples of adulteration
test of adulteration
quality control of drug
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#adulteration
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Carewell Pharma
27 апр 2021
