AFGHANISTAN - INTERESTING INFORMATION / AFGHANISTAN / افẖانستان / INTERESTING WORLD 

AFGHANISTAN - INTERESTING INFORMATION / AFGHANISTAN / افẖانستان / INTERESTING WORLD
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Afghanistan (Pashto افغانستان, Dari افغانستان), the official name is the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (Pashto د افغانستان اسلام يمهوریت, Dari جمهوری اا ی ی в в вي The population (estimate 2018) is 31.575 million people, the territory is 652 864 km². The capital is Kabul. The state languages ​​are Pashto and Dari. Unitary state, presidential republic. On September 29, 2014, Ashraf Gani Ahmadzai took the presidency. It borders with Iran in the west, Pakistan - in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan - in the north, the PRC - in the easternmost part of the country, and India (more precisely, the territory of Jammu and Kashmir contested by India) in the east. Afghanistan is a country with an ancient history. The first people appeared on the territory of Afghanistan at least 5,000 years ago, and the rural communities of this region were among the first in the world. It is assumed that one of the Iranian religions, Zoroastrianism, originated on the territory of modern Afghanistan Turkestan between 1800 and 800 years BC. e., and Zarathushtra lived and died in Balkh. The ancient Eastern Iranian languages, such as the Avesta language, were spoken in this region during the heyday of Zoroastrianism. By the middle of the 6th century BC, the Achaemenids incorporated Afghanistan into their Persian empire. In the VII century, the modern territory of western Afghanistan was conquered by the Arabs, who brought their culture and new religion - Islam. However, Islam finally became established only in the 10th century, when the region became part of the Samanid empire. The current flag is adopted in 2004. The image of the flag is a vertical black-red-green tricolor, in the center of which (in the middle of the red line) is the state emblem of Afghanistan. Black color symbolizes the historical past - the fight against the British colonialists, red - the blood shed for freedom, green - the traditional color of Islam. Islam is the dominant religion - it is professed by more than 99% of the population. In the country, the most common is Sunnismkhanafi madhhab; up to 19% of the population are Shiites. Population - 34.1 million (estimate for 2017) Afghanistan is a multinational state. Its population consists of various ethnic groups belonging to different language families - Iranian, Turkic, and others. According to the Constitution of Afghanistan, the population includes at least 14 ethnic groups. According to a survey conducted by The Asia Foundation in 2012, the number of Pashtuns is 26% of the population, Tajiks - 47%, Hazaras - 11%, Uzbeks - 9%. Less numerous ethnic groups - aimaks, Turkmen, Baloji, etc.
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