Original Video by Alan's team: • Animation vs. Physics Please check the crowdsourced version that includes more details and background information provided by other viewers. • All Physics in Animati...
At 16:35 the closed-caption currently reads "A photon is composed of..." when it's describing a proton. Not a big deal, but since it's in the captions, is there a way to fix it post-release?
_Are TSC-1, TSC, TSC+1 and everyone else the same person?_ I believe that all the TSCs are the same person, even though it only looks like TSC-1, TSC, and TSC+1 are the only same people, and that the others (TSC-2, TSC-inf, TSC+2, TSC+inf) are different people from other universes. The singularity connects multiple universes, so it connects multiple TSCs with different consciousnesses but are technically the same people in different time periods inside (TSC, TSC-1, TSC-2, etc.) AND outside (TSC+1, TSC+2, etc.) the singularity. _Who came to singularity "first"?_ I also believe that nobody was a true "first" to the singularity. The others TSCs came from other universes, right? If we're talking about TSCs in the same universe, then the future TSC (TSC-1) definitely "arrived first" even though he had already been there from the previous time loop. But that's the intuitive answer. Come to think of it, they "arrived" at the same time in the same universe, as TSC-1 seems to come out of nowhere (although we know he came from a different universe) already standing in the singularity, and TSC has just finished falling from the inner horizon. _How did he do it without help?_ TSC always had help from a future TSC in every single universe. Imagine TSC+inf, he would've received help from TSC+inf-1. There is no universe that he made it all the way to the black hole without help. And even if there is, it would be a totally different reality. _Is it destined for TSC to safely arrive singularity?_ TSC is living in a universe without freewill, as he is stuck in a big Bootstrap and Predestination Paradox. Therefore, yes. _Will we make it? Or did we make it?_ I don't think this question is answerable rn....
In case someone didn't catch it, when TSC waves his cowboy hat while riding a rocket into the black hole, it's an homage to the ending of the movie "Doctor Strangelove". Also, I'm surprised there were no references to spherical cows (unless I missed it). They even had a cowboy hat to go with it.
Y'know, I'm pretty proud of myself for correctly identifying most parts of the video when first I watched it on Alan's channel. Like, I knew I enjoyed physics, but the fact I could at least semi-accurately identify every concept before it was stated on screen (up until the string-theory section) despite having zero physics education outside of one semester in high-school years ago, makes me happy :D I will say, though, that I didn't learn the majority of this in school. Sure, I learned the basics about gravity, velocity, magnetism, so on and so forth, but being able to identify a linear particle accelerator visually does not fall under the "basics" 😅 Having an inquisitive mind willing to ask questions, and having unlimited access to the collective knowledge of our civilization in my pocket is what did that. It's a shame so many people get put off by (or are simply satisfied with) the incomplete education they're given in school, and proceed to stop actively learning :/ That's why I love stuff like this - it makes learning fun, and might even convince you to ask questions you didn't have the words for before!
Another two errors I think there are are that the rocket thrust should be constant, not accelerating just because of the speed boosts, and that the relativistic speed boosts should decrease and change the speed relatively rather than absolutely. Also another person pointed out that blueshifted light sources should be much brighter than redshifted ones. And the torch also seems useless to me, like it's only there to stuff in some demonstrations of light physics
@@TheBakingYeast true, and there are plenty of moments where the physics falls apart slightly to make a more coherent narrative, but in that moment the ship and orange are already going so fast that the minor speed boost of the rocket would not make as much of a difference.
Just remember the fact that this is made by an animation team known for minecraft animations... Yes, a game instead of educations. (Also it's very funny how this animation was the result of a lead animator being a nerd positively lol) (Also the ending, i assume, might be a time paradox by the fact it loops itself over)
i loved the breakdown! I am a physics enthusiast even though i am in medical field. I would love to pursue higher physics study someday. Something i take from this video is 'we were The Gods all along'. I loved your work, seems like you have a very deep knowledge and i appreciate it, This video needs more views :) .
Very veryyy nice explanation.. The things about black hole's theories of that video.. I couldn't relate myself with that as I didn't know the theories.. Now you told these,explained it and now I can undestand the story completely.. thanks a LOT!! but I still can't understand How can anyone relate himself with these and made a story out of it?!.. Alan becker is a GENIUS!!! HE MADE ME CURIOUS ABOUT THIS..
@@anybodyk3524 Lead animator who did the scriptwriting for the Animation VS Education videos Alan says more about it in the pinned comments and descriptions
"will we make it? Or did we make it?" I never thought of it that way before, man what if we really can travel through black holes and we see TSC experiences itd be the most ground breaking human discovery of life itself, WERE TALKING ABOUT THE POSSIBLE IMPLICATION OF TIME TRAVEL THROUGH A BLACK HOLE, i mean its all still theoretical im sure as hell not gonna live long enough to see the day we enter black holes and either exit out of another galaxy or change the fabric of literal time and history itself...and i guess thats where the "what if we did make it" comes in, what if we're already experiencing the timeline where we went into a black hole and being guided through our future selves, hints and and what not... GOD WHY IS SPACE SO COOL AND SO MIND NUMBING
"Will we make it?" actually i did but i'm pretending you all are different people and not alternative interpretations of me so i'm not sent back to the mental hospital
ooohh yeah, i forgor about that, every time there is *work* done by orange in some way, its also labeled orange too. You are also the first person ive seen actively mention it
1) likely a visual design choice so we can see inside stuff 2) 3) Don’t know. Like the math one, sometimes I am not sure whether it is a visual choice or scientific accuracy. Finding the balance is difficult.
1)Because objects appear bigger from inside the inner horizon. 3) type 2 multiverse with different physical constants from mark tegmark's classifications.
@@dibbidydoo4318 could you please explain further 3)? I have been reading about types of superstring theories (too technical), I can see that he will go to IIB from I but what will happen exactly?
@@laitraptrensonga7366It's likely that TSC-1 became TSC-2, then became TSC-3, and so on eternally. It functions as an actual "multiversal" time loop. The mode that he switched to is probably to go back to the same "place" (the singularity) and not to drop somewhere else (e.g. above TSC+1's head, which would, btw, break causality and create a timeline branch). So to answer #3, he might've went to the singularity's "past", which is also the "future" of other TSCs in the other timelines. In fact, I believe that TSC-, TSC, and TSC+ are the same person and that TSC-2 appeared as a ghost while rewinding time because the cylinder was spinning. TSC-2 even waved back as if he was interacting with TSC (idk about that part).
@@JustAnotherCommenter I thought of a solution, because moving along the cylinder would create a CTC, so the TSC- would become the TSC at the start of the video, falling from the sky like the ropes, so an infinite loop with a finite numbers of TSC. But where would the cowboy hat be and can switching the string theory break the loop, bring TSC into another universe?
I wrote the following in the original video, and I wanna add on below this (will be quite long): "This feels like the plot for the infamous Interstellar. Below are spoiler: Both have their main protagonist went into the blackhole, but instead of dying, they discovered something that's unknown to current science. While during those discoveries, they realised everything that happened in the past does indeed get interfered by some unknown being, and those being ended up to be themselves. Despite with the paradox of Information Loop, they closed the circle while didn't break the rules cuz guess what, informations in theory can't escape blackhole." As I mentioned, we know that this essentially causing the time loop paradox, The Bootstrap Paradox, The Grandfather Paradox, or those who watched Loki it's the Ouroboros Paradox or whatever. But, since we don't know much about Blackhole, and even Kurzgesagt have a video about information paradox caused by blackholes.... Welp, paradox counters paradox I guess.
21:45 the modes of the wormhole are the types of universes that superstring theory allows, plus the model described by supergravity. these first 5 models are all possible candidates to be our universe, if we wish to describe it with superstrings, while the remaining supergravity model is composed of "branes", rather than superstrings, amongst other key differences, such as number of dimensions needed to be described. supergravity allows 10 space dimensions and 1 time, while the superstring models allow 9 space and 1 time. however, it's possible to approximate any given model to another with a few tricks. for instance, we can take one of the space dimensions of supergravity and "compactify" it by curling it into itself to form a really small circle. after this, we lose one space dimension, and the branes start behaving like superstrings, specifically like the ones described by superstring theory, specifically the IIA model. many such "dualities" have been found that connect all 6 models to each other. these dualities allow to transform hard calculations in one model into easy calculations in another. these models have allowed to describe cool stuff like the entropy of a black hole (in perfect agreement with hawking radiation's formulas) and the AdS/CFT correspondence (i.e: certain types of universes can be described as holograms of their surfaces). it's unclear which of these models describes our universe, they're all candidates. M theory is a model based on the idea that the dualities suggest that these models are all approximations of a grander, more general model. formalizing M theory has proven to be really really hard.
I think the TSC's placing the objects through the wormhole weren't different ones but it is TSC- who was rewinding and we are just seeing how he helped TSC get there. Since TSC- rewound everything he stopped on himself (TSC-) before he entered the blackhole and lured himself him with the apple so TSC can repeat the porcess for TSC-². (I think). My thing is when TSC repeats this process for TSC-² will they see TSC interacting with TSC- when he rewinds the wormhole? Ohhh and before TSC- jumps in the wormhole he basically saying "see you space cowboy" 😂
11:07 - 11:10 - another (now major) flaw. Magnets are permanent, aren't they supposed to slow the TSC's rocket when he passes through it? On the other side polarity should attract the back of the rocket thus slowing the rocket, but it didn't.
Where did TSC, the one who left from the wormhole go to? Who are all the people before that came that made the accelerator, the magnets? I assume they are all just points in the past, present, and future. I don’t think there are other universes.
Question, in the magnetic flux part, does tsc suppose to speed up there? Becuase after it went in, should the magnetic force attract to each other after it pass ring? The back side of the rocket is red while the left side of the ring is blue. So if it supposedly attract each other then does that mean tsc's velocity should decrease of the attraction?
Hey! Great question! The animation didn't show it precisely but I found you a video to demonstrate the idea by changing the distances between the rings: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-iyv9GhaITNE.html
1:55 - I agree, there is a no horizontal force (didn't even notice before). Also the vertical force should change. Imho, the vectors just present the velocity components. 6:12 - here, "F" is also mistakenly used to call the velocity. There is no force perpendicular to the rope. 7:57 - I didn't even notice :D
i watched the original. Watched your explanation. Still consider it 'magic'. Just because something is "disected" to mathematical symbols and theories doesn't mean it isn't magci ;) Ie. magnetic acceleration. I think there is no TSC1,2,3 etc - it is the same person traped in timeloop.
The cowboy hat isn't useless. During the star slingshot, TSC is shown waving his cowboy hat like a fan. It looks like he's fanning his way out of the star's gravity. Stars do have their own atmosphere, so this would make sense.
A lot can be debated in this regard, as I've seen many people say = many different things about this. However, I think it was him tilting his ship perpendicular to the star that actually changed his landing trajectory, not the hat movement, as the force added by the hat is negligible in the face of as large a gravitational force as a star.
@@moshimeshowu747 Considering that the spaceship's maximum acceleration was pretty low to begin with, it also is meaningless. It would also make sense to assume that the "Impact Imminent" trajectory accounted for the spaceship's thrust, and that the cowboy hat was just what it needed to get out of the sun's gravitational field.
What exactly happens at 3:43 ? I mean, he spins and the throw the ball, shouldn't he stay in place due to action and reaction being applied in the same body?
Doesn't 3:43 violate Newton first law? The only force acting on the system of TSC + ball is the normal force of the ground (no friction), which is perfectly balanced by the weight force. Since the sum of the forces is zero, TSC should not be able to move forward by just letting the ball go straight, actually he should feel recoil, move backwards and then stop when the string reaches the maximum length.
I think you're right? Idk Recoil probably should happen in frictionless because momentum transfer from the ball to TSC I mean TSC impart some momentum to forward direction. so, to conserve the total momentum of the system, it must have an equal and opposite momentum in the backward direction The recoil backwards should happen so it'll fit the result of the conservation of momentum I think. But yeah right after that the recoil completely overshadowed by TSC launching to forward
@@DevanRA Since the initial overall linear momentum is zero, the conservation of momentum should make the recoil and the ball momentum cancel out and make TSC+ball stay still.
@@thepiratepeter4630what TSC essentially did is converting angular momentum to linear momentum. So TSC is already gaining momentum the moment he swinging it
@@DevanRA TSC is not gaining momentum, the ball is. Also, if this was possible, why don't spaceships work that way? Once in space, you could just throw a ball repeatedly and gain momentum with just an electric motor and a solar pannel, no propellant needed.
I think the white flash in the beginning was the portal from Animation vs Math. I think that Euler tried to send TSC home but it instead sent him to the physics world.
I view the story of Animation vs. Physics as essentially a bootstrap paradox. The effects of the events of AvP's story are ultimately the events' own causes. The original Terminator film, when viewed outside the rest of it's franchise, is an example of a bootstrap paradox. Kyle Reese was sent back in time to save the mother of humanity's resistance leader before the titular machine can assassinate her, and Kyle ends up conceiving said resistance leader with this woman. The effects of the past are ultimately their own cause. Trying to trace these events back to a definitive origin point will trap you in this time loop, because this time loop has no specific cause which created it. Similarly, AvP is a time loop where TSC is a helped by a future version of themselves to reach where the future TSC is, who in turn, teaches the present TSC how to help their past self. It's a bootstrap paradox: the events are self-existing, nothing happened to cause them other than themselves.
I agree. I read this video's story as a boot strap paradox. A sign of a good boot strap paradox is that although the chain of events creates a single endless loop, no single object or person in the loop loops indefinitely. And I don't think anything in this video loops indefinitely. TSC himself enters the loop, loops around at least once to meet and supply his past self with stuff, and then leaves.
not only am i glad that alan becker is making animations that can be educational, but also that this person has explained both this video and the math video, making them easier to understand. you are making masterpieces of explanations, +1 sub
The modes at the end near the Einstein-Rosen bridge is a reference to the 5 types of superstring theory which are consistent with our observations of the universe. They arise as limiting conditions of M-theory. More on Ads/CFT correspondence: It states that 4+1 string theory in Ads space (empty universe with negative cosmological constant), including d-branes, is equivalent to Conformal Field Theory (supersymmetric yang-mills theories), more precisely QCD of the strong force. It is the most accepted proof of the holographic principle, which states that the most bits information in a space can be found by maximum number of bits on the boundary.
I don't agree that the cowboy hat is useless actually. In the sense of physics, yes, but as a visual aid, it is crucial. It allows us to see the way that TSC is facing when they are a 2d stick figure who you'd otherwise be unable to determine from
I’m fairly certain that the star system in the start is a reference to the TRAPPIST system. Both are systems with several earth-sized planets and a red dwarf at the center
I’m honestly flabbergasted on how simple and still accurate you were explaining this stuff especially Quantum physics ones. I honestly had no idea on most of them. And I have an opinion about the 2 TSC That’s there’s no TSC-2,TSC-3…and so one, I think the “first TSC” have placed those but at the same time I think there’s also No “first TSC” like since it’s an infinite loop it’s like thinking of a bunch of people sitting in a circle-shaped table, like it’s still going there’s no first or last, like they were placed already all of a sudden It’s still interesting to think we have a lot of questions and not answers and that’s what makes us keep going forward and sparking our curiosity Also you deserve better you made such a good video.
Near as I can tell, TSC-1, TSC, TSC+1, et al are all the same individual at different points in their single subjective timeline. The only universe they are seen altering is their own, meaning there would be no 'first' TSC who would have no help; TSC is the first to make the trip, and the last - all the assistance is retrocausal, provided to TSC by TSC (as TSC-2) while TSC (as TSC-1) observed, which ensures TSC arrives to observe as TSC-1 replicates TSC-2's actions and then departs, leaving TSC to repeat the loop for TSC+1 before himself departing as TSC+2 arrives. The entire timeline, in this scenario, would be effectively both self-generating and self-contained. To me, this seems suspiciously intuitive; quantum physics has never come this easily to me, and the fact that this concept does means I'm not sure if I took a short-cut somewhere in my reasoning. Then again, I'm probably wrong on some fundamental level I'm unaware of; my background isn't in physics but speculative fiction, where solutions only have to be inspired by the actual science rather than dependent on it. So what do I know?
Gravitational slingshots are just "additive" to your speed, but there's another cool effect at play: Oberth manoeuvres, which are multiplicative - since no matter what your speed, the fuel needed in a vacuum to add 1 m/s to your speed is the same, when TSC is very close to a planet and his speed is maximised for "free," his rocket's fuel adds a lot more kinetic energy! Since the gravitational slingshot also counts, it's known as a powered slingshot. Also a nice thought: if you think of it in terms of a stable time loop (because there's time travel), you can see it as there being only one TSC! He helps himself and then goes on to his next adventure :) Very good video, thanks!
2:55 its probably referencing the old "frictionless ice floor" science problems in schools. you know, the "assuming that there is no friction on the surface" or smth like that
There is no cut-off between X-ray wavelength and gamma ray, both can exist at the same wavelength. The only differentiation is the source they originated from. X-rays are produced by the sudden acceleration of electron charges, and gamma rays come from accelerated nuclear charges. X-ray vs gamma is just a naming convention, the light particles at a given wavelength are indistinguishable.
also at 7:03 him putting on the hat and bumping the rocket with his legs is a reference to horse riding, as that's exactly what you do on a horse to tell it to speed up
Thank you so much for your work explaining everything! It was very interesting, esp since I know almost 0 about string theory other than that it exists lol Very thought provoking questions at the end there! I'll let you know if I find answers XD
There is a mistake in the magnetic coil acceleration part, According to the video, The magnetic fields of the coil and the rocket ship, They are polar opposites, however, when TSC passes through the coil his speed should Decelerate as after he passes the coils the opposites in the magnetic fields line up, so according to that logic, the speed should stay the Same, however there is a way to make the illustration of the video possible, when TSC was travelling through the coil, he should have deactivated his magnet, and so his speed would accelerate, repeat the process and the video becomes more accurate.
The part where you said that their first mistake appears to be, it appears it’s analyzing different forces and how they act on two dimensional plane; only possible in inaccuracy might be the horizontal force not degrading slightly as the next scene would indicate friction is playing a part of that example. I had struggled in physics, so this observation may be wrong; however, there are two different models/lenses to view physics through, one through algebra, and the other calculus.
1:54 no actually there is.....focus on the previous few seconds...the ball is thrown with an angle...it follows newton third law, when the ball is thrown into the ground at an angle, it applies a force on the ground....the ground also applies equal and opposite force resulting it to move forward with the same angle(laws of reflection).... If i i am wrong please tell me....i am a 12 th class student...and i want to learn
@@ron与数学 yes you are right...well I had tried to solve the fun questions that you have given..the first one was quiet challenging....the answer came out to be 238.49 J (if total energy loss is calculated) and 125.44 J ( if only potential energy loss is calculated). The answer to the second question is quiet simple, yes the angles are same in all the cases as collision follows the laws of reflection.
At 5:33, two things. 1. TSC pulls down on the ball while inside the slope, giving it way more starting kinetic energy than shown. The ball should not stop at the top, but should continue to slide away from TSC due to the added energy he added. 2.TSC is already inside the slope so he will experience less acceleration than the ball. If the ramp was a flat line, then they both would accelerate at the same rate. Once TSC reaches the bottom the ball will slowly start to close the gap and run over him, well before he reaches the rope also due to the first error. You can think of it like a rollar coaster about to go down the drop, the front car really wants to go and is pulling the rest of the carts, but because it is already within the slope it has less velocity at the end and needs to be 'pushed' by the rear carts to make it over the hill.
