What is ALOPECIA AREATA, what are the risk factors and triggers? How is it treated?
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In this week's video, I will be talking about alopecia areata triggers & Treatments.
It is a unique type of hair loss with a very characteristic appearance.
What exactly is alopecia areata? How is it diagnosed? Who are at risk of getting it? And how can it be treated?
Watch till the end to learn more about it.
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I have previously talked about male pattern hair loss in my other video.
If you are interested in watching that video, click on the top right of your screen now.
This is alopecia areata. These are all pictures showing different forms and extent of alopecia areata. It is otherwise known as autoimmune alopecia.
The body of these patients produces immune cells that actually causes the destruction of hair follicles.
The exact mechanism is not yet fully understood.
Clinically, the bald patch will look pinkish and smooth with very fine thin hair surrounding it.
And if you examine the fine hair surrounding the patch of hair loss with a dermatoscopy or magnifier - you may see exclamation mark hair where there is thinning of the stalk of the hair near to the follicle.
This hair loss disease may affect any part of our body with hair. The most common areas include the scalp and the eyebrow.
Most cases are mild, where you see only less than 5 spots on the scalp.
However in severe cases, you may have
A) alopecia totalis : where nearly all the hair on the scalp is lost ( this is seen in about 5% of the cases ) OR
B) alopecia Universalis: where all the hair on the entire body is lost. Fortunately, this occurs in less than 1% of the cases.
Occasionally, it can involve the nails as well
Some patients may exhibit
- pitting
- ridging
- separation of the nail from the nail bed, known as onycholysis
The diagnosis of alopecia areata is usually a clinical one made by the doctor's examination.
What is the risk factor of getting alopecia areata?
Technically it can happen to anyone or everyone with a lifetime risk of about 1-2%.
However your chance of getting it is higher if
1) There is a positive family history. About 10-25% of patient has a family history of alopecia areata.
2) if you have other autoimmune diseases like celiac disease, thyroid disorders, vitiligo or rheumatoid arthritis.
3) or if you have allergic conditions like atopic eczema or allergic rhinitis.
We do know also that there are triggering factors that can provoke the onset of the hair loss like
- emotional or physical stress
- hormonal changes
- trauma
- viral infection
Is alopecia areata treatable?
The milder cases of alopecia areata tend to recover on their own.
It may take months to years before the hair on the bald patch gradually grow back again.
There are some ways to accelerate the hair regrowth.
Options include
1) topical minoxidil like minoxidil spray ( insert minoxidil amazon affiliate )
2) steroid treatment, either injection into the bald patch or topical application of steroid lotions. ( see if can insert steroid lotion )
In severe cases like alopecia totalis, application of immunotherapeutic agents on the affected area may be helpful.
Systemic treatment with oral or intravenous medications may be reserved only for patients with rapid and chronic hair loss that involves large areas of the body.
Oral steroids or even oral biologics have been explored.
However, recurrence rate for alopecia areata is very high - as high as 50%.
In some cases, the hair loss may be permanent.
Avoidance of stress may be helpful in reducing the recurrences. Click on the top right of your screen now to access my video on the top 10 ways to maintain a healthy mind to reduce your stress.
When all else fails, artificial hair such as wigs or hairpieces can be used to provide coverage
0:00 Intro
00:41 What is alopecia areata?
02:11 Risk factors of Alopecia areata
02:50 Treatment of Alopecia areata
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27 июл 2024
