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Links of other parts of arches of foot videos:
Arches of foot (Part - 2)/ Lateral Longitudinal Arch/ Anatomy - Structures & Maintenance Factors
• Arches of foot (Part -...
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Arches of Foot
The foot performs two major functions:
1. It acts as a pliable platform to support the body weight during standing position.
2. It acts as a lever to propel the body forward during walking, running, and jumping.
To fulfill the first function, the foot is designed in the form of elastic arches.
The arches of the foot are present right from birth, but due to the presence of excessive subcutaneous fat in the soles, they are not apparent (i.e., masked) during infancy and childhood.
• An arched foot is a distinctive feature of man, which distinguishes him from other primates.
Factors Maintaining the Arches of the Foot
The students can easily appreciate the factors maintaining the arches of the foot by applying the engineering device used to support a stone bridge. The devices used to support a stone bridge are :
1. Shape of stones.
2. Intersegmental ties (staples).
3. Slings.
4. Tie beams.
TYPES OF ARCHES
There are two types of arches of the foot-longitudinal and transverse.
1. There are two longitudinal arches in each foot: (a) medial (b) lateral.
2. There are a series of transverse arches in each foot. At the heads of metatarsals, the transverse arch is complete but posteriorly it forms a half dome, which is completed by its counterpart in the opposite foot. Thus, in the posterior part of the foot the transverse arch becomes complete
when the both feet are held close to each other.
Medial Longitudinal Arch
The medial longitudinal arch is formed by the calcaneum, talus, navicular, three cuneiforms, and medial three metatarsals.
Pillars
1. posterior pillar is formed by medial tubercle of the calcaneum
2. anterior pillar is formed by heads of the medial three metatarsals
Summit
- Superior articular surface of talus
Keystone
-Talus
Joints
The main joints of the medial longitudinal arch are talocalcaneonavicular and subtalar joints.
Factors Maintaining the Medial Longitudinal Arch
1. wedge shaped Bones
2. Intersegmental ties
(a) plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament) which provides dynamic support to the head of talus
(b) interosseous ligaments connecting the adjacent bones
3. Tie beam
(a) Medial part of the plantar aponeurosis
(b) Abductor hallucis
(c) Medial part of flexor digitorum brevis
(d)Tendon of Flexor hallucis longus (FHL)
(e) Medial part of the Tendon of Flexor digitorum longus (FDL)
(f) Medial part of the Tendon of Flexor hallucis brevis (FHB)
4. Slings
(a) Tendon of Tibialis anterior
(b) Tendon of Tibialis posterior
(c)Tendon of Flexor hallucis longus (FHL)
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Thank you
Smart Med Learn
Dr. Ankit Jain
MBBS, MS
28 авг 2024
