Between the Middle and New Kingdoms a foreign power called the Hyksos from Mesopotamia invaded and conquered parts of Egypt. This was resolved in the 16th c. BCE when the 17th and 18th Dynasties rose up and conquered their invaders. During the New Kingdom Egypt reached its height in terms of power and size.
One of the major changes to architecture during the New Kingdom was the abandonment of the use of pyramids for burial and the introduction of underground tombs to house the dead. Temple were still important for the worship of the god-king Pharaohs, so a new kind of temple called Mortuary Temples took the place of the pyramids as symbols of the pharaoh's divine power. The most radical change in Egyptian culture and art, also, arose during the New Kingdom. A Pharaoh called Akhenaten took the throne of Egypt and intorduced a new, monotheistic religion to the region. This deep and significant shift in religious and cultural practice shook Egyptian culture to it's core. And although the changes were short lived and ended with Akhenaten's rule, the art left behind from this era called the Amarna period demonstrates that Egyptian artists were allowed to break away from the norms of traditions if allowed to do so.
VOCABULARY LIST
This is a list of important vocabulary words for. The definition of many of these words can be found in the glossary of your textbook, Gardner's Art through the Ages. Make sure you are familiar with the meaning of all these words by the end of the chapter.
Rosetta stone
Hieroglyph
Heraldic grouping
Ka
Mastaba
Stepped pyramid
Column
Capital
Colonnade
Engaged column
Fresco Seco
Hypostyle
Sunken relief
Diorite
Pylon Temple
Clerestory
Canopic Jar
Amarna Period
Ashlar masonry
Nemes
Uraeus (Cobra) - Symbol of Lower Egypt
Vulture - Symbol Upper Egypt
Ashlar
2 июл 2024
