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Atomic Structure: Discovery of the Neutron 

Tyler DeWitt
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To see all my Chemistry videos, check out
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We know that there are protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. How was the neutron discovered? James Chadwick found that atoms of Boron, Beryllium and Lithium released neutrons when they are bombarded with alpha particles. These neutrons cause protons to be ejected from paraffin wax. Neutrons are not gamma rays, because they have to have a lot of mass in order to knock protons out of paraffin with such speed.

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27 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 423   
@tdewitt451
@tdewitt451 11 лет назад
Everything should seem like a piece of cake when you're first learning it. Why don't you want this basic information to be easy for students? I agree complex particle physics is hard. If a student understands the basics and likes it, they'll go on later to study the more complex details--maybe they'll become a particle physicist! But if they hate it when they first learn it because it's so impossible to understand, I guarantee they'll *never* learn more.
@hasankaiser4563
@hasankaiser4563 4 года назад
tyler why was it deemed the radiation was neutron
@shubham9a416
@shubham9a416 10 месяцев назад
You are not only a teacher but also the poor students' (like us) guide and motivation.
@gyan-vigyan-rcc
@gyan-vigyan-rcc 2 года назад
Love from INDIA by the help of Arijit daripa sir of Edu Point on RU-vid
@MaheshKota-wm8jk
@MaheshKota-wm8jk 2 месяца назад
haa , me bhi check karne aaya tha edupoint se :)
@AashaAgarwal-sr9lw
@AashaAgarwal-sr9lw Месяц назад
I f him
@tdewitt451
@tdewitt451 11 лет назад
Hey everyone, I'm here to help. If you have any questions or just want to learn more, click on the link in the description above. It'll take you to a page where you can ask me questions.
@JoseLucasRFiori
@JoseLucasRFiori 8 лет назад
OMG, I can learn more Chemistry and english, together, well done! Thanks!
@neelamsantlani2076
@neelamsantlani2076 3 года назад
Same with me
@chrish6780
@chrish6780 8 лет назад
I learn more in these than in school.
@lekhbhatia8185
@lekhbhatia8185 7 лет назад
ikr
@anaccount766
@anaccount766 6 лет назад
ikr than i need tutorials
@aaronnava9941
@aaronnava9941 4 года назад
It's because he's not boring. A lot of these teachers are boring af.
@ballistiklekent6541
@ballistiklekent6541 4 года назад
I feel it's more to do with the environment, your able to watch this at home or whenever you choose
@totalrecall1358
@totalrecall1358 4 года назад
@@ballistiklekent6541 ^ I agree
@johaovilcarino1559
@johaovilcarino1559 8 лет назад
You're sincerely the best when it comes to explaining, you should definitely replace my teacher. Thank you, we all really appreciate it. Keep doing what you're doing. Glad to have found your channel.
@khushisingh2163
@khushisingh2163 3 года назад
Still helpful in 2020 more than school or any teacher...❤️❤️ Thanks for being on RU-vid 😭😭
@DiptoSalam
@DiptoSalam 4 года назад
PLEASE START MAKING THIS CONTENTS AGAIN!❤️ When this video came out I was merely a baby! LOVE FROM BANGLADESH 🇧🇩 I now read in 11 th grade and I love chemistry.It is wonderful to know this awesome things living thousands of kilometres away from you.
@cheesecake7101
@cheesecake7101 8 лет назад
omygod i have a report of this tomorrow and u basically saved my life
@duanecsgo
@duanecsgo 3 года назад
lol
@XxelitebeautyxX
@XxelitebeautyxX 8 лет назад
So glad that I found your channel, by seeing your hands I can say that you was totally involved in teaching the stuff. Great tutor !
@nasreenmirza5712
@nasreenmirza5712 8 лет назад
you are the best chemistry teacher. thanks for these awesome videos.
@anuskasampath5652
@anuskasampath5652 11 лет назад
this was amazing , I've been reading the same information in my text for hours now and was not able to comprehend nearly as i did when i watched this video , i understood everything the first time looking at it , thank you so much for making it this easy ! looking forward for more videos :)
@raraoohlala1893
@raraoohlala1893 8 лет назад
I am so glad I found your channel. I was lost in class but you have given me hope.
@milindbebarta2226
@milindbebarta2226 8 лет назад
You're the best teacher by a good margin on RU-vid.
@valg6280
@valg6280 9 лет назад
Thank you so much for explaining this! You're tens times better at explaining things than my Chemistry teacher.
@coldcat021
@coldcat021 2 года назад
The way you teach is so easy and systematic.....all things just link together..... Best explanation!
@mattk183
@mattk183 2 года назад
Oh WOW i had no idea about this! The drawings made it so clear! My chemistry teacher sees that I know so much and she gives me more advanced work. Tyler, the amount of times I watch you is 90% and the amount of times I listen and see my chemistry teacher in a year is 10%. That shows that you are more better than my teacher.
@jenzhg
@jenzhg 2 года назад
I was wracking my brain over his experiment for an hour or so and you literally just cured me in 10 minutes, YOU'RE AMAZING
@ronwynjacob6339
@ronwynjacob6339 8 лет назад
doing a project on James Chadwick, this helped sooo much! ~thanks
@jozseforgovan8621
@jozseforgovan8621 8 лет назад
thank you much-you are very good -slow and detailed. congratulations to you. very understanding and easy to see through what you demonstrated about neutrons. very good.
@deepakfialok
@deepakfialok 7 лет назад
Absolutely genius of you to explain these concepts.... keep the good work going :)
@michaelmurdoch
@michaelmurdoch 10 месяцев назад
Thanks! My textbook didn't explain it and I was curious, love your chem vids!
@firaca100
@firaca100 5 лет назад
What a really good video! I hope that I can meet your video earlier when I was in high school ! Very well narated and good explanation!
@HaileyC201
@HaileyC201 11 лет назад
I wish you were my Chem teacher! Thank you so much!
@Ghost572
@Ghost572 11 лет назад
I just wanna say I really enjoy your videos and you have a great way of explaining things keep up the good work!
@radiantnet7443
@radiantnet7443 4 года назад
These vids are soo helpful I recommend them when I hear someone needs help
@insookim2555
@insookim2555 9 лет назад
Please be my chem teacher I'm learning more from your videos than I have in class the past month
@salmaashraf6246
@salmaashraf6246 9 лет назад
Your explanation is perfect
@hj008
@hj008 10 месяцев назад
Don't forget to say that a Peruvian physicist Antúnez de Mayolo proposed the existence of the neutron eight years before its discovery. Btw, thanks for your awesome videos.
@theramblingreviewer5150
@theramblingreviewer5150 4 года назад
Excellent video! Thank you for your clear explanation that really helped to give an understanding of the underlying mystery these scientists like Chadwick were trying to answer and how they answered it.
@simarjeetkaur4667
@simarjeetkaur4667 4 года назад
I love to watch your videoes as they are concept clearing
@thegalacticgamer6455
@thegalacticgamer6455 3 года назад
Brilliantly explained, helped enormously in one of my research tasks.
@jemappellelanoosh1743
@jemappellelanoosh1743 11 лет назад
Ohh you are a greattt teacher :-) Thank you so much for your time and effort !
@staytube4572
@staytube4572 2 года назад
thank you so much sir .... your videos help me a lot to learn chemistry. really appreciate your dedication. And I understand the concepts clearly.
@studylife01
@studylife01 2 года назад
thank you very much. I use this for understanding the test of discovering the neutron. I'm also glad to found your channel!
@iloveharrypan
@iloveharrypan 11 лет назад
Thank you! This really helped for a presetation I have to do! :)
@bharathchandra3436
@bharathchandra3436 7 лет назад
But I really have a doubt How can Alpha particles kick out neutrons from the 'Be' or 'B' or 'Li'? How can neutrons kick out protons from Wax? First of all Why did Neutrons come out?
@kaustavsengupta8757
@kaustavsengupta8757 5 лет назад
I know it's kinda late to answer but I will try to give answer as short and easy as possible. Well in late 1900 scientist were curious about what are the forces and how they interact with each other. With loads of excellent contribution of various scientist it was determined that in our universe 4 force are present i.e 1. Strong attraction force(nuclear force) , 2. Gravitational force, 3. Electromagnetic forces and last but not least is 4. Weak nuclear force. As per you question alpha particles kicked out of neutrons is because of weak nuclear force. Let me explain every element consistent of proton and neutrons, since all positive charge always repel each other so atom nucleus can't stable right??..No here comes the neutrons to save, you can think of neutrons as charge less but it also acts as cushion so that protons can stay together without rupturing the atoms nucleus. As the heavy the element goes so does the number of protons increases as well as neutrons too. Now comes the trick, there are sometimes when so much positive charge is condense into small space(atom nucleus) that it tend to become unstable due to repulsive force of proton. Since all things in the universe follows law of conservation of energy, to stabilize itself atom nucleus realease energy in form of radioactive (alpha particles, beta, or gamma). Fun fact take example of Uranium. We know Uranium have 2 major isotopes U238 and U-235. U-238 is relatively much stable than latter as it have more neutrons i.e more cushion and glue (stability), where as U-235 have 3 neutrons less and since less cushion and more positive-positive repulsive force which leads to its higher instability and high radioactive. Hope this answers your questions
@kaustavsengupta8757
@kaustavsengupta8757 5 лет назад
@@zakcullen6124 Just to be sure, you want to know how scientist determine that given radioactive decay is by which form i.e alpha particle decay, gamma or beta? Is that your question?
@kaustavsengupta8757
@kaustavsengupta8757 5 лет назад
If you want to know whether decaying is from alpha particle or beta. I think it will be better if you search Wilson Cloud Chamber on RU-vid, I think you will find answer of your question. It will be easier for you to watch rather than reading description analogue of mine.
@kaustavsengupta8757
@kaustavsengupta8757 5 лет назад
@Joseph Park Naah not really there is difference for nuclear explosion you need to have sustainable instantaneous release of all energy. I will advise you to go and check out "Critical Nuclear Mass" on RU-vid or Google. You will come your answers. As far as my interest is concern, yes I have master in molecular biology and we all the time uses small radioactive isotopes to carry out study experiment. If you really want to know how molecular biologist use radioactive isotopes then I will suggest you watch experiment "Hershey-Chase Bacteriophage Experiment" as it is basic of radioactive experiment carryout inside the cell body Moreover python is great for data analysis and for its predictive method machine learning, so we try to use this to effectively collect data of amino acid and other chemical signal and try to make a predictive it's movement through python libraries.
@sidewaysfcs0718
@sidewaysfcs0718 5 лет назад
@Joseph Park No. To cause a nuclear explosion you need a nuclear chain reaction above critical mass to reach explosive kinetics.
@jardina3809
@jardina3809 7 лет назад
such a great lesson, expecting for more of them, thank u so much than l can tell
@letsmakeiteasy3161
@letsmakeiteasy3161 5 месяцев назад
I don't understand why only protons are coming out from paraffin as neutron can heat other neutron or electron and can kick out those from wax. 2nd That fast moving neutrons of Boron can even come out through empty space of atoms of wax.
@anushkagupta3901
@anushkagupta3901 3 года назад
Loved your method of illustrating and teaching ✌🏻
@tortureh2371
@tortureh2371 6 лет назад
Can anybody answer this : Why does bery/boron foil send out neutrons ? why couldnt it send protons as both as positive it should repel and proton should come out why doesnt it ?Why does proton come out of Paraffin wax ?Why was it chosen?
@hol9619
@hol9619 5 лет назад
tbh
@tortureh2371
@tortureh2371 4 года назад
Well I don't even understand the question now lel
@ranjana6664
@ranjana6664 3 года назад
Yess,, I also have these doubts but nobody is understanding my these doubts 😟😟
@grimsobad8545
@grimsobad8545 3 года назад
MR. SWÂG makes a lotta sense now as I thigh it would like ya know clash
@swetachatterjee464
@swetachatterjee464 3 года назад
Same doubt...
@KaranSingh-ut8cq
@KaranSingh-ut8cq 8 лет назад
Thank you sir an incredible video A question... Why protons would not get shot out of lithium boron or beryllium... Why nutrons??? Because i think +,+ repel so alpha particles and protons repel and that should displace protons from beryllium lithium or boron And also i am curious to ask that what happens to that matter(parafin) after getting its protons out.... I mean its mass or shape or state of matter or something that might haappen to it ???
@satellitesage2487
@satellitesage2487 7 лет назад
Same questions
@pjjacobh9570
@pjjacobh9570 7 лет назад
Helium nuclei isn't neutral, it has 2 protons and 2 neutrons and needs 2 electrons so it's doubly charged .
@pragyanpandey634
@pragyanpandey634 6 лет назад
Neutron is neutral and 2 protons will cancel out the charge of 2 electrons.Therefore making it's K shell complete and a noble gas.
@ekodaoriginals7104
@ekodaoriginals7104 6 лет назад
Pragyan Pandey protons cancelling out means its losing its paraffin wax identity (??!) cuz proton is what that is the most fundamental particle of an atom and if it gets discharged, the wax perhaps turns into something else rather than wax. Here electrons were not shot out therefore, there won't be filling up of any K shell and turn into noble gas or something. Besides, wax is a hydrocarbon?
@ekodaoriginals7104
@ekodaoriginals7104 6 лет назад
That's a smart question, even I wonder, how could he become so sure that it was neutron shooting out, not proton cuz proton-proton repulses and there's a very chance that if protons are shot out then it's gonna have the same action done by neutron kicking out the protons. And the second question of yours, since wax was losing its protons I think it's gonna turn into some other element or at least so like it as proton gives an atom its identity. But again, since it's a complex hydrocarbon, I can't be so sure about it and perhaps, it converts into some other hydrocarbon.
@econguyph
@econguyph 3 года назад
road to 1M subscribers! You deserve it, Kudos
@stevenakpan783
@stevenakpan783 3 года назад
My best teacher ever. please make more videos, im begging of you
@shrt2587
@shrt2587 4 года назад
This video really helped me in understanding the concept Thank you so much
@aryangodara8538
@aryangodara8538 Год назад
To get this such a beautiful content is not less than a boon.... Love u a lot sir❤️❤️ I am Indian and there is a channel who made a video on this topic and instead of taking the credit he told all the audience that all credit goes to U nd I didn't expected that this content could be so much beautiful.... Totally awesome sir Their Channel name:- EduPoint Love you a lot sir💕💕
@Far096
@Far096 Год назад
Me too, I have come from the link of Edupoint
@rahgirtanvinchowdhury2252
@rahgirtanvinchowdhury2252 3 года назад
Actually reading the book of chang, I remain a little confused, but after watching your videos, I become completely clear. Thanks for your nice videos.
@merttok4291
@merttok4291 10 лет назад
Thanks man! Also, I can translate these videos for you if you want!
@Mechatronicx
@Mechatronicx 11 лет назад
u r a legend :) very interesting ways to explain critical things
@evanchauhan7661
@evanchauhan7661 11 лет назад
Definitely worth 10 minutes thanks man
@vivekrnajan8594
@vivekrnajan8594 4 года назад
Sir plz make more videos like this plz sir ,we all miss you sir 🙏🙏🙏
@user-dm1gd1pw2o
@user-dm1gd1pw2o 5 лет назад
you are so awesome . your speech in ted was also cool and it gave a nice advisory to all science teachers
@jwanaqusous2068
@jwanaqusous2068 10 лет назад
thank you!!! that was really helpful :)
@foolingaround9348
@foolingaround9348 8 месяцев назад
Thank you so much you saved me The education of pharmacy in Algeria was in French until this year. I was struggling to find resources to study in English ❤😊
@abdullahabro9862
@abdullahabro9862 8 лет назад
Too good and easy approachable lecture delivered by you.............. i am not even english speaker but despite it was too easy for me to handle your lecture as compared to others i found on youtube..... thumbs up....(y)
@hayliewu9604
@hayliewu9604 6 лет назад
thank you so much!! I hope schools can teach like you but they don't really teach
@bigdaddytruck3647
@bigdaddytruck3647 2 года назад
So glad my teacher put a link to this on the powerpoint
@wafawiwio112
@wafawiwio112 8 лет назад
thnk u so much but i have one qq why did he use paraffine and non other thing???
@user-yd7eq4bu5l
@user-yd7eq4bu5l Год назад
This is class 11 chemistry Now I am 15yrs old This video was uploaded 10yrs before form now that means when I was 5. I was thinking about this how old this video was but good quality and better explanation I had never seen
@sunitarawat9012
@sunitarawat9012 3 года назад
Sir you are superhero for me..... Love from India🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳....
@destructorgaming8870
@destructorgaming8870 3 года назад
Thank you sir, now I am able to understand very well. Awesome video
@ayushsachdeva3051
@ayushsachdeva3051 7 лет назад
Hey, Tyler. Just a question. Why would the neutrons strike out the protons of the paraffin? I mean the probability that a randomly striking neutron would strike such a small nucleus is tiny. Thanks in advance and also for teaching all this stuff.
@reincarnation420
@reincarnation420 3 года назад
You teach better than anything or anyone Keep it up 👍
@ln9456
@ln9456 6 лет назад
really like your videos, they r very clear to me
@bizunehbecho9163
@bizunehbecho9163 3 года назад
You need me .and also i am chem teacher.please attach ur email i am bizuneh becho
@ganeshsekhar6162
@ganeshsekhar6162 9 лет назад
what does paraffin got in particular??...although there must be something which made chadwick to place paraffin infront of the radiation !!
@internationalremixes6440
@internationalremixes6440 6 лет назад
in some texts, you can have light nuclei written over then, like helium's, carbon's or nitrogen's!
@samk6042
@samk6042 5 лет назад
So paraffin is a long chain hydrocarbon which essentially is rich in hydrogens
@krishvanshknu6889
@krishvanshknu6889 4 года назад
i think bcoz parrafin cant show photoelectric emission when hited by electromagnetic waves
@njmullins
@njmullins 4 года назад
@@krishvanshknu6889 paraffin shows tracks/scratches if something massive hits it. The release of p+ was a surprise at first. the assumption was that the unknown particles would embed into the paraffin. the resulting push told us of the equivalent force being transmitted through the paraffin. apparently the energy released by the alpha collision released neutrons of very high KE, which was sufficient to eject the p+
@fatimalearns9618
@fatimalearns9618 3 года назад
@@njmullins Thanks for the reply! It helped me too.
@SeetaJoshi-zj3hi
@SeetaJoshi-zj3hi 3 месяца назад
Sir you are the best teacher in the world. I beg you to please launch a chemistry course program for JEE students
@robinjohnson9611
@robinjohnson9611 6 лет назад
just thought i'd say..Sir James Chadwick is my 2 or 3 time great grandfather on my mom's side...makes sense...my brother wanted to be an astrophysicist....pretty interesting stuff..
@momentsofgaming468
@momentsofgaming468 3 года назад
After seeing thing we come to know that... What you need is a mentor like this to think that what was actually happened to do such discoveries..... Love from India 🇮🇳🇮🇳
@user-yd7eq4bu5l
@user-yd7eq4bu5l Год назад
Me too from India
@BackStoryDoc
@BackStoryDoc Год назад
I liked the way of explaining complex theories
@mehrdadpersian9902
@mehrdadpersian9902 6 лет назад
thank you so much for your video, the way you teach is the best
@anasali90000
@anasali90000 4 года назад
Very well explained.Thank you Tyler for enlightening hungry brains
@myownworld16
@myownworld16 4 года назад
Thank you sooo much!! Love your vids so clearly explained and so good🤍💕🦋💞🌙
@raissatwiringiyimana5179
@raissatwiringiyimana5179 10 лет назад
here I got question 1.which material do they use to shout those alpha particles? 2.neutrons have to have the same mass as protons or they can be more than that of protons in order to shout them?
@16meerab76
@16meerab76 2 года назад
IDK why he speaks so confidently making me feel he has worked with the scientists and know each and everything
@chinesezing
@chinesezing 5 лет назад
BRUH IM GONNA DO SO WELL ON MY PRESENTATION TOMORROW THANK YOU
@karamalsqoor7292
@karamalsqoor7292 10 лет назад
Thank you for your wonderful efforts I am very like your lesson and you understand
@usha8541
@usha8541 2 года назад
very nice explanation❤
@Alihunayn
@Alihunayn 5 лет назад
Best amongst others ! You are the man who made me interested in chemistry ,which I thought be the most booring subject .Hats of to you!Man......
@karimbakhsh2481
@karimbakhsh2481 3 года назад
A interesting explanation welldone!!
@effortlessschool
@effortlessschool 6 лет назад
please keep up the good work
@mayar4240
@mayar4240 3 года назад
Thank you so much you make this lesson sooooo esay for me .
@umairahmedqureshi3156
@umairahmedqureshi3156 2 года назад
Very comprehensive lecture
@daniel.a3463
@daniel.a3463 2 года назад
This helped me a lot, thanks
@riazijabar5296
@riazijabar5296 Год назад
He made me love chemistry ....
@amanuelseyoum2768
@amanuelseyoum2768 7 лет назад
Thank you, you are the best teacher, I really admire you...
@rubenroque9211
@rubenroque9211 Год назад
What did the Neutron say to the Proton in the nucleus? “Thanks for letting me live here free of charge !”
@lovelysingh924
@lovelysingh924 2 года назад
please make the next video parts of this series
@mangakhandavalli9881
@mangakhandavalli9881 3 года назад
I am telling that I am so lucky to have nice explanation by Tyler dewitt thanks tylerdewitt bro nice explanation
@hemanivetytha4679
@hemanivetytha4679 7 лет назад
excellent explanation thanks.plz show some animation also
@detectivelskawaiiimouto1628
@detectivelskawaiiimouto1628 5 лет назад
So perfect. I feel like I should stay home and learn from u-tube. It's a lot better.. honestly.
@5dots297
@5dots297 6 лет назад
No matter in which class did u read 8/9/10/+1/+2 This video is useful for all.... What a teaching sir SALUTE U
@tinder221
@tinder221 3 года назад
i subbed just because I feel like this guy deserves 1 mil
@MacStringer
@MacStringer 8 лет назад
How did they know that it wasn't the Alpha-particles passing through the Boron/Lithium film and hitting the wax? How did they know it had to be particles released from the first film?
@bellajade2438
@bellajade2438 8 лет назад
+Mac Stringer The Alpha particles are positively charged and the radiation coming out from the boron/lithium film had no charge, therefore it couldn't be the alpha particles.
@itsgojoverfr
@itsgojoverfr 2 года назад
@@bellajade2438 thanks!
@vlogsbyaman1568
@vlogsbyaman1568 3 года назад
Ur explanation is too 👍great
@ageyxbdhev
@ageyxbdhev 2 года назад
What an explanation keep it up
@umasubu1
@umasubu1 11 лет назад
When Lithium and Beryllium atoms were hit by alpha rays Electrons came out, then what happens to the lithium atom.does it collapse in the absence of neutrons. Also during Rutherford Gold foil experiment when the God foil was hit by alpha rays did Neutrons come out???
@science-y9209
@science-y9209 6 лет назад
very nice. please make video on discovery of protons
@rajveer808
@rajveer808 5 лет назад
why only proton going out through strike of alpha particle? please answer me.
@fatimalearns9618
@fatimalearns9618 3 года назад
Why the neutrons only shoot out protons and not neutrons present in the paraffin?
@AngelinaProm
@AngelinaProm 10 лет назад
Thank you so much! this explains a lot!
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