Battery Ignition System Working | 4 cylinder Engine | I.C.Engines | Engines Parts | Basics | TE |HPE 

Battery Ignition System Working | 4 cylinder Engine | I.C.Engines | Engines Parts | Basics | TE |HPE
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A battery ignition system is an electrical system used in internal combustion engines to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. It typically consists of a battery, an ignition coil, distributor, spark plugs, and various wiring and switches. Here's a general overview of how a battery ignition system works:
Battery: The battery is the power source for the ignition system. It supplies the electrical energy required to create a spark.
Ignition Switch: When you turn the ignition key, it activates the ignition switch, allowing current to flow from the battery to the ignition coil.
Ignition Coil: The ignition coil is a transformer that steps up the voltage from the battery (usually 12 volts) to a much higher voltage (typically around 20,000 to 40,000 volts). It consists of two windings, the primary and secondary windings, which are linked by an iron core. The primary winding is connected to the battery's positive terminal, and the secondary winding is connected to the spark plugs.
Distributor: In older ignition systems, the distributor is responsible for routing the high voltage from the ignition coil to the correct spark plug at the right time. It contains a rotating rotor and a set of contacts (or points) that open and close to control the timing of the spark.
Spark Plugs: The spark plugs are connected to the secondary winding of the ignition coil through high-tension wires. They are installed in each combustion chamber of the engine and are responsible for producing the spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture. The spark plug has a center electrode and a ground electrode, with a small gap in between. When the high voltage is applied, a spark jumps across this gap.
Ignition Timing: The timing of the spark is crucial for efficient engine operation. In older systems, the distributor's rotor and points determine the timing. However, modern engines often use electronic ignition systems that rely on sensors and an engine control unit (ECU) to precisely control the timing based on various parameters like engine speed, load, and temperature.
Spark Generation: When the ignition switch is turned on, current flows from the battery through the primary winding of the ignition coil, creating a magnetic field around the iron core. When the points (in older systems) or electronic control module (in newer systems) signal the ignition coil to fire, the current flow in the primary winding is abruptly interrupted. This causes the magnetic field to collapse rapidly, inducing a high voltage in the secondary winding. The high voltage is then directed to the appropriate spark plug via the distributor (in older systems) or the individual coils (in newer systems).
Spark Creation: Once the high voltage reaches the spark plug, it jumps across the gap between the center electrode and ground electrode, creating a spark. This spark ignites the compressed air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, resulting in combustion and the subsequent power stroke of the engine.
The process of generating the spark repeats for each cylinder in the engine, typically in the firing order of the engine. This continuous ignition cycle ensures the engine operates smoothly and provides the necessary power for the vehicle or equipment.
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