BIG M METHOD-LEC I || OPERATION RESEARCH||IN MALAYALAM 

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big m method(example)
• BIG M METHOD|MINIMIZAT...
ARTIFICIAL VARIABLE
Artificial variables are fictitious variable. They are incorporated only for computational purposes. They have no physical meaning.
Artificial variables are introduced when the constraints are of the type 'greater than or equal to' or 'equal to'...
BIG M METHOD
It is a modified simplex method for solving a LPP when a high penalty cost M has been assigned to the artifical variable in the objective function.
When artificial variables are introduced, we include these artificial variables in the basis (B), first. These artificial variables are driven out in the first iterations. For this purpose we assign a very large value M to each of the artificial variables as coefficient in the objective function. The quantity M is known as penalty. In maximisation cases - M and in minimisation cases +M are assigned to the artificial variables as their coefficients in objective function.