Pitch shifting pedal, the button on the guitar is a killswitch that cuts the audio signal. He usual runs a les paul that is an inch thicker than standard with two humbuckers with split coils. The guitar he now uses is pretty much the same except with the red kill switch which is a buckethead signature gibson guitar. He plays with a backing track most of the time
Such a phenomenal performance. I've lost count how many times I've listened to and watched this. No drummer/bassist on this one; it's just a recording playback. If you wish to hear his compositional skills and sublime musicianship, check out: Buckethead - Far.