I managed to save some of the turrets in "The part where he kills you" by pulling them from the funnel. I also once caught one of the jumping ones covered in blue gel but I would assume it eventually jumped down into the abyss too.
Betsrighter, a speedrun trick, could make this significantly easier. It might even allow you to save all the turrets, except for in turret sabotage. For reference, Betsrighter gives you invincibility.