Cathedrals and Universities: Crash Course History of Science #11 

I wish he spoke more about specific medieval thinkers like Roger Bacon or Albertus Magnus, to many people still think that medieval Europeans were anti science or that church claimed the Earth was flat (neither is true).

so when are we getting crashcourse architecture?

Just a little mistake. The first university in the Iberian Peninsula was in PALENCIA not Valencia. Palencia is nowadays a little town located in northern Spain with a quite rich history.

The word "college" comes from the term "collegium," which can mean corporation. "University" or "universitas" means "the whole, the total, the universe, all things turned together into one."

I knew Hildegard of Bingen was a composer but she was also a scientist?!? I want an episode on this woman!

What about Nalanda, Taxila and other Indian Universities from the 5th century BCE until the 13th century CE which brought in thousands of students across Asia.

My University's central building is a giant Neo-gothic skyscraper called the "Cathedral of Learning" and I feel this video has re-contextualized its design and existence to me

Well,after hand washing all of the dishes in the house,there’s no better way to unwind than learning about science with Crash Course!

I'm happy this is being covered. So many seem to think the Catholic Church is hostile to science and critical thought, but from Augustine to Anselm and Aquinas to Galileo, the Church was the principal funder of those pursuits in Europe for a thousand years.

Studying law in Medieval Europe wasn't really pleasant either. European law was (and still is) based around Roman law and the only source of Roman law is the Justinian Code, written 50 years after the fall of the Western Empire. The collection of books basically contained mountains and mountains of cases from Roman times that students studied. They also needed to write the cases down themselves BY HAND and would end up with their own copy.

"... Just like going to taco bell doesn't make you a taco" - you had me Hank 😂

That bit about Cathedrals made me want Crash Course Architecture more than ever!

Thank you Catholic Church for inventing universities and hospitals and the big bang theory and developing and preserving the western culture along with the Romans and still having tons of universities and hospitals in the world and being by FAR the biggest charity giver. People are always hating on the Catholic Church, but you owe so much to it, even if you're not Catholic, and they still help the world so much. There are terrible scandals, but out of over a billion 1.2 billion Catholics, there's bound to be a lot of people who are not actually good, it's impossible for any institution serving for millenia and being so big to be clean, though I wish it were.

Irrelevant as it may be, it's so adorable how excited Hank gets about Copernicus :D :D :D

I love these structures. They truly encourage you to seek out any mysteries and wonders in life. Not only is it beautiful, but the most ancient contain bits of Latin and symbols to enforce the divine vibe. The old library in Detroit near the DIA museum also has these features.

Crash course is really winning me back over with these series. I love the work you guys are doing!

Actually, at most universities you had to first study Liberal Arts before you got to study anything else. But if you finished those, it was more than enough to become a priest, it was really not necessary to study Theology to become a priest. Also, the students really didn't buy books. Almost never. Why? Because it was soooooo freaking expensive! It was expensive to even make notes (ink and parchment were not cheap) so they had memorize and memorize and memorize.

SING THE BELLS, BELLS, BELLS, BELLS BELLS OF NOTRE DAME!

I see that animated Lucy Worsley - thought café, well played

I love the choice of analogy "... just like going to taco bell doesn't make you a taco."

Just a quick note. Gargoyles specifically refer to decorated water drains. Statues without a function as those depicted in the animations are called Grotesques.

Interestingly the pinnacles on the butresses are not decoration, but weights to load the Column below and prevent it going into tension at one side. I had to analyse King's College chapel as an exercise in second year structural engineering.

Knowledge is discovered and disseminated, not produced. It’s not a consumer good tailor-made to fit a particular market or majority opinion. I guess that opinion is my consistent bother with CC lately. But I still love all the information they share!!

Love the content Crash Course! Great job 👍🏾

34 years old, and I still smirk at the term "flying buttresses".

Loved this !!! Thank you !

Yes, learn about St. Hildegard von Bingen! And listen to her music!

I've been watched your videos for past few weeks, hope you make your own podcast about world history

love this series

Been reading a biography of Galileo recently, there's a big segment where all the local thinkers start arguing about the circumference of hell

Cool video!

I love that wall color.

Can't wait for the next episode :)

I can't stand watching her presentations but I love that you threw Lucy Worlsey into that thought bubble sequence.

*HEY LOOK, HENRY'S COMES TO SEE US! GOD BLESS YOU, HENRY!*

FANTASTIC!!!

Thank god I’m not a taco. Tuesday isn’t very far away

The subtitles are not syncing with the video. Can anyone fix that? Thanks :D Great video as always, by the way.

Universitas means a lot of things, including corporation, but also basically any group or community of people united in a purpose, and it also means the universe.

Cool video 👍

Thanks, Hank.

One glaring issue I have is that France is indicated as owning Belgium and the Netherlands in the Middle Ages which is inaccurate, it controlled Flanders for a long while but that’s it. Eventually it lost that province until it was retaken by Napoleon, who incorporated both countries into the Empire, but was lost again by 1814. Also the pronunciation....Montpelier **shudder** Other than that I still really enjoyed the video! CC is one of my fav series!

OMG, you just made my day

This video is not part of the playing list for History of Science in the Crash Course Channel

So... people went to cathedrals to eat Christians? Man, I'm learning so much from CrashCourse. :P

"Artis Liberalis" is the genitive singular form. It means "of the liberal art." I think you meant "Artes Liberales."

I was deeply amazed with how the cathedral was made. This Cathedral is formulated by the Europe but then Cathedral are very important part for both Christianity. Western Architecture begins around the year 312 C.E. it was mostly based on the ancient Roman.

The cathedral in my city is a 120 meters tall cone with huge vitrals. The building is inspired in sputinik and was designed in the futuristic style, search for Cathedral Maringá if you want to know more!

I love you so much Crash Course that I *hate* to complain, but the most recent iteration of the theme music is SO LOUD compared to the rest of the videos. And the bass is crazy loud too (especially the CC Theater vids). The thing is, I like to watch CC in the evening and if I have the volume up enough to hear the program, the theme music is loud enough to wake people in the next room. I know there have gotta be people out there trying to watch CC vids with sleeping babies in the house, too. Pretty mega please, could it be brought down in line with the dB of the rest of the vids? I can't be the only one who has an issue with this. Love you, CC!!!

I love this guy

thank you

just curious about whether alchemists and bishops we're associates in the cathedral building era? (since its mentioned "economic opportunities in cathedral cities attracted many skilled workers" How were this workers paid? also, because both alchemists and bishops had an earth centered universe perspective)

was the historian in the glass section based on Lucy Worsley? if so, kudos

Hi Hank, I know it's not your style, but i think a more james burke-connections approach could help in the future, if you'd wish to deep dive into the history of science. If you haven't seen the old Connections series, well..thank god for youtube :p

Monks: The genius of the Middle ages.

The oldest University in Spain is Salamanca not Valencia - very cool episode, like all of them!

hi Crash Course, could you add this video and #12 to the History of Science Playlist? They are missing and they cause a disturbance in the Force.

Great video!

Love it

Everyone knows the vikings were the most educated people during the middle ages.And if you disagree you get raided

I wish I was born in the time when knowledge meant the world to everyone. 😭😭😭

It would be great you talk about Saint Albert the Great and Saint Thomas Aquinas

the playlist ended at 10 needs to be updated

Lol, flying buttresses. Even an actual buttress flying is kinda funny

Yes!

Valencia, yeah! Graduates, represent!

Who else was reminded of the Chartres segment of F for Fake by the section in this video about Cathedrals?

You guys forgot about Coimbra, in Portugal! One of the oldest Universities in the world, older than Valencia's!

Was... was that a Lucy Worsley character?

Crash Course: History of Art and Architecture :D

I' m German, it is so cute how you say Aachen :)

Abbe Suger used John Erugina’s Aeropagite to construct Norte Dame.

Interesting video. Now how this describe me - with a degree in Information Science. I guess this one couldn't have happened unless say Claude Shannon came up with Information Theory.

Great series, but: "[The medival era] was an era of frantic economic growth in Europe [...]" Ever taken a look at Angus Maddison's long run GDP series?

Every time you said Montpellier a piece of me died.

It's amazing to think how much cathedrals influenced the emergence of European scholarship! It makes you wonder how (the equivalent of) universities would have been different if they had developed out of some other tradition.

Why didn't you mention the University of Salamanca (1218, Castille, Spain)?

I'm on #12 of CrashCourse & I thinks my head is going to exploded but I say More, More, More, ........................

when are we getting a crash course calculus?

10:40 Nietzsche: HELL YEAHH!!!

Este canal es bueno para estudiar ingles y aparte un conocimiento extra 😃. Saludos desde Argentina.

This and the next videos weren't added to the playlist.

I was wondering why Hank was spending some much time explaining cathedrals and what they look like and where they were built and I found that strange as I see the cathedral in my city every few days and I see cathedrals of neighboring counties and cities whenever I'm on the train or on a trip. So I'm guessing he is going into so much detail of explaining them because their are not cathedrals in the US? They are very beautiful if there are not you should visit one if you're ever in Europe. As most people in the UK and many European countries are very familiar with cathedrals.

Error with "History of Science Playlist". Episodes "History of Science #11" and "History of Science #12" are not included in the History of Science playlist, even though #10 and #13 are included.

I really loved this video and the entirety of Crash Course in general! But, like any good scholar after a talk, „I have a quick question.“ I am currently taking a class on the beginnings of medieval universities in Europe (specifically Paris, Bologna, and Oxford) for my MA in Medieval Studies and History and literally today gave a talk about the emergence of the university of Oxford! =D One thing I was wondering: how did you decide on the date 1096 for the founding of OX? Because one of the big issues we had in preparing our presentation (and that we discussed in class for quite a while) is that the university wasn‘t „founded“ as such, it emerged because of a number of hard to define factors (like its role as a centre for ecclesiastical courts, scholars being unable to go study in Paris because of wars or royal edicts, etc.), so we couldn‘t decide on just one date of foundation. I am not trying to be contrary, I am genuinely curious what made you decide to go with 1096 as the date, because it is such a murky issue!

"Hildegard - Way ahead of her time"

While I understand that this video is about "Cathedrals and unis in europe", I think that it's a shame that the series didn'discuss the idea from a world-view first, and established a definition of university before claimin'the first ones were in Europe. The library of ALenxadria or University Al-Qarawiyyin are predecessors to that, but many people claim they are not universities, why ? How do you define a university, who coined the term first, what's its equivalent in other languages ? Do you define a university as a body that teaches universal knowledge in a class with professors and that delivers degrees after you finish a pre-set curriculum ? Al Qarawiyyin fits that definition. Do you define it as any body where knowledge can be acquired by people regardless of details ? The lib of ALenxadria fits the definition. Bref, I think that for the aevrage viwers, the transition to lens on europe was too fast. Great video though.

Several things: 1. "Going to these places didn't make you a Christian, like going to Taco Bell doesn't make you a taco." This is, of course, true, but why even say it? Are you trying to reassure people that it's okay for non-Christians to travel back in time and visit medieval Cathedrals? Other than Jewish populations, which varied in size and statistical significance from place to place, by the time of the period you're talking about--unless we're talking about the southern extremities of Italy--the population of Western Europe was virtually completely Christian, so, while a cathedral does not a Christian make, medieval Europe kind of mostly does. 2. While the Cathedral School of Aachen was an extremely important site for the centralization of education during the early Middle Ages, the only institution that is consistently (though controversially) referred to as a "proto-university" is the medical school at Salerno (which is only controversial because some consider it a university, though this view has fallen out of favour in the last 150 years). Aachen was not a proto-university precisely because it had no corporate element, and catered only to the elites of the palace complex. Nobility were extremely rare at universities well into the "Renaissance." 3. "Mont-pell-yeay." Not "mont-peel-yer." 4. I like that you mention oaths. That isn't mentioned enough in the scholarship. 5. While it's true that universities had to be "somewhat Catholic," since everyone at the university had to be Catholic anyway, they wanted to teach according to their faith. The few disputes that came about involved either disputes about what "Catholic" was, or the teaching of the Islamic texts mentioned in previous episodes, but still within a Catholic context. 6. Woooah, woah, woah! The arts faculty can't be equated to the higher faculties. It wasn't for those who "couldn't cut it," it was the stepping stone TO the higher faculties, that the vast majority of students had to complete before they entered upon medicine, law, or theology. Also, it wasn't necessarily the goal of students to come away with a degree. A huge number of students went on to act as administrators, etc., and never needed to graduate to attain these positions. 7. Thank you for making a video about the cathedrals and universities.

You didn't mention the progress from cathedral schools to universities. There is no firm divide between these, cathedral schools gradually became universities. When the word university was minted it was not some big change it was the aknoweledgement of a change that had already happened.

Hey not sure who to talk to about this, but the subtitles are de-synced from the video

Why didn’t you mentioned coimbra in Portugal???

How come #11 and #12 aren't on the History of Science Playlist?

Not unlike a modern University... Disregarding certain cultural aspects.

Hank, that's really not how to pronounce Montpellier...

11 and 12 are missing from the history of science playlist

Hank is the man

is this the first episode of crash course architecture

So is the Renaissance and the scientific revolution next?

Stormwind Brewery. I see what u did there.

Need some acoustic treatment in the recording room