When we mean proportionality or inverse proportionality we imply just what the words imply, that the value in consideration changes with respect to how dependent it is on the change in the other object. For example, Newton found out that gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the point from the origin of gravitational force. So, Fα1r2 . He also assumed that product of main and secondary object was the cause of gravitational force. So, Fαm1m2 Taking these together, he assumed that Fαm1m2r2 . G was that constant that he threw in just to remove the proportionality.
When deriving scientific equations and formulas, we often put a constant after removing the sign of proportionality to account for any unknown factors that may affect the relationship between the variables in the equation. This constant, also known as a proportionality constant, allows us to make more accurate predictions and measurements based on the specific circumstances of the system being studied. Additionally, some equations may have multiple variables that are not directly proportional to one another, so the constant can be used to account for these other variables as well.