Conventional Current v Electron Flow - Electricity explained

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Conventional current and electron flow. In this video we briefly learn the difference between conventional current and electron flow. We learn how the electron was discovered and why battery terminals are positive and negative. What is conventional current.
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7 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 438

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

⚠️ *These videos take a long time to make* if you would like to buy Paul a coffee to say thanks, link below: ☕ PayPal: www.paypal.me/TheEngineerinMindset Channel membership: ru-vid.com/show-UCk0fGHsCEzGig-rSzkfCjMwjoin Patreon: www.patreon.com/theengineeringmindset

@Robbya10 2 года назад

What do you think are the implications of treating the negative as if it has no potential energy when in fact it what's actually being given charge due to the pressure of the electrons wanting to complete the circuit? Such as on a sailboat that has all of it's grounding in contact with the ocean

@mohamedkalith7607 2 года назад

Please make a video about the operation of the zener diode...

@realfantasyauder9489 2 года назад

People wants to know why it doesn’t matter.

@mylestechnological7031 2 года назад

I'm used to electron flow not conventional current every time someone brings up conventional current it confuses me

@andrzejzie7046 6 месяцев назад

There is no such a thing as conventional current. What's wrong with you guys here? They entire world knows that current flows from negative to positive.

@tonybp 2 года назад

It baffles the mind how so many schools, colleges, universities, etc. just brush off this topic, then you have a bunch of confused students or people that want to learn electronics getting confused and frustrated. Same thing with the concept of Ground.

@haku-jin 2 года назад

Woah, woah, woah. What about Ground now?

@crashcoursezed7947 2 года назад

What even is ground?

@BOBMAN1980 2 года назад

As a learner who has my head somewhere wrapped around this concept, I still get a little vexed at the different directions various textbooks have their CURRENT--not 'electrons'--flowing. Oh well. Seems to work.

@acewarmonger6550 2 года назад

Leaving a comment so i can know if someone tells about GROUND

@HansensUniverseT-A 2 года назад

Same thing happened to me, i literally tore my hair off my head trying to wrap my head around how this could even be remotely possible in a solids like a wire, if it wasn't for the fact that I've been diving into the world of physics getting familiar with nuclear properties, it drove me absolutely crazy, until it was brought into light that the conventional way differs from what's actually happening because we're too lazy to update our model, and I've also seen how others have been completely stumped by this as well because hardly anyone including universities ever tell you about this two sided coin. It's time for an update for christ sake, it's causing so much confusion.

@richard1113 2 года назад

I'm a very visual and spatial learner so it's rather confusing when people insist on demonstrating factually incorrect conventional current. Really appreciate this channel and that you use electron flow in most of your models. It makes things so much easier to understand and conceptualize!

@Sprinter99800 Год назад

Question you have a NPN transistor Will you give the positive voltage to Collector positive or emitter negative?

@kreynolds1123 9 месяцев назад

Current convention is not incorrect. Let me explain. Electron flow and current flow are conventions. But some people fail to recognize that Both having physical representations that can be visualized. While Electron flow has obvious physical representation, current flow does so too in conductors and semiconductors as electron holes or lower eletron density flow that is opposite of electon flow. This view is no less physical real than electron flow.

@Gigabomber 8 месяцев назад

@@kreynolds1123 Makes me feel better that I have such a hard time understanding the physics behind electricity. With heat I just imagined an object charged with energy vs lacking energy and it was a breakthrough, but this is more difficult.

@aphrodieMonkey 5 месяцев назад

@@kreynolds1123 Would you mind to explain this a bit more clearly, or maybe give a link that delves into this topic more thoroughly? It's tough to find layman resources for this niche. Thanks so much!!

@kreynolds1123 5 месяцев назад

@@aphrodieMonkey electron flow typically give people the impression that electrons line up push the ones in front throug the wire. Hence electron flow physical representation. Would it surprise you that the average electron drift velocity through a 12 Guage copper wire with 5 amps running through it is about 1.11 x 10^-4 m/s, or say 0.111 mm/s while the average thermal velocity of electrons in copper is approximately 1.19 million meters per second (m/s)? I hope this paints a picture for you where in the electron in a wire are more like a fast moving individual electron cloud acting more like a compressible gass with a slow glacial flow on average. Momentarily, some electrons Will be over average density, and some areas will be under average density as electrons bounce back and forth up and down back and forth inside the wire. And while electon over density on average move from - to + electron underdensity moves from + to - . Furthermore given electron cloud is compressible. You'll find a greater number of electron under average density closer to the + side of a battery. And a greater number of electron over average density near the - pole of a battery. Let's simplify over and underdensity to electrons and electron holes. In a wire, you'll see a gradient in electron density and electron hole density. Starting with more holes near the positive terminal and more electron near the negative terminal. Electron holes in semiconductors is the similar and yet slightly different in that at the junction of two different semiconductors electrons that fall into holes give off light (LED) as they fall into a lower energy hole in a different semiconductor type. Or electrons flowing through a junction with two different metals conductors gives up heat energy or absorbes energy in a thermoelectric effect. More on electron cloud. Take two wires of different metals twist both ends together. Heat one side and cool the other. Heated electrons bounce around faster and expand like a heated gas while the cold side contracts electrons like a cold gas. Different metals see different rates of expansion and contraction in the distance between electrons for a given temperature. The result is a temperature difference across the wires will cause electrons to flow. I probably gave you more questions than I answered, But such is the ironic nature of knowledge. The more you know the more questions you'll have.

@PAKOREGON 2 года назад

Back in the day when I was using vacuum tubes in my Amature Radio projects, I learned that electrons were "boiled" off the negative cathode and were attracted to the positive plate of the tube. Electron flow...

@ElderGod29 2 года назад

Yes that's the proper flow of current charges. But syllabus nowadays focus more on polarity based current flow topics than what is electron flow actually xD.

@ElectroRestore Год назад

@@ElderGod29 If you base it on polarity, then it is electron flow you would come to. There is no way to get conventioanl flow from polarity. Take a battery, to say that the positive terminal pushes atoms, is saying it crams physical matter (entire atoms) into the negative terminal, which is impossible and counter intuitive! You never connect a red wire to a negative terminal. Again, not logical! It is not the positive voltage that will zap you, it is the negative. This is why you die in a lightning storm. You are grounded to earth (the negative pole) and the positive atmosphere above is going to pull those powerful, earthbound, electrons right through you! Surely, you do not thing atoms are crashing through your body? That is what would have to happen for protons to kill you. Because they cannot move outside their atoms!

@kreynolds1123 9 месяцев назад

Current convention is not incorrect. Let me explain. Electon flow and current flow are conventions. But some people fail to recognize that Both have physically valid representations. While Electron flow has obvious physical representation, current flow does so too in conductors and semiconductors as electron holes or lower eletron density flow that is opposite of electon flow. This view is no less physical real than electron flow. Sure, even in vacuum tubes electron hole flow is a valid physical representation.

@willipine1863 2 года назад

this has confused me for years have been fighting with my thoughts forever , finally i can rest 😉

@gconol 2 года назад

They actually started teaching in Conventional flow in the 90's . Prior to that, Videos and literature discuss circuits in Electron flow.....

@ahmedshoaib9991 2 года назад

Yes, Same.

@DilshanWijerathne 2 года назад

Me toooo😉💗

@johncarlisle6865 Год назад

@@gconol long before the 90's in the UK

@ChuckSpohr 2 года назад

My high school physics teacher offered extra credit for a physics limerick. This was my submission: There once was a coulomb named Joe Who never knew which way to go Conventional current was quite a deterrent from normal electron flow!

@amramjose 2 года назад

An electron walks into a bar; it sits down and orders a drink, and tells the bartender "I got shot out of a cannon today, hit a glass phosphor screen, was suspended on an oil drop then I was fired against a moving tungsten target across 120kv!"...the bartender says "buddy, don't be so negative!"

@amramjose 2 года назад

That was brilliant, by the way!

@callumbillington8395 2 года назад

*cricket noises*

@DarkMatterX1 2 года назад

That was actually really good.

@DragonGirlMaria 2 года назад

how did the Teacher like it?

@ByeSteveGoodParty 3 месяца назад

Man, you have no idea how helpful these videos have been for me. Nobody has ever been able to break the "why" down far enough that I could connect the dots.

@broderp 2 года назад

A great and simple explanation. I learned electron flow and it has always made sense to me. Now I know its also the more correct, even better. I would like to thank my instructor (Mr. Richard Romea) who told the class years ago (1995) that electrons flow from negative to positive. He was right and once you believe that, its all easy-peasy.

@kreynolds1123 9 месяцев назад

Current convention is not incorrect. Let me explain. Electon flow and current flow are conventions. But some people fail to recognize that Both have physical representations. While Electron flow has obvious physical representation, current flow does so too in conductors and semiconductors as electron holes or lower eletron density flow that is opposite of electon flow. This view is no less physical real than electron flow.

@Victory..I 2 года назад

"It don't matter." -Science

@jamess1787 2 года назад

"it's just a theory anyways" - science

@asifhamid5742 2 года назад

If our universe was made out of antimatter ?

@joshuaewalker 2 года назад

@@asifhamid5742 It don't antimatter

@space_engineer17 2 года назад

**Physics dealing with matter** Physics:😒

@BenMJay 2 года назад

When I first began study8ng electrical engineering, this concept was foreign to me. It is a little hard to abstract.

@stephensu4371 2 года назад

it doesn’t matter for me, my brain just automatically switch forward and backward for me when i need it

@gconol 2 года назад

This is somewhat true. I first started learning about electronics in the late 80's, and the magazines at the time always taught circuits in electron flow. I also watched old videos made in the 1960's and they taught in electron flow as well. Sometime during the 90s, i began to notice that electronic books and magazines started to discuss in terms of Conventional flow. This was very confusing to me, and no doubt it'd be confusing to newcomers. I don't know who made this decision, but it was dumb.........

@kreynolds1123 9 месяцев назад

Current convention is not incorrect. Let me explain. Electon flow and current flow are conventions. But some people fail to recognize that Both have physical representations. While Electron flow has obvious physical representation, current flow does so too in conductors and semiconductors as electron holes or lower eletron density pocket flow that is opposite of electon flow. This view is no less physical real than electron flow.

@ShonKinsley 2 года назад

what bothers me most is some of books (I wouldn't name them) describe circuits with mixture of conventional and actual electrons flow, the worst part is explanation of transistors and diodes with actual electrons flow, those authors must watch this video. Another great work, thanks Paul.

@kreynolds1123 9 месяцев назад

To understand transistors you have to understand that some crystals may steel electrons abd sone may give upbelectrons leaving holes, and electron hole therory is born. Current convention is not incorrect. Let me explain. Electon flow and current flow are conventions. But some people fail to recognize that Both have physical representations. While Electron flow has obvious physical representation, current flow does so too in conductors and semiconductors as electron holes or lower eletron density flow that is opposite of electon flow. This view is no less physical real than electron flow.

@jsrrrmg 2 года назад

In the US Navy, they teach theory in a difference between "Hole Flow" and "Electron Flow". When I first got out, and started working in the Civilian World, It blew my mind that the general consensuses was that electricity flowed in the opposite direction!

@karhukivi 2 года назад

Hole flow is what happens in semiconductors, as well as electron flow in the opposite direction. However, in metals there is only electron flow and in electrolytes there is also negative and positive ion flow.

@gybx4094 2 года назад

Yes. At the time I was serving as an ET, the Officers learned "hole flow" and Enlisted learned "Electron Flow". Kirchhoff's Laws work equally well, but it created some confusing communications.

@amramjose 2 года назад

@@karhukivi I reconciled the "hole flow" as charge voids instead. In my mind, this made it easier to visualize.

@karhukivi 2 года назад

@@amramjose Whatever works best for you, stick to it!

@gconol 2 года назад

I started to notice in the 90's that books and videos were beginning to teach electronics using Conventional flow. This really irritated me, cuz it made no sense. In the 1980's, most literatures and videos were still teaching in terms of Electron flow. It only made sense, after all, we were studying ELECTRON-ics. It would be weird to call it HOLE-ics.

@tejaskumar5928 2 года назад

I'M IN STD 8, I WAS FRUSTRATED WITH THIS BUT WITH YOUR HELP I UNDERSTOOD. THANKYOU SOO MUCH.

@lohphat 2 года назад

Don't tell the diodes what's happening!

@DiowE 2 года назад

I mistakenly read this :- Don't tell the "dildos" what's happening. [DiowE]

@SystemHacker23 2 года назад

This creates more confusion.

@SystemX1983 2 года назад

don't worry ... electrons can't read the marking on the diodes because its on the outside ;) but yeah, I always imagine a diode being a combination of a wall with a ramp: conventional current only can flow through the diode using the ramp, in reverse polarity it will bump into the wall unless it is so "fast" (high voltage) it will just rush through that wall :D

@DarkMatterX1 2 года назад

@@SystemX1983 Wait, so the Kool-Aid man's actually a giant electron? *_OH YEEAAHHHHH!_*

@SystemX1983 2 года назад

@@DarkMatterX1 I've never met him but I guess he's full of electrons, free moving ones especially ;) or was it electrolytes? O.o

@ArmadilloFactory 9 месяцев назад

This answered a question I've had for years. Conventional flow never made sense to me since electrons were negative. Thank you!

@abather11 2 года назад

It's fascinating how clear and beautiful your explanations are

@johnkent9019 2 года назад

Thank you for clearing that up for me! I've always been confused about it.

@rickhale4348 2 года назад

I have a degree in electronics and all the mathematical formulas used are with conventional flow. Electron flow is specifically mentioned when used otherwise conventional flow is assumed. Either way the answers are the same as long as the two are not used together as in circuit analysis. I've always preferred the Thevenize method.

@karhukivi 2 года назад

At last, someone with common sense! It doesn't matter which system you use as long as you don't mix them up and make stupid mistakes in circuit design.

@altuber99_athlete 2 года назад

But one thing is the reality (electron flow in basic electric circuits) and another thing is not it (conventional current flow).

@cacornett58 2 месяца назад

I, too, have a degree in Electronics and we were taught using electron flow in circuits because electrons have a negative charge and they will be attracted to the more positive terminal.

@rickhale4348 2 месяца назад

@cacornett58 To bad Benjamin Franklin guessed wrong concerning electron flow. Typical of the human condition to fail to rectify an obvious falsehood. The math still works though.

@sw6188 2 года назад

Great video. Just one point to note - versus is abbreviated as vs or just v (v is generally only used in legal contexts), but never v's.

@epicgamer1299 2 года назад

Being waiting for this video forever! Thank you so much!

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

Hope you enjoyed it!

@baraghaaz9123 2 года назад

@@EngineeringMindset What are you talking about. You simply nailed it, man.

@batmad1975 Месяц назад

So clear ! Finally I learned the reason ! Merci !!!

@dawnwatching6382 Год назад

Jesus, this video should be the first in your basics playlists. Thanks for clearing it up!

@antonbrum5492 2 года назад

So true. When I was studying DC electricity at RMIT Melbourne in the 1960's, electron flow was preferred. The question remains. A battery has a negative plate (anode) and a positive plate (cathode). We know that a charge of electrons move from the anode to the cathode, electron flow, but conventional flow from positive to negative outside the battery? Or does it go in the opposite direction? This is where there is confusion.

@ElectroRestore Год назад

Not confusing if you get it right. It is the opposite of what you stated. The positive terminal of a battery is the anode and the negative is the cathode. Electrons always flow from cathode to anode (negative to positive on a battery).

@AdnanSadiq-eu6uk 5 месяцев назад

Fantastic clarification of what is a very perplexing issue for both students and teachers alike!! Really well animated and concisely explained!! THANK YOU!!!👍

@mastisu 2 года назад

I wish we had this video when I was a young apprentice years ago….part of our program required we take university courses, including physics. We got into an intense debate with the relatively young physics instructor, as what she was teaching about electron flow was different from what we were learning in trade theory. This explains it!

@jasonvoorhees3282 2 года назад

It is very confusing especially in electrical drawing when I don’t know whether they’re using conventional or electron current. Like diodes for example, I’ve seen people explain where electrons is flowing through the arrow of a diode. But in other videos it flows against it. I hate it!

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

We always assume conventional current when designing circuits. So with a diode we assume it flows positive to negative so through the arrow. But, the electrons are actually flowing against the arrow. Again, it doesn't actually matter. It's only how we visualise it.

@Andre-gn4sj 2 года назад

the diode. conventional arrow and electron war horn. >:D

@amramjose 2 года назад

Electrons flow "against the arrow" (the cathode) or conventional charges flow "with the arrow" (the anode) in a diode (pn junction).

@altuber99_athlete 2 года назад

When first explaining how the diode works (P and N-type materials, reverse-biasing and forward-biasing, etc.), the electron flow and hole flow is used. After that, for analyzing and designing circuits, the conventional current flow (flow of hypothetical protons) is used.

@DirinMahardika 2 года назад

Great videos as always, thank you very much🙏

@andrewmichaels5725 8 месяцев назад

Thanks man! That was very useful!

@meghna_roy08 5 месяцев назад

Thank you so much! I was so confused while reading the book.

@mcdemyr 2 года назад

I just finished up a college diploma as an electrical technician and we were all taught electron flow - negative to positive, even for all the theory courses iirc. We were taught about conventional theory but told we would use electron flow as that was what was really going on.

@kreynolds1123 9 месяцев назад

Really going on? Current convention is not incorrect. Let me explain. Electon flow and current flow are conventions. But some people fail to recognize that Both have physical representations. While Electron flow has obvious physical representation, current flow does so too in conductors and semiconductors as electron holes or lower eletron density flow that is opposite of electon flow. This view is no less physical real than electron flow.

@adisuayele2785 2 года назад

Thank you so much this video has change my understanding towards the flow of current in a great amount..

@will-cc3dx 2 года назад

Basics are very important! Thank you ❤

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

You bet!

@altuber99_athlete 2 года назад

In ideal inductors and capacitors with alternating voltage and current, conventional current flows from negative/lower potential to positive/higher potential for two quarters of a cycle, and from positive/higher potential to negative/lower potential for the other two quarters of the same cycle.

@chocolateguineapig7128 2 года назад

THANK YOU SO MUCH! this helped so much with my science homework cus i didn't understand it. u saved my lifeeeee

@avejst 2 года назад

great video as always 👍 thanks for sharing your experience with all of us 👍😀

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

My pleasure!

@JustASorcerer 2 года назад

Thank you so much this has confused me for ages!

@STEMInFocus 2 года назад

Crazy, I actually have a video dropping tomorrow about this👍🏽👍🏽. I have always struggled with making sense of both types. I usually just say that “current” moves in the opposite direction as the electrons.

@ElectroRestore Год назад

Electron flow IS the current flow. Nothing else flows BUT the electrons! ;)

@ahmedshoaib9991 2 года назад

I was enthusiastically teaching about electricity to my lil sis and I couldn't explain this, Well now I know! Thanks.

@sumantagoswami 10 месяцев назад

Thanks sir , for your explanation. Need more such videos. With love from India ❤

@nhatdang97 2 года назад

I remember being taught this in 7th grade Physics. I wasn't explained any of this and had to live with the conflict of what was taught. It was quite frustrating lol!

@Akimb321 2 года назад

I don't know if the argument "hey, we know its wrong, but we've been using this inaccurate assumption for so long, lets leave it" is really ok. Of course changing everything would not be simple, there would need to be international agreement on this etc. But this falsehood we keep teaching does not sit well with me.

@davidtodd4035 2 года назад

It drives me crazy

@hackleberrym 2 года назад

What's the point of changing something if in reality it changes nothing?

@SquillyMon 2 года назад

Falsehoods are being taught in our schools and institutions daily...in fact, that is their primary purpose sadly

@Diamonddrake 2 года назад

There’s nothing to change, electrons are negatively charged. Conventional current is just simplifying the math and is strictly equivalent. -(-) = +

@tlar1272 2 года назад

The only thing to change is if the electromagnetic force pushes or pulls electrons. There is usually an inherent false belief that accompanies electron flow. Electromagnetic force moves at the speed of light. Electrons do not.

@nikhil_06_ 2 года назад

I think you should be uploading more of these short videos not like the traditional ones but like these...it would be good for your channel...recently I haven't been able to watch your videos but I can certainly watch these types of videos even while I'm having a busy schedule! PS: I've a question, why would the battery terminals change if it was earlier know that e-s flow through the wire? I think they would remain the same, what's your say?

@pauloneves4273 2 года назад

Hi Paul. Please make a video about refrigerant recovery machines. How they work, their components and how they look inside. Thanks

@fakrulislam5404 Месяц назад

the video is very helpful for me. thank you very much.

@arylades7993 2 года назад

Thank you for your education, so helpfull...

@NullStaticVoid 2 года назад

Why would they need to "change the labels on the bateries"? The ends are properly labeled negative and positive. The erroneous presumption is the direction of movement. Negative charge wants to get to the positive charge. Same as with magnets. Or as I learned in electronics class in college (30 years ago?&$!#!) The positive side pulls, the negative pushes.

@Moses_VII 2 года назад

No need to change battery labels, you are right. Negative to positive. That's obvious. I figured out in third grade that electricity was negative from the name of the negative subatomic particle, electron.

@rajamurugesan6145 2 года назад

Thank for this video

@bobisyouruncle1 Месяц назад

Very good explanation.

@ania9875 Год назад

saved my gcses thx babe love u

@tinkmarshino 2 года назад

I wish we would tach it the correct way.. the first time I heard of this I said BS!.. My friend showed me that he was right.. I was dumbfounded.. now at 70, well, it is still strange thinking but I understand it.. you are doing the young a good service here my friend.. Carry on! that was an excellent demonstration..

@danielteyehuago1633 2 года назад

Thanks for sharing it with us

@HuyLeer 2 года назад

"magnetic refrigeration" it's a interesting subject.... i think you would study and explore one day ^^

@gus473 2 года назад

Are you thinking thermoelectric cooling....? 🤔

@michaelmentore9844 4 месяца назад

I'm enjoy listening your video

@hitanshutrivedi1799 2 года назад

Thank u sir I was having doubt in this question

@goldendragon776 2 месяца назад

thank you very much

@Z901Z 2 года назад

Brings me back to the secondary school days!

@spaceboy3101 2 года назад

Well I learned electron flow (90-92) in tech school, so that's what I like and what makes sense to me. It seems to make more sense because electrons are said to have a negative charge, so when you have an excess then you have a negative source. The positive side of the circuit has a shortage, and circuit power, like batteries, seek to balance themselves, so the excess negative electrons "find a home" in the positive location with a shortage; they balance out: The excess location flows to the shortage location.

@umargul5644 2 года назад

Greater job

@hailrose_chan5780 2 года назад

Ik ur doing ur best for ur job ND Id blame u for dat cuz wat Ik is dat I've been there as well...ND also thank for this video it rlly help me understand well🙏🙏😭💙

@bendeleted9155 2 года назад

Thank you.

@joshuanoronha8019 2 года назад

good explanation bro

@tonycstech 2 года назад

This makes perfect sense. No wonder I am confused why I get shocked touching the outlet and not the outlet. 😅

@davidtodd4035 2 года назад

The flow of electrons matters greatly in welding due to the fact that not all welding processes use the same polarity. Sometimes the electrons need to flow into the electrode and sometimes they need to flow out of the electrode.For this fact all welders are labeled in electron flow.

@spaceboy3101 2 года назад

Interesting. Another side note, there has been at least one model of car produced that had a positive ground (chassis). I don't know why that would even be necessary. Seemed like a bad idea to me.

@benbart5711 10 месяцев назад

@@spaceboy3101 I know they made some cars & I thought some commercial products had a Positive Ground

@UNKNOWN-zp3wn 5 месяцев назад

2:12 yeah it matters may be also in finding the direction of Magnetic field and Force applied by it.

@elmerfudd5650 Год назад

My mind is blown! But it makes sense when I think about it. I'm going to do some re thinking...

@snhapremugdha7947 2 года назад

Everyone can study and remember things but among those ....there are those who establish those materials in a lucid and understandable manner

@Random_4400 2 года назад

Interesting ...

@kempster08 2 года назад

Hey, can you do a video on the difference between a psu and smps?

@thomasmasseycontrereras8740 Год назад

I was so confused, I thought I had a seizure since I couldn't understand, thanks.

@theelectronguy873 2 года назад

Yes this is what im waiting for, another informative video, thank you for making this it helps me a lot. Live long sir, this channel is my main learning channel

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

Glad it was helpful!

@EmerInspires 10 месяцев назад

Brilliant! I'm applying my maths mindset to emotional states. I'm one of those who is all for science but not as gospel and a fun crazy abstract mind of what if and how might. True science imo. Question EVERYTHING! We constantly will judge and say that's things positive or negative emotions but it depends what state we are starting with. I know myself I suppressed emotions like anger, resentment, jealousy, blame as unwanted identities when they were the healthy response in a situation. I saw them as negative and I can't be negative. Emotions are energy and have to go somewhere. They are electrical impulses in our brains. If we don't express them when we should, we internalise them. The energy has to go somewhere. On my journey of discovery, I found my 'evil queen' 'lived' with these unwanted emotions and oh boy, the self sabotage was rampant here. This is a perfect example to share how + and - were misunderstood. Not sure if all that means anything to anyone except me 😂 but it does in my crazy fun brain 🧠 🤣

@nktrendings816 2 года назад

Super

@devluz 2 года назад

I always imagine it with electrons and “holes” for the electrons fit in. The holes “move” from positive to negative. The electrons from negative to positive. This at least makes intuitive sense to me. Two flows: The negative particles want to go to the + and the empty holes move to the -

@braumm1476 2 года назад

Hole flow is a thing, and it's not quite the same as conventional current and is involved in semiconductor theory. I recommend looking it up and reading about it. Just be prepared to have your mind bent a little bit.

@nicoleyensen7062 2 года назад

@@braumm1476 where must one go to get the masterful answers without the backwards stepping stones. I want the singular and initially more difficult to understand but unquestionably correct framework of conceptualization instead of multiple easy to interpret (but somewhat incorrect) layered explanations approach framework. If you can point me in the correct direction I would really appreciate it.

@UNKNOWN-zp3wn 5 месяцев назад

2:12 yeah it matters may be also in finding the direction of Magnetic field and Force applied by it.

@alializadeh8195 2 года назад

Thanx

@moisty254 2 года назад

It's crazy because we wire circuit protections on the positive, which is technically at the end of the circuit, so it protects the end first when currents get high. So vehicles and buildings are protected in reverse.

@jasonbrown467 2 года назад

when i put a large load on my battery bank, the positive terminal is the one that gets warm and its terminal is bigger than the negative. is this electron flow direction somehow related to this observation?

@philhooper4196 2 года назад

You can also look it at positive charges (holes-missing electrons) moving from the positive terminal to the negative terminal. These holes collect at resistive components, creating your individual voltage drops. Reactive components (inductor and capacitor), will create a up to a 90 phase change in voltage relative to the applied voltage due to components time to charge (caps) and create magnetic fields (inductors-coils).

@crappymeal 2 года назад

leave my brain alone lol

2 года назад

I agree. I understand it better that way.

@ElectroRestore Год назад

Sorry Phil, but holes can't move! The "holes" (dumb terminology by the way) are simply orbital positions on the outside of the nucleus, that electrons can move in to, and out of. The atoms stay put (law of physics for solids), and the electrons move from atom to atom, from negative to positive!

@Devdas2027 2 года назад

12 class my first chapter Sir you are great . Sir I

@rickthorp8363 2 года назад

When I went through Navy Electronics Technician School, we learned electron flow theory, and were told about "hole theory", but that was the "civilian" way of explaining it, however inaccurate it was. Anyhow, now I have to remember whom I'm talking too on the civilian side when talking electron speak 🤣.

@spaceboy3101 2 года назад

We learned electron flow in civy tech school in 90-92. In fact, our teacher was an ex Air Force satellite tech. I recall him saying that conventional theory was what engineers used & we could expect to use that if we became engineers, and that techs used electron flow. That was the end of that, and it was never touched on again.

@johannesmajamaki2626 2 года назад

Hole theory is also used in Finnish constitutional law. If you go through the process to amend the constitution, you can pass a bill that makes an exception to it (a hole). Then it you want to amend that bill, whether you need to get the supermajority depends on whether you're making the hole bigger or smaller.

@ElderGod29 2 года назад

As an embedded systems engineer, this damn basic concept confuses me often. Scratching my head thinking about it a lot wasn't helping me xD. This guy here makes life easy for any electrical science aspirant.

@onniaram 2 года назад

Thanks

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

Thank you, Elena.

@anshadedavana 6 месяцев назад

Basically what terminal should be named as positive got named as negative and vice versa. Another interesting thing to know is the concept of electron having negative charge and protons having positive charge is just arbitrary. Electron is first identified as a particle which comes from the Cathod terminal of the tube. Since the Cathode is connected to the nagative terminal of a battery, Electron is assumed to have a negative charge and Proton which has an opposite charge to Electron assumed to have Positive charge. It's the error which happened with battery caused the Electron to be associated with negative.

@AvenEngineer 2 года назад

Drift velocity and Poynting vectors next? Lets melt some brains!

@srijangautam4533 2 года назад

Nice video

@EngineeringMindset 2 года назад

Thanks

@moinshaikh1963 2 года назад

there more than just changing the battery terminal names for adopting the correct flow of current. The sign conventions, thumb rules and many of the theorems used in engineering circuit analysis have already been set for conventional flow of current!!!

@DiowE 2 года назад

And we are here to change it, because reality comes before our "conventions". [DiowE]

@karhukivi 2 года назад

Agree!

@learnosci1522 2 года назад

Sir aap agla video is bat pe banaiye ki jab cell me electron flow hota hai to jata kaha hai

@gull5122 7 месяцев назад

nice

@nebukednazar Год назад

Now ı want to know. Do electrons were stored in + site or - site in a new (unused) current ordinary battery? Thanks

@deeduck2038 2 года назад

Thanks, I thought the negative was going to move towards the positive.

@anond2015 9 месяцев назад

So is the true negative of a battery labeled +? Because every video demonstrates the electrons flowing from the flat end. It's also implied that the electrons flow from the nipple end; that's why they called that end positive before the electron flow model. Are diodes mislabeled? Or is the electron flow version of the animation misleading?

@portaadonai 2 года назад

I am an electrician. Someone on TED talks said they think electricity flows at about the speed of honey dripping from a spoon on electrical wiring. This fascinated me. I would love to hear more about it in a video? Just a thought

@carultch 2 года назад

Remember, a metal conductor is analogous to a pipe that starts out ALREADY filled with water. Even if just a little bit of water enters at the source, water still exits at the faucet long before the source water gets there. This is why you need to let your sink run, to get hot water, even if you have an instant source of hot water. There are trillions of charge carriers in an electrical conductor that propagate the current. The way they add up, makes one electron drift at a very slow speed. The fact that there are so many of them, is what enables them to propagate energy at a significant fraction of the speed of light, through the propagation of the electric field, despite an individual electron's average drift speed being barely anything.

@rozakhakimova7169 2 года назад

I got the notion of conventional current, I do not understand - Why we would need to change name of the batteries..?? How would it help?

@hygenz26 2 года назад

Does it has something to do with fuse placement? I've been told that you must place fuse before the component that you want to protect from positive terminal

@PlayboyHZ 2 года назад

A normal fuse is just a thin wire that is rated to carry some current. If you exceed that current, the wire Will burn and create an open circuit (no current passes through) Fuses are placed after your main power switch.

@invaderzim1964 10 месяцев назад

For simple devices like resistors and lamps, they function the same regardless of the direction of electron flow. Diodes and other devices, electron flow is only allowed one direction. How doors conventional current diagrams get around this?

@bobcat9501 2 года назад

We’ll add it to the curriculum along with crt

@prathapreddy4518 2 года назад

Bro please make on welding machine working process

@LucasTigy2 Год назад

so if you were jump-starting a car, and you connect the negative terminal to ground, does this mean you are pulling electrons from the "ground" you are attached to into the battery or is something else happening?

@anthonysova7117 2 года назад

Nice vid PAUL my advice pick one - know both. How about this the poles of the earth are switched geographic north is magnetic South Pole CHEERS PAUL

@godiya6395 Год назад

They keep saying it doesn't matter but I have been wondering until now why I have to remove the negative head of my car battery to prevent drain and not the positive. Thank God