Could the Sun be hiding a black hole?

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00:00 Introduction
00:31 Hawking's primordial black holes
01:54 How a black hole could power a star
03:02 Primordial black holes as dark matter
03:48 How a PBH could get inside the Sun
04:23 Modeling the Sun
05:46 Sponsor message: Aura
07:35 Evolution of the Sun with a black hole
13:03 Detecting Hawking Stars through asteroseismology
14:02 What if the Sun doesn't expand into a red giant?
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🧭 References:
Bellinger et al, 2023: arxiv.org/abs/2312.06782
Caplan et al, 2023: arxiv.org/abs/2312.07647
Hawking, 1971: ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/197...
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Опубликовано:

12 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 149

@AstroAnimatorVFX 4 месяца назад

It was an honor and a pleasure to work with you, my friend! Let's continue to embrace the infinite curiosity that leads us through the stars, forever wondering at the mysteries of the universe.

@AlineAquino1 4 месяца назад

❤

@ossiedunstan4419 13 дней назад

Thumbs down for being an ANTI EDUCATOR.Can you post your membership to the discovery institute and pragerU please, just so people know how dishonest you are.

@dancingwiththedogsdj 4 месяца назад

Christian!! So wonderful to see a great video on black holes and the sun... always a pleasure to watch! Have a great day!!!

@junkdriver42 4 месяца назад

An excellent discussion on the topic of PBH's. Man, I love this channel.

@jacoblahr 4 месяца назад

🎶black hole sun Wont you come And wash away the rain Black hole sun wont you come wont you come🎶 -RIP Chris Cornell 🤘

@VikingTeddy 4 месяца назад

Beat me to it 🤘

@pipertripp 4 месяца назад

transported back to the mid 90's. That was a creepy video.

@nicolasolton 4 месяца назад

Quasar sun.

@pipertripp 4 месяца назад

Very cool. The size of the convection zone is absolutely insane given the size of the black hole that is driving it.

@AdamLeuer 4 месяца назад

The 2007 film Sunshine was about a mission to save a future dying Sun. It’s never explicitly stated in the movie itself what’s causing the Sun to dim, but if you listen to Brian Cox’s (science advisor on the film’s) Blu-ray commentary, his personal headcanon was that a small black hole had somehow found its way inside.

@t16205 4 месяца назад

I really enjoyed this video! Tnx

@DerkMiester 4 месяца назад

I love when science channels explain how to read graphs for the data they are presenting! Thank you!!

@YouTubbaer 4 месяца назад

This is quality content at its best, bravo! 👍😃

@mcclonen77 4 месяца назад

i have always appreciate your videos throughout the year. you have an awesome job

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

I appreciate that so much!

@justexactlyperfectbrothersband 4 месяца назад

Its just the anthem of the sun, asteroseismology sounds just exactly perfect to me for listening to them sing our blues away.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Damn, you're good!

@smeeself 4 месяца назад

Excellent video, as usual. Thanks for all your efforts. 👍😃

@anthonyfrench3169 4 месяца назад

Christian, it's great to see another episode of yours. I'm kinda curious with the Astroseismology. Would we be able to hear that through NASA's sonification project?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

That a different project, actually. What NASA (and others) do there is sonify the data by adding tones to data values. So you can "hear" a plot, a graph, or even an image, which is great for accessibility (not to mention really cool!). Asteroseismolgy is monitoring the star's flickering to tease out the physical sound waves bouncing around inside the star, and from there determine the star's interior structure.

@AlineAquino1 4 месяца назад

What an amazing video! So many interesting insights about the sun. In relation to so many things that I'm only seeing on this channel. I am very happy about the partnership with the Brazilian Cristiano Brandão. He has been one of the promoters bringing so many details, so much rich information about space exploration, enriching scientific dissemination in Brazil. Congratulations on your work, guys.❤

@sadderwhiskeymann 4 месяца назад

I looove this kind of vids❤ Mooore plz 😁

@lobstereleven4610 4 месяца назад

Soundgarden mentioned! 🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉

@aromaticsnail 4 месяца назад

Mad respect for all astrophysicists! I must be hard to stay positive

@dewiz9596 4 месяца назад

7:32 Or, you could just set your phone to “Silence Unknown Callers”. Very, very few get past my voicemail welcome message

@boogieboss 4 месяца назад

Great video👍🏻

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Thanks!

@jitindhingra 4 месяца назад

Informative thank you

@cykkm 4 месяца назад

I think the key observation against Hawking stars may be that the sub-subgiant (SSG) population is very low. If a sizeable fraction of Sun-like stars would bear PBHs, and, if I understand correctly, the model predicts the dwell time of the Sun-like star in this region of about 1/4 to 1/3 of its total lifespan and no major reduction in lifetime for certain PBH mass range, then the SSG population would be much higher than observed. Am I making sense? It would be super to run the simulation with a range of M/K-dwarf masses because they're the most common and very long-living, and compare its prediction with the actual HRD. With some luck this may rule out if not Hawking stars entirely, then at least constrain the range of PBH masses. I'm assuming there's hardly an astrophysical reason for M/K-stars to be less likely to catch a PBH than G-stars. Also, even a low-mass PBH would affect the red dwarf relative lifetime dramatically. I have a hunch that the red dwarf simulation would predict a whole unobserved class of weird stars on its own, even for low initial PBH masses. Hmm... come think of it, I have access to quite a cluster in a cloud, and if I can get my hands on their codes...

@kagannasuhbeyoglu 4 месяца назад

I couldn't watch the last 5 videos. The same quality content has been published, thank you LpA. Great information 👍

@steveleisten1189 4 месяца назад

Well done !! 💥

@infinitumneo840 4 месяца назад

Your channel is the best.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Wow, thank you so much!

@sparkywaztaken 3 месяца назад

this channel was recommended to me by some other astronomy geeks, so ill check it out! ill update! edit: i forgot to update lol, its good!

@zenohamzi3714 4 месяца назад

Dear Chris, what great educational work you are doing. I wonder if you can explain how the expansion of the universe or Hubble constant is derived from the microwave background as compared to the type 1a supernova, that would be greatly appreciated

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Thank you very much! I've been meaning to do a series on cosmology for some time so those sound like great suggestions!

@zlm001 4 месяца назад

Thanks.

@DonDonnieDon 4 месяца назад

I’m heavy into late stage stellar evolution.

@amandawright4915 4 месяца назад

That's probably why me & him would have absolutely loved being around each other.Steven Hawking was one of the last geniuses.

@drmantistoboggan2870 4 месяца назад

You think hawking would have loved being around you?

@NERDAOS50 4 месяца назад

Incrideble! The idea of a black hole on the sun is amazing. Congratulations by video, And @AstroAnimatorVFX too for some of animations on it.

@aussiemanreacts 3 месяца назад

Fascinating

@infinitumneo840 4 месяца назад

This theory is intriguing to contemplate. This would explain certain stars disappearing quickly without a supernova event.

@smeeself 4 месяца назад

Thanks

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Thank you so much!!!!

@smeeself 4 месяца назад

@LaunchPadAstronomy It's just a coffee, you deserve it. Or a drink to fortify your already extraordinary patience in the comment section. 🫣

@tufonkin2707 4 месяца назад

Is PBH position stable in the center of the star? Could it be thrown out of the star by convection?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

My understanding is that it would depend on how the star acquires the PBH. In the nominal star-forming scenario, it should reach the center of the core and be more or less stable, but I don't know how well-modeled that is. There's also a chance that if the PBH arrived late to the game, it might not even sink to the core center until long after the star leaves the main sequence.

@tufonkin2707 4 месяца назад

@@LaunchPadAstronomy Nice topic for the next paper!

@JohnnyWednesday 4 месяца назад

So a selection of stars from old astronomy plates mysteriously disappeared without leaving a trace and black hole suns could suddenly disappear?

@DolphLundgrensDolphinDungeon 4 месяца назад

Christian Ready

@usptact 4 месяца назад

What about two black holes, which orbit each other, inside a star?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

In principle yes though they could eventually merge.

@TheDanEdwards 4 месяца назад

"the universe was so small" - while that is often repeated, I'll challenge you on that. There is no upper size limit to the universe today, all we have is a lower size boundary of the observable universe. This makes extrapolation backwards in time a tricky business, when one speaks of the size of the universe. I get that you mean _the universe was so _*_dense_*_ before the CMB_ , which of course still can raise the spectre of primordial BHs.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

I also mean small as well, even though it was likely infinite at the time :)

@sadderwhiskeymann 4 месяца назад

🤯

@Jezee213 4 месяца назад

would those primordial black holes evaporate due to the small size?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

If they're too small yes, but there's a mass range that could still exist today.

@Jezee213 4 месяца назад

@@LaunchPadAstronomy ok, so the radius doesn't matter as long as the mass is sufficient?

@lohphat 4 месяца назад

Where would the fusion pressure come from to keep the outer layers of the star from collapsing? If there was a BH at the core it would be absorbing energy not creating pressure to prevent collapse.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Believe it or not, there would be a substantial amount of radiation pressure eventually coming from Bondi accretion sphere around the BH! I addressed this in the video.

@naamadossantossilva4736 4 месяца назад

11:51 That is why i can't believe it.There should be plenty of stars in this vacant lot.

@andiralosh2173 4 месяца назад

but will it wash away the rain?

@areamusicale 4 месяца назад

Wouldn't the "sun" spin faster than any other star and therefore acquire an oval shape? ... or either stop rotating at all as matter that falls into a black hole lose its momentum?

@tufonkin2707 4 месяца назад

Could PBH be inside Jupiter instead of the Sun?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

I don't believe that scenario has been modeled but if the PBH were tiny enough then it could easily be there and we wouldn't have any way of telling by this time.

@bbbl67 4 месяца назад

So the Bondi Sphere is 2x the Event Horizon radius, so it would make it exactly the same thing as the ISCO of a standalone black hole wouldn't it?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

My understanding is that unlike disk accretion, Bondi accretion is spherical so at a minimum, the Bondi region is where matter is really feeling the gravitational pull of the central object and is going to get pulled towards it. Arguably it would join in the pile up near the BH, and some of it will eventually fall in, but the rest could be converted into energy.

@bbbl67 4 месяца назад

@@LaunchPadAstronomy I don't think it makes too much difference if the material is in a disk form or spherical form, eventually it just all goes inside the BH, if it's below the ISCO or Bondi horizon.

@Alexander_Sannikov 4 месяца назад

I recently wrote a GPU-based gravity simulation for recreational purposes. One thing I learned from playing with is that "black holes consume all matter around them" is a misconception, because technically the Sun is currently in the process of consuming the Earth and all other planets of its system as well, but the process is extremely slow and for us the solar system looks like its orbits are completely stable. The same happens with black hole accretion disks: if they have enough angular momentum, they can keep orbiting their black hole in a practically stable configuration. So the "all-consuming" aspect of black holes is mostly relevant when matter falls directly into a black hole, which, given its size is unlikely, and matter is actually much more likely to start orbiting the black hole as if it's just an equivalent point mass, in a configuration that might look completely stable to an observer.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Yep! As I teach my students, "black holes don't suck" :)

@markbailey8065 4 месяца назад

BINGO

@kadourimdou43 4 месяца назад

Blackhole Sun Won’t you come And wash away the rain.

@GeoStreber 4 месяца назад

In my eyes, indisposed In disguises no one knows Hides the face, lies the snake In the sun in my disgrace Boiling heat, summer stench 'Neath the black, the sky looks dead Call my name through the cream And I'll hear you scream again

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

I couldn't get that song out of my head ever since I started working on the video.

@GeoStreber 4 месяца назад

There's worse earworms. Like how the urge to sing "The lion sleeps tonight" is always only just a whim away. A whim away. A whim away. @@LaunchPadAstronomy

@Locut0s 4 месяца назад

It’s insane a black hole the mass of mercury would be the size of a grain of sand 😂😮

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

The most compact objects in the universe, I'm telling ya :)

@Locut0s 4 месяца назад

@@LaunchPadAstronomy it’s actually an excellent mental depiction of just how much normal matter is empty space !

@MisterPikol 4 месяца назад

if it were, wouldn't the sun activity be way more violent ?

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Surprisingly no! For most of its lifetime at least.

@nicklaw8329 4 месяца назад

I took your class in 2022

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Good to see you, Nick!

@sadderwhiskeymann 4 месяца назад

Now i feel envious. A lot.

@Khannea 4 месяца назад

"Apartheid" Aura doesn't serve international markets, only US. You can only register with a credit card linked to a SSN in the US.

@Jimmy-B- 4 месяца назад

Everyone is on this at the moment - what happened

@ronaldkemp3952 4 месяца назад

LOL.

@quantomic1106 4 месяца назад

But will it come to wash away the rain?

@amandawright4915 4 месяца назад

You're using my knowledge

@drmantistoboggan2870 4 месяца назад

This is everyones knowledge 😂

@amandawright4915 4 месяца назад

This was written in my thesis years ago. Which means it's my hypothesis & I have time & dates regarding that.

@drmantistoboggan2870 4 месяца назад

@@amandawright4915 gasp! You must be the only person to ever think of think of this!

@OldNeoMatrix 4 месяца назад

NO!

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

You might want to check out the video first :)

@PorchPotatoMike 4 месяца назад

Now I have that crappy song in my head… 😡

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

You're welcome :)

@KaiseruSoze 4 месяца назад

If you treat the electrostatic force of a proton as a field of curvature, then you've got your micro black hole. At the center of your x.

@InformantNet 4 месяца назад

Could the sun be hiding a black hole? Short answer: no. We know the mass of our sun.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Not to the precision needed to rule out a black hole, however 😏

@InformantNet 4 месяца назад

@@LaunchPadAstronomy A black hole would require 2-3 solar masses. It's not possible that our science is off by 300%

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

I don't suppose you watched the video by any chance? If not, you might want to check it out because I'm talking about a very different kind of black hole.

@Flags.crosses.trailerparks 4 месяца назад

Supposition is fun but offers nothing empirical.

@Etrehumain123 4 месяца назад

I don't even get why there are different black holes. They all have infinite mass, don't they ? They should be all equal, and having an infinite influence while being just a singular point in space. Im lost.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Black holes can have different masses, spins, and charges, but (in the conventional interpretation) they all have infinite mass-energy density at their singularities. So as you approach BH's event horizon, no matter how large or small it is, the gravity increases and your escape velocity goes to the speed of light. But away from the BH, the gravity and escape speed rapidly drop of to what you'd expect if they were just ordinary objects of that mass. Hope that helps!

@kapikoyli 4 месяца назад

SciFi scenario.

@Sippi81 4 месяца назад

ok so there was the dark matter hiding

@pjhgerlach 4 месяца назад

No! Next video...

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Thank you for watching.

@pjhgerlach 4 месяца назад

@@LaunchPadAstronomy Next time refrain from clickbait titles.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Hmm...perhaps you didn't watch the video.

@pjhgerlach 4 месяца назад

@@LaunchPadAstronomy The core needs to be at least 1.4 solar masses. So the title should be better 'Why doesn't the sun have a black hole in its center' It's just as meaningless as ' are the pyramids dimensional portals?'

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

You night want to take a look at the video.

@davidowen449 4 месяца назад

great vid but us humans will be the end of humanity long long before any cosmical event turns the earth into Mars. the achievement is how much we know in fractions of cosmological time and is a testimony to life itself, however, at the same time bad evolves, hate evolves, and AI evolves. Good night people, lets go back to the Stars xx

@lifeisstr4nge 4 месяца назад

It shouldnt be the case because a black hole would eat the sun very very quickly.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

You might want to check out the video :)

@sadderwhiskeymann 4 месяца назад

The "vacuum cleaner" model of BHs is outdated 😂 Seriously though, BHs form an accretion disk around them, where matter moves insanely fast creating friction. That friction creates energy in a surprising efficiency, bigger than nuclear fusion by an order of magnitude, if i remember correctly the number. But it's certainly more 🤯

@PelenTan 4 месяца назад

I just lost a huge amount of respect for Stephen Hawking. "Oh! We can't detect as many almost undetectable particles as our flawed calculations say there should be, so there must be a black hole in the middle of the sun!"

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Oh I dunno. I think it's fine to offer some theoretical predictions in a "what if" scenario. Still, as I said in the video, even Hawking wasn't insisting or claiming the Sun really held a BH.

@sadderwhiskeymann 4 месяца назад

@PelenTan yeah man, chill. He said already that the late professor didn't think much of it, just offered an alternative "what if" proposal. Please be more respectful. (I know this is "the internet" but show some respect for an accomplished scientist)

@swenic 4 месяца назад

5:55 Come on man, you're unwanted interrupting and distracting spam ads in the middle of your content is losing you viewer appreciation and subscribers. I wish for you to be exposed in the content that you want to consume, be it research, daydreaming pleasure, news or anything else for your attentive interest, just as you expose others.

@markm734 4 месяца назад

You shouldn't spread misinformation.

@LaunchPadAstronomy 4 месяца назад

Huh? The research was published in a peer-reviewed journal.

@drmantistoboggan2870 4 месяца назад

They arent. Youre delusional

@gabisuk7396 4 месяца назад

it's about the time to give the name to a black hole or dark matter -(it's not what it is - it's what it does), revise the functionality and stop this nonsense spreading.

@TheDanEdwards 4 месяца назад

"and stop this nonsense spreading" - which "nonsense" is that?

@sadderwhiskeymann 4 месяца назад

(I'm just popping to get a notification on the answer. Don't mind me)

@gabisuk7396 4 месяца назад

For a start , All thees objects is energetic points in space holding its position accordingly to other bigger energetic structures. Meter is always a secondary .....

@sadderwhiskeymann 4 месяца назад

@@gabisuk7396 Thanx for your answer. I have to say though, 2 things: a) you appear a bit hostile at your OP, which is something unnecessary to say the least. It seems like you almost attack the launchpad astronomy creator for using the scientifically accepted terms. b) if you have a different model is exciting to share and let the world know, however you have to back it up with a ton of math which I am not only too stupid to calculate, but even understand. As well as it has to match with past observation *and* has to make predictions. If I may ask, do you have academic training to perform these tasks?

@gabisuk7396 4 месяца назад

@@sadderwhiskeymann Why create this content without a fundamental understanding of astrophysics. You should first figure out how our solar system works, with all the energy exchange vectors. And the rest will clear out...