Asta literally fought Licht, who used light magic. He's sensing Chi in the area where and when Licht intends to make his Light magic occur based on Lichts intent and then reacting to the light attack. This seems more precise than Deku danger sense ability. Since Asta dodges light attacks after sensing it and dodges all of Zagrad's regular non-agic swords, I think asta should be able to dodge all of Deku's attacks.
Actually base asta in my opinion pretimeskip has WAY bettwr light speed metas compared to deku. He was already facing off against beings who could move faster than patry(Who was posing as licht, the light magic mage) with the aid of his friends. And as the series progressed he gets many times faster and this is without including his transformations. And in the post timeskip, the scaling gets crazy. There is even a cannon muktiplier for on eof the antagonist which shows tha he is around 500 stronger than another character that was relative to black asta pretimeskip who was fighting faster than light characters. And all of these was before he got devil union and there is another post timeskip where he gets many times stronger again like tge powercreep is crazy in that show. Even in pretimeskip it has milticontinental to moon level scaling and with miltipliers and other methods you coild get it to planetary
