The name Dharamsala is derived from the original Sanskrit words dharma (धर्म) and shala (शाला), which can be translated as 'spiritual dwelling' or, more loosely, 'sanctuary'.
In Hindi, the word dharamshala usually means a shelter or guesthouse for pilgrims. Traditionally, such "dharamshalas" were built near places of pilgrimage (usually in remote areas) in order to provide a resting place for pilgrims. It can be assumed that the city got its name due to its location near one of these Dharmashals.
The history of Dharamsala has been linked to Hinduism and Buddhism since ancient times.
In the XVIII century, Tibetan settlers built numerous monasteries here, but it is believed that the monasteries gave way to traditional Hindu buildings. Almost the entire local population (Gaddi) are Hindus. The cult of Shiva and Durga is mainly widespread.
In 1848, the area was annexed by Great Britain, and a year later a military garrison settled in the city. In 1852, Dharamsala became the administrative capital of the Kangra region and a popular hill station among the British.
During a strong earthquake in 1905, which killed about 20,000 people, the city was almost destroyed, as well as the neighboring city of Kangra. After that, government offices moved to the city of Shimla, which is not located on a tectonic fault line (see Fault) and is less seismic. In Dharamsala, even now, weak earthquakes are not uncommon.
In 1959, the XIV Dalai Lama left Tibet, and in 1960 accepted the offer of Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru to use this place for the work of the Tibetan government in exile. The Assembly of Tibetan People's Deputies, the Tibetan legislative body, began to hold sessions here.
Since then, many Tibetan refugees (for example, Ani Pachen lived here) have settled in the city. Most of them live in Upper Dharamsala (McLeod Ganj), where they founded monasteries, temples, schools. The city is sometimes referred to as "Little Lhasa" and has also become a tourist and commercial hub.
Since 2002, the Miss Tibet contest has been held in Dharamsala.
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