Diclofenac Tablet: Uses, Dosage, Mechanism of Action, Side Effects, and Important Advice 

Diclofenac and celecoxib are both nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation, but they have some important differences: 1. Mechanism of Action: Diclofenac: Diclofenac works by inhibiting both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes. COX enzymes are responsible for the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in the inflammatory process. Celecoxib: Celecoxib, on the other hand, is a selective COX-2 inhibitor. It specifically targets the COX-2 enzyme and doesn't significantly affect COX-1. This selectivity is believed to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects associated with traditional NSAIDs, as COX-1 plays a role in protecting the stomach lining. 2. Gastrointestinal Safety: Diclofenac: Diclofenac has a higher risk of causing gastrointestinal side effects like stomach ulcers, bleeding, and indigestion, especially with long-term use. Celecoxib: Celecoxib is considered to have a lower risk of gastrointestinal complications compared to non-selective NSAIDs like diclofenac. This makes it a preferred choice for individuals with a history of stomach issues. 3. Cardiovascular Risk: Diclofenac: Diclofenac has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes, particularly when used at high doses or for extended periods. Celecoxib: Celecoxib also carries a potential cardiovascular risk, but it may be somewhat lower than that of some non-selective NSAIDs. However, it's essential to use it cautiously in individuals with heart disease or risk factors. 4. Prescription Status: - Diclofenac: Diclofenac is available both as a prescription and over-the-counter medication, depending on the formulation and dosage. Celecoxib: Celecoxib typically requires a prescription from a healthcare provider. 5. Dosage and Formulations: Both diclofenac and celecoxib are available in various formulations, including tablets, capsules, and topical gels. The specific dosage and form should be determined by a healthcare professional based on the individual's needs and medical history. 6. Indications: - Both drugs are used to manage pain and inflammation in conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other musculoskeletal disorders. - Celecoxib may be preferred in some cases due to its gastrointestinal benefits, especially in patients with a history of stomach issues. 7. Allergic Reactions: - Individuals who are allergic to sulfa drugs should avoid celecoxib as it contains a sulfonamide moiety. Diclofenac does not have this issue. It's crucial to note that both diclofenac and celecoxib are associated with potential side effects, and their use should be supervised by a healthcare provider. The choice between them should be based on individual factors, including the patient's medical history, risk factors, and specific therapeutic needs. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting or switching any medication.