Different Types of Stars and Their Classification (Universe Sandbox 2 + Space Engine) 

77% of stars are red dwarfs, 12% of stars are orange dwarfs, 7sh% of stars are sun like stars yellow dwarf, 1% of stars are F type stars, 0.6% of stars are white stars, 0.1% of stars are B type stars, 0.0005% of stars are O type.

When he said "Red Giants are the most common stars" I thinked he mistaked it for red dwarfs

2:20-3:21 T-Type * 3:21-4:16 L-Type * 4:16-6:44 M-Type * 6:44-8:45 K-Type * 8:45-9:40 G-Type * 9:40-13:33 F-Type 13:33-16:56 A-Type * 16:56-17:24 B-Type

+4:48 "red Giants are the most common star in our solar system... but this is not our sun." Um...

Thank you Anton, for bringing spacial knowledge to us all. You do an amazing job of it. Also, you made me discover Space Engine, but unfortunately my PC cannot run it very well, so that's sad, but I am very thankful of you showing it to us. Please keep feeding our ever-questioning minds.

Oh yes and you've helped me explain these classifications much better to my astronomy teacher than I could have.

I remember i was not a fan of this format, but i used to watch anyway and give a like to support the channel. Now your work is excellent and i'm happy with your progress, wanderful young lad.

One Big And Ferocious Goat Killed Me. That's how I remembered the stellar types in astronomy classes lol

When you said it was a red giant did you mean red dwarf? Cause it is soooo much smaller than the Sun

12:58 Welcome to the Atlantic and Pacific puddle, these once used to be the largest bodies of water on earth... Wait they still are.. BTW, watching this in 2020, You've grown a lot. Keep at it wonderful Anton..

I was going to go watch another video but it actually turned out very interesting and answered my questions about the different stars... Thanks

I love your channel. Thanks so much for being so interested in these topics and sharing that passion with all of us. Keep up the great work!

It is interesting how a relatively small change in mass causes a major difference in temperature and brightness. A logarithmic scale.

4:45 - mistake! Red dwarf, NOT red giant!!!

AMAZING video man

Excellent video! Thanks. Leant so much, keep up the great work! 😃

Classes M-Mirach K Kaus Koerus F-Fornasis G-Go Sun A-Altair B-Belatrix O-Orionis C

You: Brown dwarf stars are not in this list. L T and Y type stars: did you forget about us?

A type A main sequence star is not a "white dwarf." White dwarfs are stellar remnants after stellar evolution is finished.

you mean red dwarf not giant 4:50

Liked this very much- good idea in relating star types to how they might effect earth!

Our sun is actually a white main sequence star not a yellow dwarf. But our sun is still 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The reason why our sun sometimes looks yellow on Earth it is because the gases in the air make the sun look yellow.

Types of stars Dwarf Main-Sequence Giant Hypergiant Supergiant

And you did explain the percentage of main sequence stars, But I don’t know the percentage of dead stars, such as white dwarfs,neutron stars, and black holes.

by far the most helpful video I ve seen on your channel

The most common star is a red DWARF and it is M star

Sorry for all the nitpicks. Astronomy is my field and I can't help pontificating about it.

And one of the most common collisions in the universe is a collision of main sequence stars, And I call these collisions, merge novae, well it’s a good name for collision, because it looks like the stars are merging, And also these collisions varies a lot, and they can be both rare(rare ones for example are colliding blue giant stars), and common(most common ones for example are colliding red dwarfs), And as usual only a small percentage of binary pairs can collide, and chances are lower the more rare the stars get, And amazingly these collisions can also explain a lot of mysteries? Including how blue stragglers(also know as vampire or/and cannibal stars) and how some/most low mass stars form(red dwarfs are the ultimate example of stars that don’t usually form through typical star formation,because red dwarfs form very slowly?), And in fact all objects collide(including failed stars such as brown dwarfs) and high mass stars (including the rare and bizarre wolf Rayet stars). And these can help understand how the most(and least) massive stars form,including how r136a1(the most massive star ever discovered) form!?

Enjoyed the demonstration.

About the first one, I was trying to make a gas giant 50 times Jupiter's size and the planet kept heating up, thank you for informing me why that happened Edit:okay, at one point I made my gas giant around 100 times Jupiter's size and it looked like a star that was legitimately the color brown

Interesting how the name of the star is always one step behind, e.g. brown dwarfs are actually red, red dwarfs are yellow, and yellow dwarfs like our sun are white

Love it how he admits Jupiter CAN be a star

The temperature of brown dwarfs does not come from internal pressure. Brown dwarfs actually have *fusion*. But they cannot fuse hydrogen through the p-p chain. They fuse *deuterium*, essentially using the second part of the p-p chain reaction, but using natural abundance of deuterium. Of course, there's very little deuterium available, which is why the energy brown dwarfs generate is very little, and thus they don't glow too brightly, nor do they start inflating into large sizes like slightly bigger red dwarfs do.

You had to lock the stars into place so they don't move around. ☀️

I tried to do this with the latest Universe Sandbox 2 and it just won't happen. At ~2000K Jupiter becomes a small star and no matter how much I increase its mass after this point the temperature won't rise.

Crazy this text might sound is that the rarest stars in the universe are yellow hyper giant stars which only 15 are discovered. Which is dozens of times rarer then wolf rayet stars which there are 500 of them.

When I was a kid I memorized the main sequence star types by the acronym Oh Be A Fine Girl, Kiss Me Right Now Sweetie.

Lot of slip-ups regarding the names of stars like calling a red dwarf a red giant, calling our sun a yellow dwarf star when it's just a G main sequence star, and calling an A star a white dwarf etc. But overall really enjoyed the video and great demonstration.

K-Type and G-Type Stars are my favorite Stars.

Are giant Rocky Brown Dwarfs possible? Since Mega-Earths (massive sold planets higher than ten Earth masses) exist?

Went from calling it a red giant to a red dwarf Anton's rare blunders

About 4:40, you called the red dwarf a red giant.

A 90 mass Jupiter is not a RED Giant that is a low mass Red dwarf star

Oddly enough all star color types can become white dwarfs(including O type white dwarfs). In depends on the mass of stars in order for them to grow into supergiants and then go supernova. A star needs more than 8 times the mass of the sun in order to go supernova. I did predict that most blue straggler stars will end their lives as white dwarfs, even if they are incredibly bright. Most stars in the night sky will go supernova and eventually create more blue stars that will die out as white dwarfs(and even repeat the going supernova cycle again). And the most hottest white dwarf forming stars will still die quickly(as long as few hundred million years)and eventually evolve into super large red giant stars or become white yellow giant stars that will eventually shed their outer layers and become white dwarfs. And white dwarfs made from these stars can last longer than other white dwarfs, since they can be super hot up to millions of degrees Fahrenheit. Making theirs life span as long as 100 billion billion years, and as long as these white dwarf aren’t part of a binary system. They can last forever.

Really nice simulations!!

wow great work!!!!

I love how our knowledge of the cosmos is increasing at such a rate as we keep having to create new categories for recently discovered phenomenon. It also helps to keep in mind that as a general rule the more massive an object is, the less common it will be, which is promising because it means the Universe should contain many more Earth sized planets then Jupiter sized ones, and almost certainly far more of both compared to Red Dwarfs.

Hey cool video Anton

This is great! I've found a great new astronomy channel СПАСИБО БОЛЬШОЕ!!!

I like it!

Question... What about composition? Planets are full different elements. Stars are basically hydrogen and helium. If you turn a planet into a star by increasing its mass (as you did with jupiter) will its composition change from diveristy of elements to mostly helium and hydrogen? Thanks

4:40 NOT RED GIANT, RED DWARF! 4:47 MILKY WAY, NOT SOLAR SUSTEM!

Great video, I want to see more!

Stars with a mass of 2~3 solar mass don't become a supernova. They become a white dwarf.

4:35 It's not a red giant, it's a red dwarf. And it's the most common star in the universe, not the solar system.

wow this is good keep up the good work

+4:48"this is a red giant" no its still just a red dwarf

Nobody: Anton: *puts planets in the thumbnail*ㅤ

The spot on jupiter is a storm.

4:40 it is not a red giant it is a red dwarf star. The first stage where fusion begins. These are the longest living stars in the universe. No red dwarf that has ever been born has dies they are too long lived.

Anton Petrov, so your Great grand father created the Petrov's Defense. Good to know that no trolls here disliking innocent videos.

Nice videos man!

nice video.. thx

hey dude you forgot the L type, its classified as an object that glows at about 1000 K

you forgot about purple hypergiant stars

ah yes, now its red giant, the most common star in our solar system

Most common star in our 'Solar System'?

Hey can you play some more space engine, mostly for sightseeing, I think its a gorgeous game.

That's not a white dwarf... White dwarfs are star core remnants made up of decaying electrons. (In theory, they cool down to black dwarf but because these don't emit light or heat they are fairly hard to detect)

Actually there's one important thing universe sandbox doesn't really model yet, and that's what happens with evaporating water making the atmosphere thicker and the greenhouse effect stronger. Above a tipping point of about 70C (not 100C), the earth's oceans will start evaporating through their own greenhouse contribution from evaporating and there's no longer an equilibrium point. Water is actually a pretty effective greenhouse gas, and the process will keep going and accelerate itself until all the water is gone. At this point Earth will have turned into a Venus-like planet, with a much thicker atmosphere than it has now and temperatures at the surface of several hundred degrees C.

A K-class star would not be 260 Jupiter masses. It would have to be at least 590.

4:00 would be clsss L/T dwarf.

Anyone notice that Jupiter was shrinking when it was starting to become a star?

just out of curiosity, what will happen to the storm if the mass of jupiter does increase??? will it just disappear or can it become a black spot?

I THINK YOU MISSED THE RED GIANTS

4:40, *Red Dwarf

I knew most things about spectral classes, but from this video I learned that space engine can provide a good range of mass temp and luminosity for each class.

You missed out the M class

“scorched toast" Anton petrov

... any natural body orbiting a planet is a MOON any body that's both round and cleared its area is a planet a star orbiting a supermassive black hole with hundreds other stars is a galaxy just thought I'd clear that up for you

With B type star the earth will be so hot that it will start spewing lots of chunks

You know, actully you need to make the mass 80 time and then its a brown dwarf.

why universe sandbox in this video still classified as a red darwf is a gas giant was it a glitch?

another nice video by anton, surprised.?

4:39 Red dwarf*

what computer are You using to have such a stable game play of these wonderful space sandboxes? Im interested and don`t know if my computer could handle it.

Hopefully they will add in O-type stars in a future update, the game is still in alpha after all :P And will you do another video that goes the other way?

oh this was recommended to me 4 years later

But why is VY Canis Majoris A yellow star and not a blueish star like the a and b type?

G type main sequence yellow dwarf star is called the sun

Despite the rareness of true blue stars our galaxy is full of them

Why did you say white dwarf instead of white main sequence star

Thunbnail: oh yeah, stars have shadows

And why can't you just take like Betelgeuse? Instead of making your own Like Red Hypergiant.

Rigel is +Lemonguy's favourite star

@4:40 You said Red Giant instead of Red Dwarf and Solar System instead of the Milky Way.

its red dwarfs

Why not just increase the temperature or brightness of the stars instead of mass

Your Lordship thanks for the great lecture

Oh man, you do mix names up, eh? "Yellow dwarf", right...