What is DPS Switch?
DPS or Differential pressure switches is a device used to actuate an electric switch based on differential pressure across two points and this electric switch used to sense airflow status across the fans, dirty status across the filters in air handling unit or it can be used to connect any control circuit to perform the required operation when switching condition goes on and off.
Normally Open Switch - A Switch in which the contacts are normally open. Actuation closes the contacts.
Normally Closed Switch - A switch in which the contacts are normally closed. Actuation opens the contacts.
Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) Switch - A switch combining both normally open and normally closed switch contacts.
Null Switch - A floating contact switch with a zone of no contact. Often used to operate reversible motors.
Repetitive Accuracy - The ability of a pressure or flow switch to operate repetitively at its set point under consistent conditions.
How differential pressure switch works for fans
DPS is installed across fans in order to identify actual fan running condition by the pressure difference so, DPS positive tube must be installed after the fan or say positive side and negative tube to be installed before the fan or open to the environment or say negative side and pressure range selected as 100 pa for DPS.
1. Initially when a fan at off condition, before the fan and after fan will be same pressure, so there is no differential pressure across before and after the fan. Here pressure differential pressure or PD is zero.
PD=0pa and lesser than 100pa(range)
so here still NC and C remain the same.
2. When the fan starts to run, let us say on the negative side is 40pa and the positive side is 100pa, where the Pressure difference across the fan of the positive and negative side is
PD=100-40pa.
PD=60pa still lesser than 100pa(range).
so here still NC and C remain the same.
3. Immediately when the fan runs at high speed, let say pressure difference before the fan and after fan will be high let say 150pa in positive side and -30pa in the negative side so
PD=150pa-(-30pa)
PD=180pa which is greater than 100pa(range).
so here DPS triggers NC to NO and C.
This signal will be connected to BMS controllers or any other control circuit to perform the required operation.
Note
However, fan running condition can be monitored from relay contact of the motor control circuit panel, but here DPS is used to know the actual fan running condition by confirming flow across the fan because from the motor panel will trigger the relay but not know whether fan really running or not, sometimes motor belt damage.
How differential pressure switch works for filter
DPS is installed across the filter in order to identify filter dirty condition by the pressure difference so, DPS positive tube must be installed before the filter or say positive side(when dirty particles get into the filter, pressure will increase here) and negative tube to be installed after the filter say negative side and pressure range selected as 100 pa for DPS.
1. Initially when a fan at the off condition, before the filter and after filter will be same pressure, so there is no differential pressure across before and after the filter. here pressure differential pressure or PD is zero.
PD=0pa and lesser than 100pa(range)
so here still NC and C remain the same.
2. When the fan starts to run, let us say on the negative side is 100pa and the positive side is 105pa, where the Pressure difference across the fan of the positive and negative side is
PD=105-100pa.
PD=5pa still lesser than 100pa(range).
so here still NC and C remain the same.
3. Immediately when the dirty particles get into the AHU duct and it’s filtered by the filter, let say pressure difference before the filter and after the filter will be little high let say 180pa in positive side and 90pa in the negative side so
PD=180pa-90pa
PD=90pa still lesser than 100pa(range).
so here still NC and C remain same or say the filter is still clean and reporting to the BMS
This signal will be connected to BMS controllers or any other control circuit to perform the required operation.
4. After AHU running a long time, when more dirty particles get into the AHU duct and it’s filtered by the filter, let say pressure difference before the filter and after the filter will be high let say 220pa in positive side and 90pa in the negative side so
PD=220pa-90pa
PD=130pa is greater than 100pa(range).
So here DPS triggers NC to NO and C.
This signal will be connected to BMS controllers and report as dirty signal for filter or any other control circuit to perform the required operation.
17 авг 2021
