Discovering Unknown Polygonal walls in Lusitania - Portugal 

wow! thank you so much. to be honest I don't think there is no other channel that's dedicated to cyclopean walls, thus it made my work easier :)

Thank you. Happy to see you around.

Almendres. It's a magnificent site. Loved it. One of the convenient things about cyclopean walls or megalithic structures is that they are not packed with tourists, making the visit less stressful. On the other hand, not all people like the visit. I drag my family to all sorts of sites and they never seem to be impressed by it.

That's a "crómlech". The crómlech dos Almendros near Évora is the oldest in western Europe. About 8k years BP. It just reopened last week after six months to regenerate the grass.

​@@stevekane4922 yes, loved that place. and you are right, I should have answered Zambujeiro, that is just nearby. But Almendres was in my mind because it just got 1000 years older. It is now accepted that the megalithic age is 8k years old and not 7ky as before.

Thank you so much. You made my day. Hope you enjoy the other videos in the channel.

Thank you. Happy to see you around the channel.

Yes it is! I love it. Its on a quite remote area of Portugal, so hardly anyone visits. It's said to be "Roman", from 1 AD/BC, but the building technique is not Roman, so I believe it's another Lusitanian mix, like the Lapedo Child (neanderthal/Cro-Magnon mix). There are a ton of legends about it. It's called Centum Cellas, meaning "100 cells", due to being built for a prison of that size, an obvious exaggeration. Also called Saint Cornelius, due to the saint having been imprisoned there, despite that saint being a Pope, in Rome, in the 3rd century. And that's basically everything that it is known about it.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centum_Cellas

wow. Where?

Whereabouts in Portugal please? I live here and would like to see that.

@@johncunningham9094 Me two.

Thank you. Happy you liked. I hope you like this one too: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-BIwF-mNfOeg.html

:) :)

Thank you. I found the perfect excuse to indulge in my obsession with these walls.

Thank you so much!

Thank you. Happy that you liked it.

Me neither. early this year I found one academic paper about a place called "castro da cidadelha de jales" that had some picture that looked polygonal. Had a lot of trouble locating that place, as there was only one photo online for it. Then I started studying the Castro culture and found one clip of 2 seconds in a video with the wall in Castro Sabroso. In July went to visit those places, take some footage and they are both abandoned and the walls are barely visible. Then in September found Yeclas and Merchanas in Salamanca. And well, there we have it, my best performing video so far. It was a bit of luck and obsession because the authorities, academics have disdain for polygonal walls and hardly mention them. Now, have no idea what to do next.

Thank you.

Obrigado eu. Sugiro um outro video que espero não desapontar: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-BIwF-mNfOeg.html

Hi It's a good point, here's some jumble of ideas, still working on this maybe for a future video, sadly not looking like a future trip in Crimea. The Kurgans are young, about 3cBC at most. Aryans would have entered Eastern Europe 30BC, 3 thousand years earlier. By the time the Scythians were doing Kurgans, the cyclopean constructions were about extinct in Europe. Thus, I currently tend to the idea that: - Khazak Kurgans are an imported idea from some of the earthmounds around the world. - The Royal one in Crimea, beautiful as it is, is a Classic Greek project overseas. Maybe I'm very wrong about all this.

Maravilha. Was it well preserved? In July was in Sabroso and it was closed and covered with vegetation. A bit sad. Hope to get people interested in them.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall yes well preserved, there is small office/ store, they charge $2 Euros, I think. U can’t step near structures, there is a long wood deck around the whole area, we loved.

@@ednafernandes7054 good to know! Thanks

Oh, so happy you liked it. It's my favorite bit, had fun with it, it's extra rewarding knowing you liked it. Specially because I'm a super Asterix fan, it's the second time it makes cameos: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-TcitOOiV2bQ.html

Deceptively simple, but the trick is the test of time. Near my home there's also stretch of "dry stone" wall (brackets because it's poorly done). The wall is barely 50 years old and is 2/3 collapsed. Whilst that some of the old polygonal walls are 100 times older and taller. Getting people to build a couple of 2meters tall rock pile to last a generation is easy, making a 10 meters tall nearly vertical wall still stand after a few millenia, that's another ball game.

Really happy that you liked the comedy part. I like doing these very silly bits, but unfortunately, they tend to be some of the less popular videos on the channel (maybe I'm bad at it). For you who liked that bit, here's some other comical ideas: ru-vid.com/group/PLKwIrwES8a6megNM4Lr6aI4tA2oiycim0

Thanks. Talking about hopping in a car and getting to ... New Zealand :) I know nothing about those walls and there is surprisingly little footage of them. My guess, it's natural, based on ignorance, probably.

​@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwalla handful of anomalies suggest otherwise, like their orientation to north. same with the Sage Wall which aligns to the solstice iirc

@@Joe-sg9ll could be. As mentioned, I know almost nothing about them.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall no one else does either

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-vTe8BZQ17ak.html

You too.

what that means?

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Structure turned into rock after being nuked or something like that ... ;-)

oh!

they were carved and melted by heat. directed energy technology.they were lifted by levitation,using sonic frequency technology!!!

@@chuckspencer8540 I have looked at chemical approaches to stonework and got to the (personal) conclusion that would be massively expensive and not worth it for more than a handful of stones. Here is the thing: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-YPLXGb6SrEk.html Hope you like it.

welcome home brother. I'm about the most obsessed person about these walls, even made a youtube channel just for it! Give a go at the other videos, you'll probably like them. Like this one: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-IJqq2LbFkkI.html

thanks! Happy you liked it.

hey! long time no see.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Been busy doing things and been away, so not been at my PC for a while (I hate watching the stuff I'm interested on my phone). It felt pretty good to watch your channel again 👍👍

@@petrismaximus Happy to have you back! I also hate using the phone, too small, but in my case that's because I'm old.

Obrigado. Acho que vai gostar deste: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-BIwF-mNfOeg.html

I'm just a guy that makes mildly funny content on youtube :) This is your best comment, I guess. Trade secret: I don't even own a drone, all that footage is ripped from youtube. Song is: Sleeping Satellite, Tasmin Archer. I mention it in the description.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Nice!

:) Quite happy with it.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall What is this Centrum Cellas structure?! I thought it is AI and I had to google it. There is no information on it whatsoever. Was it found like this? Is it a reconstruction? How old? What materials? Edit: I just found an interesting vid on it and a twin structure in Turkey ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-rMi6YegY9Kc.htmlsi=n0XlI2godZBhCcxB

@@ArnoWalter Centum Cellas is here: maps.app.goo.gl/6FNvbDGPBF53VysSA (copying from another comment) It's on a quite remote area of Portugal, so hardly anyone visits. It's said to be "Roman", from 1 AD/BC, but the building technique, no mortar, is not Roman, so I believe it's another Lusitanian mix, like the Lapedo Child (neanderthal/Cro-Magnon mix). There are a ton of legends about it. It's called Centum Cellas, meaning "100 cells", due to being built for a prison of that size, an obvious exaggeration. Also called Saint Cornelius, due to the saint having been imprisoned there, despite that saint being a Pope, in Rome, in the 3rd century. And that's basically everything that it is known about it.

@@ArnoWalter Great video with the awesome Guilherme showing us around. I met him in Sintra just the other day.

Obrigado. And to me also. Earlier this year saw a picture of the wall in Sabroso, that is the only fully polygonal with precise fitting. Then checked all the videos youtube has to offer on the site. That is not much. Finally this July visited the local and is quite a disappointment. It's all consumed by vegetation, is closed to the public, trespassed and could not find the bigger wall it shows in the older video, or worse, is reduced to half the size.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Portugal sites and monuments are only maintained when generating money, those that do not are left in abandonment. Remember what I told you about the Lapedo Child location? Abandoned and closed. On the other hand, I just found out this morning that Almendres now has a walkway, and we no longer have access to the Stones. By the way, this happened because they found another stone, covered in vegetation. They are now 95 standing stones,

@@historymythslegends sad but true. Hope we get to bring more people to these places and help turn the cycle around. Just for that your project deserves to be successful.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Thank you. We are definitely working on it.

(again, not sure about this, still working on it) I'm not a big fan of the Kurgan hypothesis. The actual remains to support that Idea were obtained during the soviet period and we know how those guys were committed to re-writing the past. I feel it stands mostly due to the ideological contamination within universities, and I'm very suspicious of anything that smells like marxist academia. Then you have the dates, as we talked in the other comment.

No. I drew the map, so I'd know what I was aiming at, then later in the video I do try to explain it. I understand the conventional view, the mainstream academia approach that is more limited. But they nearly disregard the stones, and the stones are telling me a different story, for that I made the video. I'll explain: The Castros can be found from the northwest of Iberia, deep into the central part, near Madrid and going south at least to the east of Serra da Estrela. The most interesting features, namely the pig statues and the "necropolis" or abstract rock sculptures are not in Callecia but to the south. I even suspect some of the Galician folklore is posterior, the time of the Sueves. I thus think that the culture that built those walls in "west Iberia" was divided by later political events, being as they were a loose tribal confederacy without unified polities. I decided to call them, the walls, Lusitans, because it's the most unique name around. In all, the exonym I used should not be important, but it feels many people, including some academics are just pushing some ugly XX century political agenda and ignoring the stones.

I also read that, at the time the romans left England and the Saxons invaded, there was a large Briton exodus into Ireland and Northern Iberia. That would further complicate the definition of "Celt-Iberian". My base idea is that the Celts were the metalworkers, fighters and leaders, and the Old-Europeans, Iberians, Lusitanians etc. were the builders, but it is not a 100% straight line, is more like a trend. Happy to see you around.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall well, the exodus that you talk about is when Wales is forged by the original people from the British islands forced by the Britons and saxons attacks. If you search about it you will see that Wales means "stranger" I think in Saxon or Briton language. The celt-iberians are before the Roman empire so that exodus that you talk is nothing to do with it. Another fact is when the Roman empire was starting to decay (from 200 AD / 400 AD more or less) the major exodus in Iberia were made by the Germanic tribes of Suevi, Vandals, and more and after that the visigoths. So England, as you can see in the heritage of the country's surnames nowadays, the Anglo-Saxon people and British isles remained as a mark. Your theory about the celts is wrong, I strongly recommend you to do more deep search about it. The dolmens, Castros, and more were builder by them. Of course they could learn something from others and vice versa, in those times in Iberia there were trades between all the tribes existing in Iberia. and don't forget the Greek settlements, and Phoenicians that also trade with them. Fun fact is that in very ancient times the Greeks call what is Iberia of "Ofiussia" the land of worshipors of the snakes. A developed civilization. Search about it

I disagree. And my biggest difference with you is this bit. "The dolmens..., and more were builder by them." No, the Celts did not build Dolmens, nor Tholos, nor Menhirs. They did build Roundforts in Ireland and Castros in Gallicia, that are typical constructions predating the celts. But that was teaming up with pre-celtic populations in those places. As proven by the lack of such buildings in France and England. Like with everything that happened 2-3000 years ago, before writing we can't be sure. But there are strong indications that the Celts were not great builders, but were brilliant metal workers. Also, it seems the Celts in their later encouters (Ireland and Galicia) were like the Sueves or Visigoths, they did not change the fabric of society, they limit themselves to become intertwined with the local rulers. Maybe for the sake of numbers. Thus, dry stone continued.

this is a very long debate, sorry for that. Here's another bit of trivia that supplies my thinking of the Celts has ruling elites controlling the iron production and living in dwellings built by the local subjects. The most popular surnames in all of Europe are: Smith, Ferreira, Ferrari, Kowal. Why? Because the people working the metal were a superior caste to those working the stones. The metalworkers were closer to the Indo-European ruling class, than the stonemasons. And if I take this a bit longer, I'll get into my crazy rant about the freemasons being the rebellion :)

Thanks! Feel like a DJ with with song requests. Love it. Unsure about the fluffy clouds, I've noticed that when I choose a song with a sharper beat, reaction is worse than with a smother rhythm, and it has real effect in the video performance. Some videos bomb because of the song. But great song, happy to have more suggestions.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwallmore talking heads then?! Interested to see where you’ll go with the infamous sea peoples

me too. I'm on a blank sheet approach, literally. Have no idea what will do :)

will try Talking Heads. I do Love them and will see how it feels on the edit.

You’re gentleman and a scholar (and a DJ apparently)

True it's small and easy to build, but like it's biggest cousins, it shows a deep understanding of earthworks and a commitment to build for the ages. Are you being ironic?

Doubt that

yes! it's magnificent. looks well preserved. Never heard of it before, which is a shame. And the central circular building is tantalizing. Should have a similar story to the circular church featured here: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-cBzZ-khwc3o.html

Earthmounds with megalithic structures inside are basically everywhere, including where we find polygonal walls. In those cases it's like a 3 step development: First some crazy stone structures, then the earthmound, finally the polygonal wall. Check this one: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-axaVLXq3ot8.html

Made a video about the origin of the cyclopean myth, but I guess it's too silly to be taken seriously: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-KYYI7pHihcc.html

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall great vid. cyclops, from peku-klops, apparently referred to cattle thieves, before the peku part being confused. was Aristotle suggesting that pirates/cattle thieves first developed the walls? or is it related to encyclopedia, circular education or just independents like you say

@@Joe-sg9ll thanks. The theatrical cyclops, including Odissey are free-people, not subject to rule by the king, thus could go from cattle thieves, to insolated shepperds. My current best thinking is that Cyclops means the same as Pelasgian, the inhabitants of Greece prior to the arrival of the Euro-Europeans. Cyclops mean "round eyes" and maybe the people living in Greece before the arrival of the Aryans, i.e. the Pelasgian, had particularly rounder eyes.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwallfascinating. Thanks! seems to depend on where you break it up. like 'no where' or 'now here'. cycl-ops, circle-eye or cy-klops, cattle-thief. "Superficially decomposes as κύκλος (kúklos, “wheel, circle”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”). This is thought to be a folk etymology, with the true etymology in Proto-Indo-European *pḱú-klōps (“cattle thief”) becoming obscured after the loss of the word *péḱu. (livestock) "

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall and even cattle thief may have had a similar ambivalence. like were they cattle rustlers, or cowboy/raiders? the shepard people with cattle are bandits and take our grain. or, the independents steal our cattle the long shift from shepard nomad to agriculture was turbulent. there was also a distinct contrast between round kurgans and long. two different peoples

I've searched a bit into the "chemical approach" to fit the stones and I must say, it seems possible, but more expensive than just cutting the stones Here ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-YPLXGb6SrEk.html

yes

Certo. Eu estou a tentar fazer um video sobre 3.000BC e a chegada dos Indo-Europeus, mas está bem dificil de conseguir condensar tanta coisa numa ideia só. Espero que goste deste outro video: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-BIwF-mNfOeg.html

certo

I did mention that in the video. The area of the Castros is divided by 3 clans/groups and then (that is not in the video) some of the most distinctive features such as: - the strange carvings that are called necropolis - the pigs also go south of the Douro. Plus, the Celts were not great builders. They did not build anything with dry stone in 1000 years occupying France and England. So, my theory is that the Gallician Gauls are a mix breed of Celts and Iberians, and that the original builders were the Iberians. But the Iberian name is reserved for Eastern-Iberians. the best name for western-Iberians is Lusitanian.

Yes and a little bit no. Yes, it's built during the Roman period. 1AD or a bit earlier 1BC. Information for it us super vague. A little bit no, because the construction style is not Roman, it's not a typical roman building. It incorporates the stonemasonry skills of the lusitanians. I did not elaborate all this on the video, because I felt it was too long and would just be confusing.

Those are much younger than the Aryans. I replied on the other comment.

​@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwallyour gang is mugging you off mate 😂😂😂 You 'one eye' gang are going down because you are the fall guys .... Everyone sees it now ....

@@Voting-does-nothing not sure I understood.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall sure you don't Mr "I like kids and the number 3" 🤣

@@Voting-does-nothing what???

I did mention that in the video. The area of the Castros is divided by 3 clans/groups. Lusitaneans, Vettones and Gallician. And then (that is not in the video) some of the most distinctive features such as: - the strange carvings that are called necropolis - the pigs also go south of the Douro river. Plus, the Celts were not great stone builders. They did not build anything with dry stone in 1000 years occupying France and England. So, my theory is that the Gallician Gauls are a mix breed of Celts and Iberians, and that the original builders were the west-Iberians. But the Iberian name or word is reserved for Eastern-Iberians. So, the best name for western-Iberians is Lusitanian.

On the present day definition of cyclopean you are right. It's a bit like the adventures of Gulliver, he goes to Italy and there he has the massive blocks in Santa Severa. Then goes to Lusitania and finds the smaller version in Sabroso. But on the old pre-classic definition they are the same thing, as per next comment

Today the word Cyclops means one-eyed-giant with incredible strength and short temper. But that’s a modern adaptation, well, a classical one, made to add drama in theatrical plays. Originally the word Cyclops does not mean “one-eye” but “round-eye”. “Ops” is the eye part, and “Cycle” is round, like in Bicycle or Cyclone. With this translation implying the original builders, the first rulers of Europe, the brothers of Chronos, i.e. Saturn, the Cyclops, were not one-eyed giants, but round-eyed people. If this “round-eye” name was applied in China, we all know what it would mean. Some European people that had contact with the Chinese, could easily be called “the round eyes” but in Greece? What happened there? Yamnaya, that’s what happened, I think. The Yamnaya are the first Indo-Europeans to reach Europe. They bring horse carriages and the base of the languages we speak today, including Greek and “Cycle”. The Yamnaya are coming from the East, the Asian steppes, around 3000BC-2500BC, at the beginning of the Bronze Age. What if, when the Yamnaya came in contact with the Old Europeans living in Greece, started called them “Cyclops”, thus noting that the Yamnaya themselves, being from the steppes, had slanted eyes, when compared with the Old Europeans they were now meeting. All this would mean that the Cyclopean walls are the walls built by the old, rounded eyes, inhabitants of Europe, that yes, compared to the Yamnaya, were great builders.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall a good way of looking at it I think but sadly I think of cyclopean as meaning big.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall Did you know that Cyclops is thought to come from people finding elephant skulls. I only found this out recently, As the ocular cavity in their skulls is one large round hole. Check out pictures of elephant skulls to see what I mean, it's an interesting theory, there are also Asian elephants :) I enjoyed your video. New subscriber! The stone pits at the site you showed look they may have been used for olive oil processing. I saw a good explanation of the way these pits were used on RU-vid its called Byzantium The lost Empire full documentary by John Romer 28.30 mins. Obviously many different cultures though out history have made olive oil. Your video made me wonder weather the stone cut outs in Japan were used for a similar process, I'm don't know if olives can grow there but perhaps to extract oil from another crop in a similar way...

@@christinehede7578 and you are right, Cyclopean in modern English does mean gigantic, and Cyclops is, since the Greek classical times, a one eyed short tempered creature. With the difference that the classic Greeks saw the Cyclops as very resourceful and skilled and we now think of them as brutes. But that was not where the word comes from. The origin for it is "round eyes" and is a name created by the Aryan/Yamnites invaders.

Já é tão pouca gente a ver estes videos, se eu mudasse para português, menos gente ainda ficaria a conhecer estes lugares.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall será mesmo?? ponha legendas multiplas e todos podem ver.. o youtube traduz muito bem... Eu vejo videos em todos os idiomas dessa forma... abraços e sucesso...

@@greencaravela o video tem legendas, dá para escolher português ou qualquer outra lingua.

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall foi o que fiz

@@One-eyedgiantbuildingwall se gosta desse tema, conheça este canal, ele é professor na area, especial dos romanos www.youtube.com/@IsaacMorenoGallo