my notes if anyone would like them: *EMPIRE BUILDING IN DAR AL-ISLAM - UNIT 1 TOPIC 2* 750 - Abbasid caliphate comes to power in North Africa and Middle East - Big, powerful and united by Arabic language and Islamic traditions. - Politically- struggling. Religiously- spreading and flourishing across Afro-Eurasia Abbasid Caliphate power and influence struggles, political Islam flourished in other parts of the world *POLITICAL ISLAM IN INDIA (South Asia)* mid 13th century- New convert Muslims who were Turkish* invade India (*Turks were the 3rd major group to be people carriers of Islam after the Arabs and Persians) Established a Muslim political state in India called the Delhi Sultanate (1206) Indians were resistant to conversion because Hindu in comparison to Islam was almost completely opposite [Islam vs Hindu; monotheistic vs polytheistic, no images (depictions of Allah) vs many idols (statues and art of gods), equality vs caste system.] Difficult to convert Indian culture, with the exception of the Sufi Muslims *SUFI MUSLIMS* Form of Islam that embraced more emotional & ecstatic Islam -more popular form of Islam -Sufi holy men were willing to accommodate Hindu gods and religious festivals -Small group of Hindus who were drawn to these ideas and were converted -Most indians who were converted were either disillusioned Buddhists of people of the lowest caste system - very difficult life and were drawn to the idea of egalitarianism that Islam promised (equality!) *WEST AFRICA* -islam spreads not by military conquest but commercial enterprise of traveling merchants -As the merchants explained islam many in West Africa coverted voluntarily and peacefully -conversion usually occurs in urban centers of West Africa (Mali, Ghana, Songhai) Islam spreads like wildfire -In this region Islam even spread to the highest levels of government -The ruler of Mali, Mansa Musa was so rich we went on tour to let everyone know how rich he is, aka going on the Hajj, a pilgrimmage to Mecca and had fabulous displays of wealth on his travels (please say someone got that reference in the first part lol, if u dont check out the link at the bottom of this comment) *ECONOMIC* -Muslims influenced by Muhammad thought highly of merchants and commercial activity, therefore they were more dominant in the afro eurasia trade network -Came up with new forms of banking , granting of credit and writing of business contracts, eventually became common among all networks of exchange *TECHNOLOGY* -Muslims made improvements on rockets gotten from Chinese -Took chinese ideas on gunpower explosives and expanded by figuring out how to launch rockets at ships w/ accuracy -Muslims also advanced Chinese tech of paper making -Kingdoms and empires could tighten their grip over people because the more you write down the more they can be held accountable *CULTURE* -Determined to translate works of greek philosophy and natural science into arabic. Translated medical, scientific, and philosophical texts, which not only preserved these ideas but also expanded on them - in 830 the Abbasid Caliphate al Mamoon established the Baghdad House of Wisdom which was an academic center for learning, exchanging ideas/wisdom, research, and translation for the next few centuries. Give a like to this comment if it helps, took a while to type out lol also check out this link that was on West Africa for that reference ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-xuCn8ux2gbs.html (specifically 11:37)
Summary: -By 1000, the Abbasid Caliphate was breaking apart, but the religion was spreading all across Afro-Eurasia -Two examples of this are India and West Africa, of which India was exposed through political expansion and West Africa through trade -Between India and West Africa there were very different responses to Islam -Muslims brought economic, cultural, and technological innovations into every culture they found themselves in -These innovations mainly were built off of older ideas from other states that had found themselves in Islam through cultural exchange in trade -Due to the Islamic faith encouraging trade, Dar al-Islam was a crucial player in Afro-Eurasian trade
I'm not in an AP class, just doing a self study, but I think your videos are great. It's like a minimalist CrashCourse with (in my opinion) better educational value *and* humor.
Hey, I'm self studying as well and was wondering if you felt that Heimlers videos for Unit 1 are enough for the whole unit should they be supplemented with additional studying
@@angadsingh8793 hey hey, I'm not the original commenter but personally I definitely think that some extra studying along with heimler wouldn't hurt! would concrete the knowledge in your head better, and won't take that much extra time.
Just to share ideas I personally watch these alongside CrashCourse and find getting multiple forms of teaching really useful, both have fantastic teachers in my opinion
i have the ap test coming up soon and i never understood really anything in ap world no matter how hard i tried, so immediately i started panicking. but these videos were the only thing to help me so thank you sososo much :)
I've been stressing the AP exam this year a lot and just started studying by using these videos to take notes and create a study guide. So far it's been going great and I have confidence in myself to pass the test now! Your videos are the same as my book, but summarized nicely and in a way that I can understand without all the big words (just because I'm in High School doesn't mean I'm good at basic English lol). Thank you so so so much u are a life saver!! :)
By that logic, Heimler should be giving a cut of his RU-vid and cram-session profits to all of the historians and authors and teachers whose research he used to make these videos. Don't you think?
@@jamesadams5205 Not exactly because he isn't blatantly posting their work but teachers literally just make you watch his videos instead of explaining stuff
thank you for these videos. i can't stress enough how much you have helped me. and thank you for your respect of other's religions, even if its as simple as capitalizing Allah. i have my ap exams on monday, so lets get this!
Hey, I'm self studying as well and was wondering if you felt that Heimlers videos for Unit 1 are enough for the whole unit should they be supplemented with additional studying
Heimler is saving me this year (taking AP World as a freshmen because my school offers it to us), next year cause I am taking AP Gov, and junior year when I take APUSH
this years gonna be fun.. in all seriousness thank you for the amazing history videos! they help much more than the textbook does lol. found you after using mr sinns videos for APHUG last year!
As far as I know, none of the prep books for the new curriculum are published yet. If you can wait till January, I'm publishing a video-based review book. If you want something in print, my favorite was always the Crash Course (not the RU-vid channel) review book. Concise, but also complete.
@@heimlershistory I saw in the video that you said Hinduism is polytheistic. I just want to correct that by saying, as an educated Hindu myself, that Hinduism is not polytheistic. It is monotheistic because the Vedas, our holy 4 books. states there is one God, but is expressed and shown through its many aspects, which are often misunderstood as separate gods. Hinduism actually believes that God exists in every being as well as outside every being, that it exists everywhere, all things happen in the "realm of God" essentially because of the philosophy that God is everywhere, and that God knows all but doesn't act. Hinduism believes that the deities that we worship are other, more powerful beings that have certain amounts of control over nature in the world, for example rain, growth, wealth, and knowledge. These beings are not considered Gods, they are all parts of God, according to Hinduism. Please correct this, if you can, and if the College Board allows/knows this, as it truly is infuriating to many Hindus in WHAP who are told false information of our "religion" because it simply isn't studied well. It may even be called atheistic simply because we don't believe that God controls everything, we believe God to be, essentially, unlimited potential, aka dark energy, in scientific terms. Thank you, Mr Heimler, for reading this and taking it into consideration for changing this misconception of polytheism. We don't believe in supernatural beings; it has science backing its misunderstood and poorly translated statements and that science is proven through quantum physics. We also never had a caste system until multiple invasions took the original identification system known as the Varna System, which simply was meant to help people identify which jobs people did, and that job, and respectively their "caste", for lack of a better word, would immediately change with it. Over time, as parents wished for their children to do as they did, and as multiple invasions threatened the peace and sanctity in India, people stopped moving around jobs so much, and then the priests, who were known for their wisdom, decided to start telling people that they were superior to all people in India and made the 3000 castes and 25000 subcastes, which by the time European explorers found out about, was turning rigid and the priests (Brahmins) told the historians of that age false tales of history. Thank you, once again, Mr Heimler, for reading this and considering this, and if you have any power, to try to convince the college board to do a true study of Hinduism so that the children of this nation aren't taught a fallacy of what mistaken historians believed happened in my country. Thank you so much, Mr Heimler.
@@thelookingcat it’s a matter of perspective. I am a Brahmin, and discuss religion with my parents cause I like religion. Hinduism definitely is polytheistic in some way. You need to understand, The avatars of Vishnu are still Vishnu, but they themselves are respected as separate god. I don’t have extensive knowledge on the matter, but calling Hinduism “monotheistic” from a outsiders perspective isn’t really correct. This is the reason why there is a difference between religion and mythology. It just depends on how you see gods. Are they characters, or one true Edit: your words definitely make sense, but if we were to go into that much detail, it won’t really make sense. Many Hindus themselves believe Hinduism to be polytheistic. This definitely needs more research on my part, but we can’t specifically call the religion monotheistic, because when you think of the gods, you speak the names of the avatar of gods such as Brahma, Ganesha etc. It is a simpler way of explaining religion that doesn’t confuse the masses. But what you said about the caste system is true. I don’t care if they are professionals, but sometimes, it’s annoying when people portray something as good or bad.
Raise your hand if you didn’t study at all for 2 years and then realized the day before the AP exam that studying is kinda important especially when you didn’t pay attention in class so you’re watching this over and over trying to absorb all of the knowledge 😀✋ (it’s the day of the test and I’m just hoping that something crazy happens and it gets canceled 😭)
Hello! Do you have a folder with all of the AP World videos? This video is really helpful, thank you so much! Also, do you recommend any specific practice questions and study strategies so that I can make sure I'm studying the correct way? Thank you again!
Me at 5am thinking I have the attention span to watch units 1-7 the day of the exam I think imma just gts and wing it with the previous notes I have from the other videos 😭😭
Okay, so I'm a Sanatani, and I just wanna say that Hinduism is monotheistic (belief in one god), but the one god takes many forms (hence misinterpreted as polytheistic). And, the caste system is not inhumane, it was originally based on karma (ex. you have done good things, you're on top, you've done bad things, you're on the bottom). Because of propaganda, that also got misinterpreted as social status and a hierarchy. Just wanted to let you know. But, just listen to what Heimler said, because that's what they're looking for in the AP exams. Just wanted to lyk.
Albert.io has some great practice questions. If you can wait till January, I'll be releasing a whole review packet with video reviews and practice questions. But that won't help you now...
Hinduism is not polytheistic. It is monotheistic because there is one God, but is expressed and shown through its many aspects, which are often misunderstood as separate gods. Hinduism actually believes that God exists in every being as well as outside every being, that it exists everywhere, all things happen in the "realm of God" essentially because of the philosophy that God is everywhere, and that God knows all but doesn't act. Hinduism believes that the deities that we worship are other, more powerful beings that have certain amounts of control over nature in the world, for example rain, growth, wealth, and knowledge. These beings are not considered Gods, they are all parts of God, according to Hinduism. Please correct this, if you can, and if the College Board allows/knows this, as it truly is infuriating to many Hindus in WHAP who are told false information of our "religion" because it simply isn't studied well. It may even be called atheistic simply because we don't believe that God controls everything, we believe God to be, essentially, unlimited potential, aka dark energy, in scientific terms. Thank you, Mr Heimler, for reading this and taking it into consideration for changing this misconception of polytheism. We don't believe in supernatural beings; it has science backing its misunderstood and poorly translated statements and that science is proven through quantum physics. We also never had a caste system until multiple invasions took the original identification system known as the Varna System, which simply was meant to help people identify which jobs people did, and that job, and respectively their "caste", for lack of a better word, would immediately change with it. Over time, as parents wished for their children to do as they did, and as multiple invasions threatened the peace and sanctity in India, people stopped moving around jobs so much, and then the priests, who were known for their wisdom, decided to start telling people that they were superior to all people in India and made the 3000 castes and 25000 subcastes, which by the time European explorers found out about, was turning rigid and the priests (Brahmins) told the historians of that age false tales of history. Thank you, once again, Mr Heimler, for reading this and considering this, and if you have any power, to try to convince the college board to do a true study of Hinduism so that the children of this nation aren't taught a fallacy of what mistaken historians believed happened in my country. Thank you so much, Mr Heimler.
Evaluate the extent to which interactions between Muslim and non-Muslim communities affected attitudes toward Islam or Islamic culture in the period circa 1200-1750. How?
I know it may be too late to ask, but we’re the traveling merchants that spread Islam towards West Africa also Turkish? Or were they just from Asia and happened to be Muslim?
my notes: Dar Al-Islam: “everywhere Islam is…” Abbasid Caliphate Powerful, united by Arabic and Islamic traditions Political state was breaking down Islam still spreading across Afro-Eurasia How political Islam encountered other cultures and how they responded India (South Asia) 13th century newly converted Muslims who were Turks (3rd major people group to carry Islam after Abrabs and Persians) invaded India Establish Delhi Sultanate (Muslim political state) in 1206 Indians resist conversion bc Islam and Hinduism are very different Islam Monotheistic No images Equality Hinduism Polytheistic Many idols Caste Exception: Sufi Muslims (Muslim missionaries) Form of Islam focus more on emotional experiences More popular form of Islam Sufi holy men were willing to accommodate Hindu gods and religious festivals Small population of Hindus converted Most people who converted were disillusioned Buddhists or belonged to the lowest caste (very difficult life) egalitarianism/equality convinced them West Africa Spread by commercial enterprises of traveling merchants People converted voluntarily Mostly in urban centers (Ghana, Mali, and Songhai) Spread to highest levels of gov. Mansa Musa (ruler of Mali) went on hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) Displayed his wealth Economics Muslims influenced by teaching of Muhammed thought highly of merchants and commercial activity Muslims some of the most dominant players in Afro-Eurasian trade Came up with economic innovations New forms of banking, granting of credit, business contracts Became common among all networks of trade Technology Improvements on rockets (from Chinese) Took Chinese ideas on gunpower explosives and expanded by figuring out how to launch rockets at ships w/ accuracy Advanced Chinese technology of papermaking Kingdoms and empires could tighten their grip over people because the more you write down the more people can be held accountable Culture Determined to translate great works of Greek Philosophy and natural science into Arabic Medical, scientific, philosophical texts Preserved ideas, and expanded on them 830 Abbasid caliph al-Mamun made House of Wisdom in Baghdad Academic center for learning, research, translation
Faith :P oH my gosh I didn’t even acknowledge this video was posted nine months ago because this comment was posted only four days ago- oops anyway I hope you can celebrate your birthday in July then :D
Can you explain to me that joke about the orthodox bishop using unleavened bread? It went right over my head since I'm not too knowledgable about my orthodox brothers
That was one of the main dividing points between the Catholics and the Orthodox: whether to use leavened or unleavened bread in the Eucharist... it got really heated
@@heimlershistory Thank you for the good answer and fast response Mr.Heimler! I was unaware of such before hand. I'll recommend your channel to my friends in AP World History (partially because of this comment, but also because of your great quality content)
nope, as a Hindu, I can confirm that Hinduism has many gods and is a polytheistic religion, which is part of the reason why Hindus and Muslims have had ongoing conflict
I feel bad that I had to dislike this to get it to 69 dislikes. I really did enjoy the video though!! All your other videos help me get through my stressful AP world tests!
another reason why Muslims were all for supporting merchants because of the Prophet Muhamamd (pbuh) was because he himself was a merchant along with his first wife
![Empire Building in DAR AL-ISLAM 1200-1450 [AP World History Review-Unit 1, Topic 2]](/img/logo.svg){kind=logo}
