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Living organisms can use energy in several forms but all can be grouped under radiant energy and fixed energy (food).
The sun is the main source of radiant energy. The radiant energy of sun is converted into chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis.
The transfer of modified solar energy from producer through different trophic level in an ecosystem is called energy flow.
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Lindeman energy flow model:
According to Lindeman, out of 118,872 gcal/cm2/year, only 111 gcal/cm2/year are trapped or stored by green plants, while the rest remains unutilized. Among the energy trapped by plants, 23 gcal/cm2/year is consumed in respiration, 3 gcal/cm2/year in decomposition and 70 gcal/cm2/year remains unutilized and only 15 gcal/cm2/year transferred to herbivores.
Out of the 15 gcal/cm2/year energy transferred to herbivores, 4.5 gcal/cm2/year is consumed in respiration, 0.5 gcal/cm2/year in decomposition, and 7 gcal/cm2/year remains unutilized, leaving only 3 gcal/cm2/year to be transferred to carnivores.
26 авг 2024