#foča #drina #cehotina #bosnaihercegovina
Foča is a city located in the southeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the border with Montenegro, and between rugged Herzegovina and forested Bosnia, near Šćepan Polje, where the Drina River originates.
Population in 1991 - 35,389 (Bosniaks 48.6%, Serbs 47.7%, Others 3.7%)
Number of inhabitants in 2013 - 18,288 (Bosniaks 6.9%, Serbs 91.5%, Others 1.6%)
Foča used to be a city with the recognizable architecture of a typical Bosnian šeher in an oriental spirit with 18 mahals, 17 city Islamic places of worship, and a bazaar, where all economic events in the city took place.
Foča is the municipality with the highest peak in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Mountain Maglić 2386 meters), some parts of which belong to the highest mountain area in BiH, of which several peaks exceed 2000 meters above sea level; the only rainforest in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the largest in Europe - Perućica, which is located within the Sutjeska National Park, where the largest European specimens of fir (63 m) and homora (65 m) and capital specimens of beech are found in the still untouched nature reserve, as well as Skakavac, certainly the most beautiful waterfall in BiH; bounded from the southeast by the unique canyon of the Tara River, the deepest in Europe and the second in the world, just behind the Grand Canyon in the USA; with a large number of natural mountain lakes and a large number of still unpolluted river courses, which influenced the fact that it became a favorite meeting place for fans of rafting and rafting, hiking, hunting and fishing and those who enjoy untouched natural beauty. All kinds of flora and fauna live in this remaining island of primeval nature, which is why it has been declared a strictly protected reserve, which is exclusively used for science and education with the aim of being fully preserved for future generations.
In April 1992, the ethnic cleansing and genocide of the Bosniak population began, which culminated in January 1994 with the change of the name of the city and municipality to Srbinje. In February 2004, the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina declared that name illegal and discriminatory, and the name Foča was returned.
From the beginning of April to the middle of July 1992, Serbian forces carried out an extensive attack directed against Bosniak civilians in the area of the municipalities of Foča, Gacko and Kalinovik. Before the attack itself, Bosniak civilians were fired from their jobs, their wages were withheld, and then they were denied the possibility of free movement. After the surrounding villages and the town of Foča fell into the hands of Serbian forces: the army, police, paramilitary formations, and sometimes the Serb peasants themselves, the same pattern was always applied: Bosniak houses were systematically searched, looted and burned, and citizens were arrested or rounded up in one place, and sometimes during the process itself, beaten or killed. Men and women were separated, and most of them were imprisoned in the KP home in Foča. Women were taken to various locations of detention where they lived in unbearable hygienic conditions, and in these centers they were abused in many ways, while most of them were systematically raped. Serbian soldiers or policemen came to detention centers, selected one or more women, took them out and raped them. Some of them were taken to private apartments and houses where they were raped, and they also had to cook, clean and serve the residents, who were Serbian soldiers. During the aforementioned attack on Bosniak civilians, a huge number of women and girls were raped. All traces of the existence and cultural heritage of Bosniak Muslims were wiped out from the areas affected by the attack of Serbian forces. Almost not a single Bosniak remained in Foča. All mosques were demolished.
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20 окт 2024
