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How would a medieval Jew dress? Historical Jewish fashion varied, in England, and Spain, and everywhere else. It depended on when and where they lived, how well the Jewish community was treated, and that Jew's status within their community and the wider world. We'll take an in-depth look at the historical costumes of two 11th century Jewish women : An Ashkenazi Norman English Jew, and a Sephardic Jew living in Islamic-ruled Iberia (present-day Spain).
In the middle ages, Jews lived all over Europe, as well as throughout much of Africa and Asia. Their historical fashions varied just as much as those of their non-Jewish neighbors. Jewish traditional dress might be completely different from the non-Jews of the same region, especially if the Jewish community was separate, or it might be look identical on the surface, with only small differences in construction. Jewish tailors and dressmakers would have sewn their clothes differently due to a religious prohibition on wearing "sha'atnez", wool and linen in the same garment.
A high-status Norman English Jew, either invited to move to England by William the Conqueror or perhaps the first generation born on English soil, would have looked much like anyone else on the surface. Her outfit would consist of the same linen smock and wool outer layers as other English people's, but since her wool clothes couldn't be sewn with linen thread they would have to be made differently. If she is a person of status in a formal setting, she wears a bliaut, a shaped overgown with a dramatic silhouette that still influences fantasy costume today.
An Iberian Jew living in Al-Andalus as a "dhimmi" (protected non-Muslim citizen) would dress completely differently from our image of medieval Europe. Both a warmer climate and Islamic cultural norms allow for a base layer of sheer linen or even cotton, and both underpants and trousers could be worn by people of any gender! In an informal private setting, no other layers would be necessary. For going out, an additional layer is added in the form of a button-front lightweight wool coat. Jews in Islamic territories wore identifying dress as one of the conditions of their protected legal status, which most often took the form of yellow or honey-colored veils.
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It should be noted that this article is not free of bias, especially in the final paragraph. Don't let your research end here! This article contains a huge number of clickable links to more in-depth reading on specific terms.
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0:00 Medieval Jews!
0:26 Who am I?
0:42 Explaining Jewish heritage
2:58 Jewish medieval clothes vs "medieval clothes"
5:23 A word from our sponsor, NordVPN
6:45 Let's get dressed!
7:07 the English outfit
11:36 the Spanish outfit
15:49 What comes next
18:30 Have fun at CoSy!
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#MedievalJews #JewishHistory
2 июн 2024
