绿孔雀（英文名：Green Peafowl，学名：Pavo muticus），是鸡形目雉科孔雀属的鸟类。也叫爪哇孔雀、龙鸟。该属另有一种蓝孔雀（Pavo cristatus），注意区分。绿孔雀的羽毛颜色鲜艳，可以起到保护色的作用，大多数捕食者，例如虎、豹、野狗、猫头鹰、鹰等都没有辨色能力。绿孔雀包括三个亚种，产于东南亚的广大地区，如印度东北部、缅甸、老挝、越南、柬埔寨、印度尼西亚的爪哇岛，在中国主要发现于云南和西藏地区，数量稀少，仅剩不到百余只，被列为中国国家一级保护动物。雄鸟有向雌鸟开屏炫耀的习性。清代三品文官官服上的鸟类即绿孔雀。
地理分布：远东：亚洲东南部至爪哇岛
The green peafowl (Pavo muticus) or Indonesian peafowl is a peafowl species native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia and Indochina. It is the national bird of Myanmar. Formerly common throughout Southeast Asia, only a few isolated populations survive in Cambodia and adjacent areas of Vietnam. It has been listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2009, primarily due to widespread deforestation, agriculture and loss of suitable habitat, severely fragmenting populations and contributing to an overall decline in numbers. The green peafowl is in demand for private and home aviculture and threatened by the pet trade, feather collectors and hunters for meat and targeted.
The green peafowl was widely distributed in Southeast Asia in the past from southern China especially Yunnan, eastern and north-eastern India, southeastern Bangladesh, northern Myanmar, extending through Laos, and Thailand into Vietnam, Cambodia, Peninsular Malaysia, and the island of Java in Indonesia. Records from northeastern India have been questioned and old records are possibly of feral birds. The ranges have reduced with habitat destruction and hunting.
Green peafowl are found in a wide range of habitats, including primary and secondary forest, both tropical and subtropical, as well as evergreen and deciduous. They may also be found amongst bamboo, on grasslands, savannas, scrub, and farmland edge. In Vietnam, the preferred habitat was found to be dry, deciduous forest close to water and away from human disturbance. Proximity to water appears to be an important factor
23 июн 2024
