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@@Adityabikramnayak It looks more like a controlled demolition. You can see the timed Demo charges detonating upwards in the corner where the two apartment blocks connect to eachother.
There's a video done by drachinifel interviewing the former captain of an Iowa class battleship that was part of the desert storm in the 90s. The captain explains how they had to relearn old school naval gunnery and how they used a drone for spotting and how being able to see live results is incredible compared to old school range finders and look outs. Apparently, after seeing the drone fly over a nearby hill and seeing what happened to the hill after its appointment with 9 16" guns, the soldiers on the next hill surrendered to the drone.
Felt an urge to comment about drones when he talked about spotters, but he gave them a quick mention at the end. Although nowadays I imagine that almost all spotting is done by drone so a quick mention is a bit misleading to how artillery warfare has changed over the last 30 years.
Fun fact: There is a possibility to locate enemy artillery without radar. When you use a radar, you make yourself a juicy target for enemy artillery and anti-radiation missiles. Three microphones are placed apart from eachother and listen to soundwaves in the ground. When the enemy fires, the microphones can be used to triangulate the enemy position without giving away your location, also the enemy won’t know their location is known.
@@Mx12bHe's obviously discussing detection of an enemy artillery that is beyond line-of-sight. It would be very difficult to detect, track, and range the shells visually.
@@Faded._ From 2 microphones you only know the difference of how long the sound took to reach the two. This combined with an extremely rough range estimate based on amplitude would allow the calculation of a cone section surface of possible origin points (two line segments on Earth's surface, at mirrored angles if there was a mirror along the equidistant line separating the microphones). Depending on the situation you might be able to guess where in that cone surface it is, but a third microphone allows the same sort of calculations to be done 2 more times with the difference in time between it and each of the other two. Note that human ears are shaped the way they are in order to differentiate sounds coming from in front of behind, and to a more limited degree above and below, since collecting sound from two points alone only reveals a cone surface of possible origins. If you had to use just two microphones to locate enemy artillery, spacing them several kilometers toward and away from enemy territory would allow somewhat accurate ranging by comparing amplitudes, but you couldn't differentiate left from right. Spacing them parallel to the front and perpendicular to the general direction you're observing would allow an accurate bearing to be determined (assuming they're not behind you), but range would be uncertain.
@@Mx12b Artillery is almost by definition not LOS. Getting the position of an enemy battery by looking at projectiles up to 80km away traveling at several times the speed of sound is basically impossible.
Few things to correct but they are minor, mainly regarding US Arty and the M777 A: The crew are NOT "specialized infantry". The are full fleged artillerymen in Field Artillery Branch. Infantry have the number designation of 11 in their MOS, Artillery has 13. Mortars in the US Army are assigned to the infantry for better integration and support and have the MOS of 11C 2: Aiming posts and aiming references arent for the gunline to aim themselves, they are used incase FDC camt send Fire Mission data directly to the guns. They radio by voice to the guns and give the mission data which is inputed and adjusted. The poles, collimator, or distant aiming point are just objects at know angles so the triginometry works out 3: Its called a lunette, not muzzle lock 4: Air Assaultimg Guns does look cooler, and is extremely fun
The poles arent at known angles, they are able to be placed in any location to allow the guns to line up on a referred deflection as well as to get all the guns aiming the same way.
@masterhacker7065 known angle as in once the poles and collimator are emplaced they are written down and are at a known angle in reference to the Gunners sight. Yes technically they can be emplaced anywhere but there's still a known angle between the azimuth of fire and where the aiming references are.
I was a 13E, Fire Direction Specialist, part of the FDC, before everything went completely computerized. I directed fire for the M110 and M109A3 & A4. Back then the FDC traveled with the howitzers, first in a Gama-Goat and later in an M577. If we had good gun crews on the M109, then we could give them a high angle fire mission with a time of flight longer than 50 seconds, and have them reload, change aiming points and fire a low angle mission at the same target to have both rounds hit within 5 seconds of each other.
It's called MRSI for multiple rounds simultaneous impact and it's an improved application of the Time on target as you are only using 1 gun instead of multiple. I don't know but we call this in France the Malouine Shot (French name for the Falklands) even if I've never found any hint at the British using or creating this technic during the Falkland war
My dad used to train with howitzers when he was in the military. For some reason, he wasn't required to wear any kind of hearing protection. So, today, he has bad hearing. He's not deaf, but he does have to turn up the TV in order to hear it.
Yeah we didn’t really learn the importance of ear pro or just using ear buds until the last couple decades. You were actually considered not as manly if you needed ear protection at one point. Which is stupid, why wouldn’t you want to be able to hear? lol
@@thomas199450 ear pro enables you to hear small noises at an amplified level but any sound over a certain decibel (such as a gunshot) cuts out completely.
But you lost with the last comment - “it takes 30 minutes to put rounds on target from a ground observer.” WHAT? Maybe 3 minutes. (I was FDO of an M198 towed 155mm platoon in 18th Airborne Corps Arty in Desert Storm - first complete brigade in theater)
I was an artillery officer (US Army) ’95 - ’03. and I have to say this video is very good highlighting most of the fundamental points of artillery. I served on M198 (replaced by M777) and M109 (Paladin today), which were 155mm howitzers. We also had the M119 (105mm) generally used to support light infantry. In Army doctrine, mortars were an infantry weapon, though used with a similar concept to artillery. The Marines grouped their 120mm mortars with artillery, however, which I think was a smart idea. One thing to add to this, the reason for airburst (time and proximity fuses) is their is more destruction raining down shrapnel and also there is less thickness of cover from above (usually). The kill radius of the 155mm is 50 meters. The feet you referenced at the end of the towed howitzer pieces (self propelled have them too) are called spades, which help stop displacement after being fired because they are used using basically geometry so the pieces are parallel in aiming. Anyway, I could go on all day. Good video.
Only in regards to the most surface level stuff Misrepresents what the aiming poles are for and glosses over how the FDC operates entirely. Tells nothing of what the observers are actually doing to calculate corrections.
0:11”A gun pointed straight ahead is a sign of trouble. Direct fire is usually a last resort and done in self defence” Coughs in German 88 Flak used in the anti tank role. An absolute beast of a tank killer in ww2
my father, usmc ww2, said anti-aircraft rounds made great anti-personnel ammo (drunken officers' party). bofors, 5 inch, etc. he said quad .50 AA on 6x6 trucks stopped hundreds of japanese in a banzai wave. they never made it to the US line.
The German 8.8cm FLAK 37 was also used in the counter artillery role bursting timed shells above enemy artillery. It was hated in that role as well. Versatile weapon.
🥀THE GOSPEL OF THE WORD OF ALMIGHTY GOD "the Salvation of the last day that Christ brought the second and last incarnation of His new and holy name" (People only experience in the last days the reappearance of the Redeemer in the flesh, and they receive the personal work and words of God. This is because the last days are the conclusion of the whole age. These the sum and end of God's six-thousand-year rule plan, and these are the end of mankind's suffering life journey. My work will only last six thousand years, and I will I whose contempt for all mankind will not last more than six thousand years. I will not continue or delay any more: In the last days I will conquer Satan, I will take back all My glory, and I will take back the all the souls on earth that belong to Me so that these sorrowing souls can escape from the sea of suffering, and thus My whole work on earth will be finished. I will only do one thing on earth: I will change mankind, the humanity that is holy, and My faithful city on earth. This humanity will remain with Me forever, but it is not the vile filthy humanity of today, but the humanity accumulated from My earnings. The spoils of war I have rescued from Satan's domain, and are the only consummation and fruition of My six-thousand-year rule plan. They come from every nation and denomination, and every place and town, throughout the universe. I will destroy this ancient, and utterly defilement of mankind, as I destroyed the firstborn sons and cattle in Egypt, leaving only the Israelites, who ate lamb's flesh, drank lamb's blood, and sealed blood of sheep's on the beams of their houses) Almighty God said PEOPLE only in the LAST DAYS experience the RE-APPEARANCE of the REDEEMER in the FLESH, and they ACCEPT GOD'S PERSONAL WORKS and WORDS. It will not be two thousand years before the LAST DAYS of the END COME; they are SHORT, as JESUS DID the WORKS during the AGE of GRACE in JUDEA. This is because the LAST DAYS are the CONCLUSION of ALL TIME. These are the FULFILLMENT and the END of the SIX--THOUSAND--YEAR PLAN of GOD'S RULE, and they are the END of HUMANITY'S LIFE JOURNEY of SUFFERING. 🙏 My WORK WILL ONLY LAST SIX THOUSAND YEARS, and I PROMISE THAT EVIL'S HOLD OF ALL HUMANITY WILL NOT LAST MORE THAN SIX THOUSAND YEARS either. ☀️ And so timely. I will not continue or delay any longer: In the LAST DAYS I WILL CONQUER SATAN, I WILL RECOVER ALL MY GLORY, and I WILL RECOVER all the SOULS on EARTH that belong to Me so that these suffering SOULS can LOSE in the SEA of SUFFERING, and thus My ENTIRE WORK on EARTH will be FINISHED. From this day forward, I will never again incarnate on earth, and My domineering Spirit will never again work on earth. 🙏 I will only DO one THING on EARTH: I will CHANGE HUMANITY, humanity that is DIVINE, and My FAITHFUL CITY on EARTH. 🌺 But you must know that I will not destroy the whole world, nor will I destroy the whole humanity. I will KEEP the REMAINING PART THREE---the third part that LOVES Me and COMPLETELY SUBMITS to Me, and I will MAKE them fruitful and MULTIPLY in the EARTH as the ISRAELITES DID UNDER the LAW, FEEDING them with Abundant SHEEP and CATTLE and ALL the ABUNDANCES OF THE EARTH. 🌺 This humanity will remain with Me forever, but it is not the vile filthy humanity of today, but the humanity accumulated from My earnings. 🙏 That mankind will not be harmed, disturbed, or besieged by Satan, and they will be the ONLY mankind that WILL REMAIN ON EARTH AFTER I AM VICTORIOUS AGAINST SATAN. This is humanity that I have NOW CONQUERED and GOT MY PROMISE. And so, the humanity conquered in the LAST DAYS is the same humanity that WILL BE SAVED and ACHIEVE My ETERNAL BLESSINGS. 🌺 This will be the only proof of My victory over Satan, and the only spoils of My battle with Satan. The SPOILERS of WAR I HAVE SAVED from SATAN'S ATTITUDE, and the ONLY COMPLETION and FRUIT of My SIX-THOUSAND-YEAR REIGN PLAN. They come from every nation and denomination, and every place and town, throughout the UNIVERSE. They come from different races, different languages, customs and skin colors, and they are scattered in all countries and denominations around the world, and even in every corner of the WORLD. 🏵️ SOON, they will COME TOGETHER to BUILD THE PERFECT HUMANITY, the meeting of humanity that SATAN'S FORCES CANNOT REACH. 🙏 Those of HUMANITY that I have NOT SAVED and CONQUERED and will SINK SILENTLY in the DEPTH OF THE SEA, and MY BURNING FIRE WILL BURN ETERNALLY. 😪 I will wipe out this old, and utter abomination of mankind, just as I DESTROYED the FIRST-BORN BOYS and cattle in EGYPT, leaving only the ISRAELITES, who EAT lamb's flesh, DRINK sheep BLOOD, and STAMP the BLOOD of the asSHEEP on the beams of their DOORS. 🙏🌷🙏 AREN'T the PEOPLE I CONQUERED and became FAMILY the same PEOPLE who ATE My FLESH as LAMB and I REDEEMED and WORSHIP Me? Aren't they the TYPES of PEOPLE who are always ACCOMPANIED with My GLORY? Are they not without My body, the Lamb, and have quietly sunk into the depths of the sea? Now they oppose Me, and now My words and just like those that Jehovah said to the male children and male grandsons of Israel. BUT HARDNESS IN THE DEPTH of your HEARTS STORES MY WRATH, CAUSES MORE JUDGMENT on your SINS, and more WRATH on your unrighteousness. Who will be saved in My day of wrath, if this is how you treat Me now? ☀️ Whose UNJUSTICE can ESCAPE My EYES of PUNISHMENT? Whose sins can escape the hands of Me, the ALMIGHTY? Whose resistance will escape My judgment, the ALMIGHTY? I, JEHOVAH, am SPEAKING to you, TRIBES of GENTILE FAMILIES, and the WORDS I AM SPEAKING to you are MORE than ALL that was SPOKE in the AGE of LAW and in the AGE of GRACE, but you are more stubborn than all people in Egypt. Are you not storing up My wrath while I PREPARE My REST? How can you get away with nothing?g damage from My Sun, the ALMIGHTY? 🌻 From "The Word Appears in the Flesh" The kingdom that Christ brought down and built from heaven engraved with His Holy name "THE CHURCH OF ALMIGHTY GOD" 💐 fulfillment of (Matthew 16:18) The Lord Jesus said "And I say to you, you are Peter, in upon this rock I will build my Church, that the power of death shall not prevail over her." 💌 So everyone is led here! because this is the last day which means the last age and the last salvation the last stage is the AGE OF THE KINGDOM or the age of the word, in His lowered Kingdom "THE CHURCH OF ALMIGHTY GOD" 💐because the purification of God has come to the individual of the spirit of man ("The Parable of the Washing of the Feet" John 13:5-9)... . EVERYONE WHO HAS AN EAR LISTEN TO WHAT THE SPIRIT SAYS TO THE CHURCHES!" (Rev. 2:7,11,17,29 and 3:6,13,22) 🌺
🫰(2) THE GOSPEL OF THE WORD OF ALMIGHTY GOD "the last age in which God saves man from the impending destruction of this old world" "How God Manages and Manages the Spiritual World.... 3. The Cycle of Life and Death of People Who Follow God. ... (Next is the cycle of life and death of servants . We have just discussed servants; what are their origins? (Some were unbelieving people, some were animals.) These servants were reincarnated from unbelieving people and animals. God's purpose in choosing such people is for them to serve His work. And what is the role of these servants? To serve God's chosen people. Basically, their role is to serve God's work, to cooperate in God's work, and to cooperate in God's formation of His chosen people. Is He too demanding in His requirements of them? (He requires them to be faithful.) If the servants have the ability to be faithful, and please God, then what will be their end? They can stay. What does this blessing mean? In fact, they don't seem like God's chosen people, they seem strange. At least, in this life it's just the same. The utterances of God, the graces of God, the provision of God, the blessings of God---who would not be satisfied with these things? So why are these people considered servants? You need to understand this. Servants come from unbelievers. They are all atheists, in their past they were atheists, they did not believe in God, and they hated God, the truth, and positive things. Just as animals are incapable of understanding human words, servants do not understand what God is saying, what He requires, why He makes such demands--these things are difficult to understand theirs,they remained unenlightened. Do they hold the truth? Do they have experience and knowledge of God's words? Certainly not. Although they did not understand His words, and were lifeless, God remained kind to them, and still had rules in His requirements of them. Being faithful to God, and doing what He says. In your service you must serve where needed, and must serve to the end. And what will be the change in this fate? Based on your behavior and your personal goals and aspirations, God will make you one of the chosen people. This is so that they can be among God's chosen people. This means that they will not be reincarnated as an animal like the unbeliever. Based on your individual behavior, God will handle you in a different way, and answer you in a different way.) Almighty God said NEXT is the cycle of life and death of SERVANTS. We have just discussed SERVANTS; WHAT is their ORIGIN? (Some are unbelieving people, some are animals.) These SERVANTS are REINCARNATED from NON-BELIEVING people and ANIMALS. WHEN the LAST PHASE of WORK COMES, God CHOOSES from among the UNBELIEVING people a GROUP of such PEOPLE, and it is a unique group.☀️ GOD'S PURPOSE in CHOOSING such people is for them to SERVE His WORK. "Service" is not a very pleasant word to hear, nor is it something that anyone can dedicate, but we need to LOOK at WHO it is dedicated to. 🛑 There is a UNIQUE significance in the EXISTENCE of GOD'S SERVANTS. NO ONE else can ACT their ROLE, because they are chosen by God, and this is where the importance of their existence lies. And WHAT is the ROLE of these SERVANTS? To SERVE GOD'S CHOSEN PEOPLE. 🌷🙏 MAINLY, their ROLE is to SERVE GOD'S work, to HELP GOD'S work, and to HELP GOD BUILD His CHOSEN PEOPLE. 🙏🌹🙏 Regardless of whether they work, fulfill certain roles, or perform such duties, WHAT does GOD NEED of these PEOPLE? He is too SERIOUS of His NEEDS of them? (He demands that they be faithful.) SERVANTS must also be FAITHFUL. 🛑 Regardless of your origins, or why God chose you, you must be faithful: You must be FAITHFUL to GOD, in whatever God commands you, as well as in the work you are responsible for and the duty you perform. ☀️ If SERVANTS have the ABILITY to be FAITHFUL, and PLEASE GOD, then WHAT will be their END? They CAN STAY. Is it a BLESSING to be a SERVANT who REMAINS? WHAT DOES STAY MEAN? What does this blessing mean? In fact, they are NOT like GOD'S CHOSEN PEOPLE, they are strange. In TRUTH, however, is what they ENJOY in this LIFE NOT LIKE GOD'S CHOSEN PEOPLE? ☀️ At least, in this life it's just the same. You will not deny it. Yes? The utterance of God, the graces of God, the PROVIDENCE of GOD, the BLESSINGS of GOD--WHO would NOT enjoy these THINGS? Everyone will ENJOY such ABUNDANCE. 🙏 The identity of a servant is a servant, but with God, they are one among all things He has created--as long as their role is that of a servant. So what can you say, as one of God's creatures, is there a DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SERVANT and GOD'S CHOSEN PEOPLE? Actually, there is no difference. If we are talking about the NAME, there is a DIFFERENCE, there is a SPIRIT, if we talk about the ROLE they PLAY there is a DIFFERENCE, but GOD DOES NOT DISTINGUISH against these people.🙏 So WHY ARE THESE PEOPLE CONSIDERED SERVANTS? You MUST UNDERSTAND this. SERVANTS COME FROM UNBELIEVERS. 😪 The mention of NON-BELIEVING PEOPLE TELLS us that their PAST is BAD: they are ALL atheists, in their PAST they are atheists, they DO NOT BELIEVE in GOD, and they hate God, the truth, and positive things thing. They DO NOT BELIEVE in GOD and they DO NOT BELIEVE that there is a GOD, so do they have the ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND GOD'S WORDS? It is fair to say that, for the most part, they are incompetent. 🛑 JUST LIKE ANIMALS CANNOT UNDERSTAND HUMAN WORDS, SERVANTS CANNOT UNDERSTAND WHAT GOD is SAYING, WHAT He NEEDS, why He MAKES such REQUIREMENTS--these things are HARD to UNDERSTAND theirs,They REMAIN UNEXPLAINED. And for this reason, these people do not possess the life we are talking about. Without life, can people understand the truth? Do they have the TRUTH? Do they HAVE EXPERIENCE and KNOWLEDGE of GOD'S WORDS? Certainly not. 😪🙏 But since God made these PEOPLE SERVANTS, there REMAINS equals to His NEEDS of them; He does NOT look down on them, and He is not shallow with them. Although they DO NOT UNDERSTAND His WORDS, and have NO LIFE, GOD REMAINS KIND to them, and still has rules in His requirements of them. You just said these rules: Being FAITHFUL to GOD, and DOING WHAT He says. In your service you must serve where needed, and you must serve until the end. If you can serve to the end, if you can be a faithful servant, serve to the end, and perfectly fulfill the law that God has given you, then you will live a righteous life, and so you canstayYou will add a little more effort, if you improve, you will double your efforts to know God, will be able to tell a little knowledge about God, will be able to witness to God, and more than that, if you will be able to understand something in the will of God,able to cooperate in God's work, and seem to know God's will, so you, this servant will have a change in destiny. And what will be the change in this fate? You can't just stay. Based on your behavior and your personal goals and aspirations, GOD WILL MAKE YOU ONE of the CHOSEN PEOPLE. ☀️ This will be the change in your destiny. For servants, what is the best thing about it? This is that they CAN BE NUMBERED among GOD'S CHOSEN PEOPLE. And what does it mean when they are among God's chosen people? This MEANS that they will not BE INCARNATED AGAIN as an ANIMAL like UNBELIEVING. Is that good? It's good, and it's GOOD NEWS. Which means, SERVANTS can be shaped. That is not the case for servants, when God appoints you to serve, you will do so forever; it wasn't always like that. Based on your individual behavior, God will handle you in a different way, and will answer you in a different way. 🙏 From "The Word Appears in the Flesh" Fulfillment of (John 1:1) and (Ezekiel 2:9-10), (Rev. 19:9,13) 📩 Calling and leading everyone to His lowered Kingdom or Church because it is still standing on earth in the holy place in the air/ youtube "THE CHURCH OF ALMIGHTY GOD 💐 this is the fulfillment of what He said to Peter 2,000 years ago, recorded in (Matthew 16:18'19). This is the the only Church of each one of our spirit that we must listen to or eat and drink like how we eat, dress and sleep every day so that He can guide us and change us by rejecting the evil attached by Satan so as to be perfect, having attained eternal life that will enter the coming replacement of the New Heaven and New Earth. 📥 👉 Note💌 The coming of the Spirit of God incarnated in His second and last incarnation is the fulfillment of what was prophesied in the great BOOK of REVELATION so the last day or last age has come and His coming is to judge and punish unrighteousness of a person so that the pure or perfect person will be able to enter the approaching New Heaven and New Earth in the final judgment that all souls at that time will be reborn to receive the appropriate corresponding punishment (the one that will be destroyed and will no longer exist ) orthe reward of living forever in the New World. 💟
🥀THE GOSPEL OF THE WORD OF ALMIGHTY GOD "the Salvation of the last day that Christ brought the second and last incarnation of His new and holy name" (People only experience in the last days the reappearance of the Redeemer in the flesh, and they receive the personal work and words of God. This is because the last days are the conclusion of the whole age. These the sum and end of God's six-thousand-year rule plan, and these are the end of mankind's suffering life journey. My work will only last six thousand years, and I will I whose contempt for all mankind will not last more than six thousand years. I will not continue or delay any more: In the last days I will conquer Satan, I will take back all My glory, and I will take back the all the souls on earth that belong to Me so that these sorrowing souls can escape from the sea of suffering, and thus My whole work on earth will be finished. I will only do one thing on earth: I will change mankind, the humanity that is holy, and My faithful city on earth. This humanity will remain with Me forever, but it is not the vile filthy humanity of today, but the humanity accumulated from My earnings. The spoils of war I have rescued from Satan's domain, and are the only consummation and fruition of My six-thousand-year rule plan. They come from every nation and denomination, and every place and town, throughout the universe. I will destroy this ancient, and utterly defilement of mankind, as I destroyed the firstborn sons and cattle in Egypt, leaving only the Israelites, who ate lamb's flesh, drank lamb's blood, and sealed blood of sheep's on the beams of their houses) Almighty God said PEOPLE only in the LAST DAYS experience the RE-APPEARANCE of the REDEEMER in the FLESH, and they ACCEPT GOD'S PERSONAL WORKS and WORDS. It will not be two thousand years before the LAST DAYS of the END COME; they are SHORT, as JESUS DID the WORKS during the AGE of GRACE in JUDEA. This is because the LAST DAYS are the CONCLUSION of ALL TIME. These are the FULFILLMENT and the END of the SIX--THOUSAND--YEAR PLAN of GOD'S RULE, and they are the END of HUMANITY'S LIFE JOURNEY of SUFFERING. 🙏 My WORK WILL ONLY LAST SIX THOUSAND YEARS, and I PROMISE THAT EVIL'S HOLD OF ALL HUMANITY WILL NOT LAST MORE THAN SIX THOUSAND YEARS either. ☀️ And so timely. I will not continue or delay any longer: In the LAST DAYS I WILL CONQUER SATAN, I WILL RECOVER ALL MY GLORY, and I WILL RECOVER all the SOULS on EARTH that belong to Me so that these suffering SOULS can LOSE in the SEA of SUFFERING, and thus My ENTIRE WORK on EARTH will be FINISHED. From this day forward, I will never again incarnate on earth, and My domineering Spirit will never again work on earth. 🙏 I will only DO one THING on EARTH: I will CHANGE HUMANITY, humanity that is DIVINE, and My FAITHFUL CITY on EARTH. 🌺 But you must know that I will not destroy the whole world, nor will I destroy the whole humanity. I will KEEP the REMAINING PART THREE---the third part that LOVES Me and COMPLETELY SUBMITS to Me, and I will MAKE them fruitful and MULTIPLY in the EARTH as the ISRAELITES DID UNDER the LAW, FEEDING them with Abundant SHEEP and CATTLE and ALL the ABUNDANCES OF THE EARTH. 🌺 This humanity will remain with Me forever, but it is not the vile filthy humanity of today, but the humanity accumulated from My earnings. 🙏 That mankind will not be harmed, disturbed, or besieged by Satan, and they will be the ONLY mankind that WILL REMAIN ON EARTH AFTER I AM VICTORIOUS AGAINST SATAN. This is humanity that I have NOW CONQUERED and GOT MY PROMISE. And so, the humanity conquered in the LAST DAYS is the same humanity that WILL BE SAVED and ACHIEVE My ETERNAL BLESSINGS. 🌺 This will be the only proof of My victory over Satan, and the only spoils of My battle with Satan. The SPOILERS of WAR I HAVE SAVED from SATAN'S ATTITUDE, and the ONLY COMPLETION and FRUIT of My SIX-THOUSAND-YEAR REIGN PLAN. They come from every nation and denomination, and every place and town, throughout the UNIVERSE. They come from different races, different languages, customs and skin colors, and they are scattered in all countries and denominations around the world, and even in every corner of the WORLD. 🏵️ SOON, they will COME TOGETHER to BUILD THE PERFECT HUMANITY, the meeting of humanity that SATAN'S FORCES CANNOT REACH. 🙏 Those of HUMANITY that I have NOT SAVED and CONQUERED and will SINK SILENTLY in the DEPTH OF THE SEA, and MY BURNING FIRE WILL BURN ETERNALLY. 😪 I will wipe out this old, and utter abomination of mankind, just as I DESTROYED the FIRST-BORN BOYS and cattle in EGYPT, leaving only the ISRAELITES, who EAT lamb's flesh, DRINK sheep BLOOD, and STAMP the BLOOD of the asSHEEP on the beams of their DOORS. 🙏🌷🙏 AREN'T the PEOPLE I CONQUERED and became FAMILY the same PEOPLE who ATE My FLESH as LAMB and I REDEEMED and WORSHIP Me? Aren't they the TYPES of PEOPLE who are always ACCOMPANIED with My GLORY? Are they not without My body, the Lamb, and have quietly sunk into the depths of the sea? Now they oppose Me, and now My words and just like those that Jehovah said to the male children and male grandsons of Israel. BUT HARDNESS IN THE DEPTH of your HEARTS STORES MY WRATH, CAUSES MORE JUDGMENT on your SINS, and more WRATH on your unrighteousness. Who will be saved in My day of wrath, if this is how you treat Me now? ☀️ Whose UNJUSTICE can ESCAPE My EYES of PUNISHMENT? Whose sins can escape the hands of Me, the ALMIGHTY? Whose resistance will escape My judgment, the ALMIGHTY? I, JEHOVAH, am SPEAKING to you, TRIBES of GENTILE FAMILIES, and the WORDS I AM SPEAKING to you are MORE than ALL that was SPOKE in the AGE of LAW and in the AGE of GRACE, but you are more stubborn than all people in Egypt. Are you not storing up My wrath while I PREPARE My REST? How can you get away with nothing?g damage from My Sun, the ALMIGHTY? 🌻 From "The Word Appears in the Flesh" The kingdom that Christ brought down and built from heaven engraved with His Holy name "THE CHURCH OF ALMIGHTY GOD" 💐 fulfillment of (Matthew 16:18) The Lord Jesus said "And I say to you, you are Peter, in upon this rock I will build my Church, that the power of death shall not prevail over her." 💌 So everyone is led here! because this is the last day which means the last age and the last salvation the last stage is the AGE OF THE KINGDOM or the age of the word, in His lowered Kingdom "THE CHURCH OF ALMIGHTY GOD" 💐because the purification of God has come to the individual of the spirit of man ("The Parable of the Washing of the Feet" John 13:5-9)... . EVERYONE WHO HAS AN EAR LISTEN TO WHAT THE SPIRIT SAYS TO THE CHURCHES!" (Rev. 2:7,11,17,29 and 3:6,13,22) 🌺
It's more math than fun, as a matter of fact. 🙂 A full circle = 360 degrees = 2 times pi radians = 6.283185... radians = 6,283.185... milliradians. When the distance to the target is large and the angle small, there is a handy linear approximation : distance at target = angle in radians times distance to target. Here: 1/1000 radians times 1000 meters = 1 meter at target. The number pi has great mathematical properties, but it's hard to handle. At the end of the 19th century, a Swiss artillery officer came up with the idea of dividing the circle in 6,400 art mils. 6,400 is less than 2% away from the 6,283.185 milliradians, close enough to use the linear approximation, and 6,400 is much easier to handle: 1,600 mils = 90°, 3200 mils = 180°, etc. If you want to be fussy about it, the 2% difference means that 5 mils at 1 km = 5 m, 5 mils at 5 km = 25 m but 5 mils at 10 km = 49 m (2% less than 50 meters). The Swiss system spread to other Western countries during WW1 and is now commonly called NATO mils despite Switzerland not being (formally) part of NATO.
I was an 0341 (mortarman) in the USMC. It really brings back memories watching these guys firing the same equipment that I did, the 60mm and 81mm mortars. We align a battery of eight guns essentially using surveying devices so that all eight will fire in the same direction/location for a fire mission. A forward observer who can see the target will send instructions to adjust fire if necessary. We absolutely do not want to see the target as we don't have a lot of cover or security, but eight 81mm mortars can do a lot of damage if no one's shooting at them.
I was 13F (Fire Support Specialist) or a forward observer. Never did get to do or even get to see a practice of direct fire. It was my only bummer while I served. We had a callout called SHAKE & BAKE. It was HE/WP (High explosive/White phosphorus). ROCK HARD.... FiSTER!!!!
You guys would have hardly ever get to see direct fire situation. Because when that happens, it means that the enemy has bypass you and it's now behind you. At that moment it is the FDC calling the shots
@@tatumergo3931 In Direct Fire, FDC is actually not calling the shots, but the actual Gun Chief/Gunner/Assistant Gunner are visually picking targets and calling the shots.
Fire Direction and Control was my job... and part of my job was to know a bit of everything, so here goes. You forgot two of the five parts off the equation in the US... the Survey team, and the Meteorological team. I discuss them later. Time fuses are frequently used for airburst rounds when conditions do not permit the use of radar proximity fuses, as well as rounds intended to detonate higher, like some chemical/WP smoke rounds, as well as base-ejecting rounds like illumination, ICM/DPICM, and some WP smoke rounds. The survey team is the one that puts down the marks for those aiming posts, which give the artillery battery both an exact location and an azimuth between the two posts that tells them where they are and exactly what direction the guns are pointed. The Meteorological team is off someplace else, usually, but they do one of the other jobs of a spotter, in detailing wind and weather for the artillery calculations, to include air temperature and density, and the wind. Why do we care? Because the wind and weather call on an artillery piece has many many kilometers of distance to affect the point of impact... and you can't just take the ground speed, because most of the time an artillery shell is in the air is at a pretty significant altitude. Mils are based loosely off Miliradians; there's 6400 in a circle, and they help make the calculations easier. A one mil angle subtends a one meter distance at a range of one thousand meters. They could have divided degrees down into similarly accurate measurements if necessary, and they do for certain disciplines. A minute of angle is pretty important in navigation and is the approximate derivational source of a nautical mile... it's also roughly a third of a mil. "Exactly" is a very loose concept in artillery. It can vary by many many meters over the effective range of the artillery piece even without the accumulation of errors from other sources. Of course, when you're chucking an HE round that has a kill radius of 50m due to overpressure, it's a bit less important. Also, for anyone who wants to know, yes, that was a slide rule. Last I heard the Marine Corps still trains on them for both the site calculation and the graphical firing table... because the Marine Corps doesn't consider electronics sufficiently reliable to completely depend on.
When I went to artillery school we used “sticks” - those slide rule looking things, which aren’t technically slide rules like engineers had (they are called GFT’s by the way), because we had to operate manual in case systems went down. A GFT was used to determine vertical alignment (range/quadrant elevation) and the HCO (horizontal control).chart operator) for left and right (known as deflection). The Army and Marines (officers) wen to the same artillery school so we learned the same thing. This was back in 1995. I served until 2003.
7:40 I was a 13F forward observer in my time. I’m very impressed with your research. Each unit in the army does their fire missions slightly different. You’re correct, the TTLODAC was used as a planning medium that we would have briefed with our Fires cell- all the different people that are taking part in the mission, including the gun line, the FDC, the Forward Observers, and the commander of the echelon that you’re working with. The TTLODAC would be a “product” (think of it as a menu of preplanned missions) that would have been created usually by an artillery officer when he receives the commanders intent. It has a basic plan of fires that support the major infantry movement or whatever the commanders plan of action is for the operation. The howitzers are not aimed using a TTLODAC, however. Fire missions start with a call for fire, which is initiated by the FO’s. It’s possible that a fire mission could be on the TTLODAC since a commander could order a mission that’s on the “menu”. That would be easy, we’d just say “ Fire Target number AA1234, One round in adjust” and then after that we’d walk the rounds onto that specific target. The TTLODAC wouldn’t account for targets of opportunity and only maybe 1/3 of our fire missions were ever on the TTLODAC, since it’s more of a planning product. When we’re on mission things would’ve changed.
I've worked as both a Forward Observer and a M109A5 Gun Chief - on the gunline we were often given priority targets from the target lists created by the FOs and FDC (usually with input from higher HQ). The howitzers would lay (aim) on the priority targets in case they needed to be shot quickly, until the priority target was canceled by FDC. 😎👍👍
about howitzer recoil, there ARE kits that exist to provide in-ground support that can be driven into very soft/permafrost conditions with an engineer's dozer. A series of i-beams and then grid mats above.
We had direct fire with 120mm mortars once. the targets were app 4km away on the other side of a valley in full sight. Tank wrecks it were. Some offz came along and wanted to know what we can do when fire command is off and we have to shoot on sight. Our mortar was the one, the Uffz estimated the distance with the glasses calculated the load and angle, shot and direct hit. Our captain had to explain that this is nearly impossible with a mortar. A 50m distance impact would be considered as hit since we fight soft targets. Usually it needs three shots to be in that 50m range.
Mils are actually used rather than degrees, because the math can be done quickly in your head if required. Every 1 mil of angle is 1m to the left/right at 1km away. So if the target is 5km out, and they call to correct by 50m to the left, you know thats 250mils left (assuming they're looking from the direction of the gun, of course. Or the FDC will convert the angle/distance with some geometry) In artillery school, you're taught to do everything manually first, before you're taught how to use the computerized systems. They have done a lot of work to design the process so it's as simple as possible, for the accuracy needed.
No they are made to be used because real Mils aka miliradians are much more confusing as there are 6333 miliradians in a circle. Finding your azimuth and thus deflection from you to a target is simple trig but using a number like 6333.333333333333 for math is going to be much more annyoing than a clean 6400
@@masterhacker7065 Yes, that's what using a number close to 1 miliradian does. It gets you 1m deflection at 1000m, more or less. Which is what I said. And yes, use 6400 rather than 6333.3 because the math is easier, like I said. I went to artillery school, too.
@@masterhacker7065 Were there 6333.[3] rad in a circle, pi would have a value of 3.1[6], which is false. There are 2000*pi mrad = 6283.19... mrad in a circle. There are 6400 NATO mills in a circle, as I've found on Wikipedia, which I find annoying.
@@stormycatmink except that the reason we do corrections is because we used nato mils and not si mils as we are inherently off every single time having to do conversions
Bracketing to hit the target. In german it is called "Gabeln" ("forking"), and the trick of that is that you do not try to nudge in towards the target in small steps, but when the first shot is short, you set the second shot DELIBERATELY too far, so that then you get the relation of how much too short to how much too far and can then calculate to hit with the 3rd round.
"you get the relation of how much too short to how much too far and can then calculate to hit with the 3rd round" That is not how bracketing works. One uses bracketing when one does not have the gear to accurately determine the distance of the impact. If your first shell is "long" or "over", then you drop the range of the next shell by 400m; if it is "short" or "under", then you add 400m to the range. If all goes well, your next shell will have bracketed the target, but you cannot know where it is in this 400m bracket. So, your next range adjustment will be 200m, and the one after that will be 100m. You add or subtract these distances from the range depending on where the shell landed: if it was "long", you subtract; if it was short, you add. Now your target is within 100 m of the adjusted centre of impact of the whole battery, and you ask for "Fire for effect" with a final "Add 50" or "Drop 50". Don't try any "shortcuts, such as starting with a first jump of less than 400m or going from 400m directly to 100m. Unless you are very lucky or very very very good at adjusting fires, you will have messed up so badly that you will rather volunteer to hand deliver the shells to the enemy than face your fellow redlegs ever again.
I’m so happy that I found your channel. I love your videos, delivery, sense of humor, passion and excitement. I can’t tell you how much I appreciate you ACTUALLY learning about your topics. You certainly do thorough research and it shows. Cheers mate! 👊🏻
Beside the howitzers, large caliber round can be used by the recoilless rifle. They use to bust pillboxes, enemy defensive position, tanks,armored vehicles anti personnel.. One of the famous is the M40, 106mm recoilless rifles of the Vietnam War. era.
I was an artillery calculator in the Finnish army during my conscript service. We would calculate the direction and angle of the gun by pen and paper and take into account all the variables (air pressure, humidity, temperature, wind etc.) and be able to hit the target very accurately. Nowadays they use a more modern system but it was incredible how accurate you can be with zero computer assistance.
Back in 1997-1999, I helped introduce computers in the Swiss Army tracked 120 mm mortars. There was no gain in speed or accuracy. The real gain was the ability of the computer to generate a different fire solution for each gun. Before computers, the FDC computed by hand and communicated by radio. There could only be a single fire solution for all the guns in a mortar platoon and the guns had to stick together. With computers, the guns could spread out in a wider area and receive their own specific fire solution on an electronic screen. This made the platoon less vulnerable to counter-battery fire and nasty encounters.
One thing I noticed and can't stop thinking about: A few month ago it was reported that a lot of Navy SEALs had been diagnosed with distinctive damage from repeated blast exposure. The description was pretty hard to digest: “Recent studies suggest that damage is caused when energy waves surging through the brain bounce off tissue boundaries like an echo, and for a few fractions of a millisecond, create a vacuum that causes nearby liquid in the brain to explode into bubbles of vapor. Those tiny explosions are violent enough to blow brain cells apart in a process known as cavitation.” Having your head right next to a mortar or any other piece of artillery will probably do the same. I was in the Artillery.
I just wanted to say that something went wrong with your German audio-track! It Beginns in English and Switches after 15 seconds or so, to german. I just thought you might wanted to know :)
@@NotWhatYouThink Maybe it was due to my (German, lol) Internet connection, bc I closed RU-vid and reopened it, and it worked again, sorry for the false Alarm 😅 (I did btw restarted the video and it was the same)
@@NotWhatYouThinkthank you for French audio, it's possible make for all video ? It's automatique or human job one by one? Thank and hello from Switzerland 😉👍🏻
The French Ceasar howitzer System.. In that it is far more mobile, and has a lot more automation in order to speed up the rate of fire, while reducing the size of the support crew...
During Korean and Vietnam wars, Commies used human wave tactics frequently to ovecome enemies... lower barrels to direct shooting are common.There are even specialized 'beehive' rounds which contain thousands of small balls and darts, used like giant shotgun rounds.The effects on enemy infantry are spectacular...hundreds of bodies in front of the howitzers is a sight unforgettable.
THey were shotguns during the revolutionary war. Grapeshot is a thing. We even used varieties of this in viet nam. AP 'beehive' rounds were full of flechettes, but the same principle - chew up soft targets.
13:21 *only* most likely a M109 Paladin, if it is the M109A6 variant with the Paladin system. Other M109 Variants lower than the A6 do not have this nickname (officially). The paladin FDC allowes the M109 to halt and shoot within 30seconds. Also, as always, cool video :D
Good video. I was an Arty officer. Actually, the definitions of mortars vs. howitzers vs. guns (not the general classification of guns... a bit confusing) are based on the ratio of the length of the tube to the diameter of the bore (caliber... a term not used as it is with small arms). A mortar tends to have a tube length 10-15x the bore. Howitzers tend to be 20-25x. Guns (e.g., naval guns) tend to be very long - like 50+. but howitzers are getting longer these days (I think the M109A6 shown has a caliber pushing 40, the French Caesar is 52 but still considered a howitzer???). The longer tubes allow one to drive up velocities either to hit moving targets or to increase ranges. Howitzers tend to be a good compromise in terms of range and utility, and it is very difficult to move long barreled guns around.
In Portugal when needed soldiers eat beans an broccoli and in the battlefield they kill the enemy by farting, there is no need for artillery (thats expensive for Portuguese standards)
at 4:03, you stated a specialized infantry soldier is needed to operate the howitzer. This is not correct; in the US Army, these soldiers are called artillerymen. It's a separate branch from Infantry. I always like your work; sorry for nitpicking.
It what amount of time do you think the projectile travels to the target? This has to be a very bad joke...... I can't believe I even bothered to answer it.
Honestly I've always wondered about this. Obviously cutting the wire to stop the missile is stupid. But the TOW for example has a range of a few Km, a copper wire that long even if thin could come in handy. Or be worth something to scrap.
@@chrisdubia8116 sure, worth grabbing for hobby projects, worth scraping? Bet it's not worth as much as you think. I honestly have no idea what gauge they use but I would bet it's between 26 and 30ga. You might get a few dollars in scrap value
@@chrisdubia8116. I just got this image of a soldier in the middle of a battle, with a pair of scissor or wire cutters, sitting there just waiting to snap the wires of a tow .....hahaha 😆 I believe that they use fiber optics wires and not copper, but if someone is brave enough to run around a battlefield collecting copper wires. Then go ahead and see how that works out. I remember one time a local in Panama, was collecting shrapnel as scrap metal to make a living. He left behind a wife, an old mother and couple of children. Real sad story, he used to sell us mangoes whenever we were on maneuvers.
I'm a Norwegian Artillery Reserve Officer, this video is mostly _very_ dated! Back in 1976 I first trained as an Artillery Ranger/Forward Observer and at that time we did use the procedures shown here, but even then pretty much all our guns were self-propelled 155mm howitzers. We had night-vision laser scopes that provided 5m accurate locations for any target we could see. Just a few years later all the voice radio traffic from us to HQ and from there to each howitzer was replaced with spread spectrum encrypted digital radio, and we could go directly from a single observation to calculating individual aiming points and firing times so that all 6 to 18 grenades would arrive simultaneously.
The US gave up sound ranging about 1990, though the British continued to refine it with computer processing. The US "rediscovered" sound ranging around 2004. Having seen both, and having been 17C sound and flash ranging at the start of my career, I like the Britsh Halo system better, though the US system is more compact. You left out of the equation surveying. To hit an unseen target, you have to know the exact location of BOTH the gun and the target. The survey team or hasty survey by the artillery site recon team provides the gun location. The target location is determined by FOs, map spotting for pre planned targets such as fortifications or bridges, technical means (sound ranging, radar). Today, of course, GPS rules, but it is important to have backups in case of jamming. The current system, MAPS, is based on something called a ring laser gyro, which basically measures movement from a known starting point and direction (Inertial Guidance) The shots of the FDC showed slide rules and RDPs (Range Deflection Protractors) in use. These were replaced by computers decades ago. I am not even sure they are used as backup any longer. Starting in WW II, the US initiated the idea of Time on Target missions. This involved concentrating the fires of multiple batteries or battalions on a target. Despite the different distances between the target and the various firing units, timing offsets are calculated so thought the guns fire at different times, the shells arrive on the target at the same time. Since the first volley causes the most casualties, before the enemy troops can seek cover I have heard that during WW II the US was known to fire TOTs involving up to 17 battalions. That is over 200 shells going off at the same time. I served most of my time in the National Guard in a target acquisition battery, again, most of it as a warrant officer in charge of a radar section. My civilian job for some of that time was as a new equipment trainer for the manufacturer of the Paladin.
Self-propelled howitsers have been used in the direct-fire role in urban combat. The rounds can be fused to detonate inside a building for maximum effect and to minimize collateral damage. 155mm rounds can punch through even solid concrete walls. They can also elevate their tubes much higher than the gun on an MBT.
Fired the mortor 4.2" with 7 different flavors of ammo in vietnam, with H.E the most used. The 155mm fire base through vietnam, Lz. Action had a 175mm LONG TOM for fireing to the H.O trail.1969.
There is not an elevation restriction on vehicle mounted mortars. The limited range from a mortar in a m1129 is due to the recoil system in the vehicle not because of a restricted elevation.
I don't believe that caliber has ever existed in the US Army. US military F.A. calibers for howitzers are 105mm, 125mm, 155mm, 8inch (203mm). Everything after that is rocket or missile artillery, and that's a whole different puppy...
@@tatumergo3931 Look up M-107. The ONLY US Gun that could counter battery the Soviet 130mm M-46. Morse served Cenral Highlands, Ah Shau/Pleiku I think.
@@TheDustysix . Oh yes, that's the old 6 inch gun system before we went up to 8 inch (203mm) M110. That's one old son-fa-bitch, it hasn't been used for a while now. Yeah they used to have all kinds of weird calibers back then, until they got standardized with NATO. Sure the blast from that thing at close range could definitely cause some damage, but I still think it's a tall tale. Even though sometimes reality is stranger than fiction.
I'm not sure how the US Battery Command Posts work, but in the Royal Artillery, using stuff like that (FAME - Field Artillery Manual Equipment, gun tables, fire displacement graphs and such like) usually means that your computer (FACE - Field Artillery Computer Equipment) has went tits up. My period in the Arty was late 70's to late 90's and by the time I left the FAME element had been replaced by hand held computers Now that was last Century so it's surprising that the video showed this type of calculations taking place. Possibly a training exercise to tick a box? an EMP cannot take out a chinograph (grease) pencil, so 'Steam Gunnery' might still be a thing even in this day and age.
If I remember correctly, USAFAS decided to keep manual gunnery as part of the training in the 90s when computers failed in desert heat during Desert Storm. The other rationale that I heard that I agree with, if you can do manual gunnery "charts and darts" as we called it back then, You can better understand the calculation in case someone makes an entry error, you can more easily check for those errors and correct.
The "appareil de direction des feux" (French) or "Feuerleitgerät" (German), literally, the "fire control device", computes the deflection. You put the position of the guns, that of the FO and each target as if on a map. Then you turn it until the guns and the target are aligned vertically and the number shown on the side is the deflection - the direction relative to the north - required for the guns. It's a simple and efficient tool, with one caveat: the usual beginner's mistake with this device is to bombard the FO. As someone else commented, it's used as a backup procedure nowadays and it's also a great way to teach new soldiers where the numbers generated by the computer come from.
Amazing how similar the loading process is the traditional cannons. It seems so slow with the ability to locate enemy fire after even one shot the only real way to go is self propelled howitzers or artillery that can move before the first shot even lands.
What went missing completely is the necessity to have a high precision grid map system and to define a reference direction accurate at 1 mil... many armies used to do that with gyro systems e.g. to find the accurate north direction. Self-propelled howitzers as the Paladin have their own gyro systems allowing them to stop and establish firing capability without an external reference point.
Mortars are not artillery. Artillery has a ballistic trajectory and mortars don’t. Also, if it carries US Mortars, it’s not an M113. The mortar variant is an M1064.
It's not part of the Field Artillery Corps, but it is a type of artillery used mainly by the infantry. Just like the M2 .50cal is considered the smallest form of artillery.
Me sorprendió a mi también. Es increíble como la tecnología a avanzado en tan poco tiempo. Nunca imagine que la IA pudiera llegar a ese nivel inclusive con ese nivel de acento. De cierta manera me preocupa....
@@yohan9577. And nowadays they have that deep fake that's just getting better and better. Once all the people from previous times have passed away, there won't be anyone alive to tell the truth of whatever happened in the pass....
I never heard the term "Fister" when referring to U.S. Army Field Artillery. There was the "FIST"--fire support team, "F.O."--forward observer, and "F.S.O."--fire support officer.
All the mathematics concerning the precise aiming of indirect artillery, was first devised and published by an Italian priest during the mid 1500's, in a booklet. This booklet, containing all its tables and equations, was re-published during the 1980's as a historical curiosity for military historians and wargamers.
Yes even you can "operate a motor" but using a mortar sustem safely and effectively is not that easy. There wouldn't be an MOS just for that if anyone could do it correctly with little training.
