How are Microchips Made? 🖥️🛠️ CPU Manufacturing Process Steps

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Integrated Circuits, CPUs, GPUs, Systems on a Chip, Microcontroller Chips, and all the other different types of microchips are the brains of all the devices and technology that we use on a daily basis. But have you ever wondered how these microchips are made? Well, in this video, we're going to take a tour of a microchip fabrication plant or fab and walk you through the dozens of steps used to make a microchip. Specifically, we focus on how CPUs are made. CPU, GPU, and Smartphone Microchip manufacturing is a multi-trillion dollar industry, and each factory costs in the tens of billions of dollars. This is an overview of all the processes used to make a microchip, as well as an overview of a microchip factory. We're planning more videos on microchip manufacturing, such as a 3D animated factory tour.
This is the MOST complicated video we've made by FAR!! 4 different animators have been working on this video non-stop for the past 5 months, for a total of 1300 hours of research, modeling, script writing, animating, editing, animating again, rendering, and then more editing. Support us on Patreon is you want more videos like this one.
/ brancheducation
Website: www.branch.education
On Facebook: / brancheducation
Shoutout to Asianometry RU-vid channel / @asianometry . This RU-vid channel is filled with tons of information on the semiconductor industry, and Microchip Fabs.
Table of Contents:
00:00 - How are Transistors Manufactured?
02:06 - The nanoscopic processes vs the microchip fab
02:34 - What's inside a CPU?
04:31 - What are FinFet Transistors
05:06 - Imagine Baking a Cake
05:44 - Simplified Steps for Microchip Manufacturing
07:51 - 3D Animated Semiconductor Fabrication Plant Tour
09:54 - Categories of Fabrication Tools
10:26 - Photolithography and Mask Layers
11:52 - EUV Photolithography
13:39 - Deposition Tools
15:02 - Etching Tools
16:02 - Ion Implantation
17:03 - Wafer Cleaning Tools
17:29 - Metrology Tools
18:16 - Detailed Steps for Microchip Fabrication
20:29 - Research and Hours Spent on this Video
22:18 - Silicon Wafer Manufacturing
23:19 - Wafer Testing
23:42 - Binning
24:59 - Explore Brilliant
27:20 - Thank you to Patreon Supporters
Key Branches from this video are: How do Computers Work? How do SoCs Work?
Animation: Mike Radjabov, Prakash Kakadiya, Adrei Dulay, Parvesh Khatri
Research, Script and Editing: Teddy Tablante
Twitter: @teddytablante
Modeling: Mike Radjabov, Prakash Kakadiya
Voice Over: Phil Lee
Sound Design: www.drilu.world/
Sound Effects and Music Editor: Raúl Núñez, David Pinete
Supervising Sound Editor and Mixer: Luis Huesca
Erratum:
Animation built using Blender 4.1 www.blender.org/
Internet References:
WikiChip Fuse fuse.wikichip.org/ is an amazing resource for the specs of different technology nodes.
Semiconductor Engineering semiengineering.com/ is an amazing resource for news in the semiconductor industry.
TechPowerUp www.techpowerup.com/ is an amazing resource for tech specs of various technology devices.
Wikipedia contributors. "FOUPs", "Integrated Circuits", "Photolithography", "Semiconductor Devices", "Semiconductor Device Fabrication", " Silicon". Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, Visited May 13nd 2024
Internet References:
Tool Model reference images acquired from: www.appliedmaterials.com/il/e...
www.tel.com/product/all/index...
Textbooks:
Handbook of Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology By Robert Doering and Yoshio Nishi
Microchip Fabrication: A Practical Guide to Semiconductor Processing. Peter Van Zant
Semiconductor Microchips and Fabrication: A Practical Guide to Theory and Manufacturing by Yaguang Lian
Semiconductor Manufacturing Handbook. Second Edition By Hwaiyu Geng
#Microchip #Manufacturing #CPU

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14 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 8 тыс.

@BranchEducation 29 дней назад

Also, if you have any questions on the video or semiconductor fabrication, I'd be happy to answer them here. This video took an incredible amount of work to make. Me (Teddy T.) and a few other animators (Mike R., Prakash K., Adrei D., and Parvesh K.) have been working non-stop on this video for the past 4.5 months. If you want more videos like this one support our Patreon: www.patreon.com/brancheducation Q: Why do we use older components e.g. i9-13900K, or the 3090GPU, or Iphone 13 Pro. A: We purchase broken (typically 1 generation old) components from EBay and tear them open to model them. Q: Is binning done with all the chips? A: Well GPUs are also binned, for example the 3090ti, 3080ti, 3090 and 3080 are all the same chip design called GA102. Whereas DRAM chips are not typically binned, but rather due to the redundancy of DRAM, there are typically extra array structures beyond the capacity of the chip. If cells in an array fail, then they are replaced with the redundant cells. When a chip runs out of redundancy it's considered defective and thrown out. Beyond that chips are binned based on quality and interface speed capability. Thank you @JoeLion55 for the correction. Q: Marcel151 asked: The transistor layer, sits it more at the bottom or at the top of the CPU? A: JoeLion55 answered: During construction on the wafer, the transistors are built first, directly on the surface of the silicon wafer. Then all of the metal interconnect layers are built on top. This all happens on the original wafer, with hundreds of dies on the wafer. So when in wafer form, the transistors are on the bottom, and the metal is on the top. However, during the packaging process, after the dies are cut apart from the wafer, the die is flipped over and mounted upside-down onto the package substrate. This is because the pins are on the bottom of the package (the pins that go into the socket on the motherboard). The pins on the package need to connect to the top metal layer on the die, which is what allows external signals to enter and exit the die. So, the die is flipped over so the top metal layer is now facing down, and is soldered to the package substrate. So technically, when you have a final "chip" that you install in a motherboard, when you're looking at the top of the chip where the heatspreader is, if you had X-ray vision and could see through the top of the chip, you would be looking at the backside of the die. The backside of the die is pure silicon. Then, if you keep looking through, you would find the transistor layers next. Then keep digging and you'd go through all of the metal layers, then finally you'd reach the interposed and package board. Q: elektronikk-service asked: How do you align the different layers in a chip? They cannot be off by more than a few nm. A: Joe Lion55 responds: they layers have alignment makes built in. Those are little cross or X-shaped structures that are non functional (they’re not part of any live circuit). But when the lithography machine is putting down a new layer, it will find the alignment marks from the previous layer and adjust the wafer position and/or the scanner optics until the alignment marks are in the right place. Q: Someone asked about low die yield for small nanometer transistors, and was it just particles that resulted in low die yield? A: For new technology nodes, which are the smallest nanometer names for the transistors- Typically low die yield is due to getting exact parameters for the process steps correct. For example, when FinFets were first being developed, a etching pillars of silicon was incredibly difficult and designing / engineering / and then fine tuning the etchers to perfectly etch billions of fins in perfect fin structures is wildly difficult and is what contributed to low die yield. This is just one of the processes but the example applies to practically all other processes for the a new node. For example, when you do ion implantation, you need to evenly implant about 5-10 atoms of boron / phos to a specific region of the fin. Well, what happens if there are just 2 dopant atoms? Or what about 50?

@VariantAEC 28 дней назад

I've been considering concepts of mobile fabrication plants, meaning making logic chips in a plant that can fit inside something that can be moved in several parts if needed; optimally, in a single trailer which was a stretch even with what I did already know. Most of what I know about these procedures comes from free publicly available information that doesn't cover all these steps. If there is no better way to make logic chips (APUs and more), then I'm not sure it would be possible to improve upon this. That said, I still don't know why the water and possibly some solvents used in cleaning processes can not be recycled (even though I understand purification would take extra energy no matter what method is used). This idea was on the back-burner, so I didn't put in this type of careful research into actually making mobile fabrication plants a reality. Maybe certain types of chips could still be made with mobile chip fabrication plants?

@TheTysonPeaks 28 дней назад

We know. And we thank you greatly.

@BranchEducation 28 дней назад

@@VariantAEC One machine, such as the ion implanter is the size of a 2 car garage. It is shipped in shipping containers and takes a weeks to install, test and get up and running. Then it also needs to be in a cleanroom which takes billions of dollars to build in itself.

@piplupempoleon4225 28 дней назад

So how to relate this video with samsung 5 nanometer failure low yield in 2021-2022, or low yield in general, is it simply because of dust or mistake in photolayering?

@VariantAEC 28 дней назад

@@BranchEducation I understand the size and scope of these machines currently. My question is why they need to be that big in the first place? I also understand the layouts of some of thess facilities... lots of empty space. Could that all be reduced greatly to make one type of chip? Could we use one pint of pure water to clean on wafer at a time - for certain cleaning steps - and recycle that same pint almost indefinitely?

@pufflonn 28 дней назад

This channel deserves millions upon millions of views… the animations and graphics are better than anything I’ve seen ever.

@unvergebeneid 28 дней назад

But the narrator doesn't understand the subject matter and when he screws up, there's no take two.

@vermillion4971 28 дней назад

True.

@modernkangal 28 дней назад

Yeah this is just insane, the level of research, the level of skill for the animation, the level of skill for explaining it and the great narrating voice. I wish I had the power to even get these animations played in school

@wilkinsune 28 дней назад

It's just a matter of time until it does. Shockingly good quality videos always get the attention they deserve.

@BariumCobaltNitrog3n 28 дней назад

Consider the view count the number of people intelligent enough to understand and curious enough to stay engaged for half an hour of dense, complex material. People like you.

@onieyoh9478 28 дней назад

Best video I've ever seen explaining CPU production.

@PraveenKumar-fs6of 28 дней назад

Absolutely

@musicplus6306 28 дней назад

Lol it's the only one

@luminvade 28 дней назад

@@musicplus6306Lol true!

@ciCCapROSTi 28 дней назад

You must not watch many videos about it then. It's decent, but far from the best.

@teamredstudio7012 28 дней назад

@@musicplus6306 Oh really? I must have dreamt watching many other videos years back. Thanks for letting me know I've been living a lie!

@Eternith 10 дней назад

I recently fell into a rabbit hole about fabs and found this video just in time. Absolutely mind blowing how humans are capable of this, and most of us are clueless about this incredible feat of engineering powering the phones and computers we use daily.

@lightblade_minecraft8733 12 дней назад

I cannot even begin to explain how interesting this is for me. I never could've guessed in 1000 years that a single transistor could be made so small so accurately. Thank you for making this video.

@AkliSa 25 дней назад

My guy casually drops one of the most detailed RU-vid videos on HOW PROCESSORS ARE MADE and act like we wouldn't notice. This channel is incredible

@user-bo9yp1zp5u 24 дня назад

u speaking skibidi language

@GoodGuyRuska- 23 дня назад

@@user-bo9yp1zp5u 😂

@folk_the_animator 23 дня назад

@@user-bo9yp1zp5u skibidibapmdara

@ojciecwasz7169 21 день назад

@@user-bo9yp1zp5u True

@Markos581973 20 дней назад

Your guy?

@AIdle42 27 дней назад

As a retired technician, working with semiconductor fabrication line for 27 years. This the best and details explanation. Thank you.

@bartleyt7358 27 дней назад

What an endorsement!

@GenghisClaus 26 дней назад

Don't lie, no humans are capable of understanding any of this. Clearly this is all designed and operated by aliens.

@ShegerBusiness 26 дней назад

Where to start to be a semiconductor technician?

@mineton1293 25 дней назад

@@ShegerBusiness At least at the fab I'm at, an associates in engineering (mechanical or electrical) is enough to be a technician maintaining the tools. Honestly, just apply and see if they accept. At worst they say no.

@FallenLight0 12 дней назад

Guys, so the i9 i7 i5 i3 are all the same chip but the difference between them are the amount of defective parts? So those Intel CPU without Integrated Graphics actually have integrated graphics but it just doesn't work due to the problems during production?

@alloy5317 14 дней назад

i work for ASML. we make the lithography equipment. The 170 million dollars price tag is inaccurate. it's around 250 million dollars and the latest model is going to cost $350m to $400m dollars.

@FallenLight0 12 дней назад

Dude. Imagine the amount of governments that wants the secrets that are inside your brain. Kinda scary isn't it?

@EvoPortal 12 дней назад

The 7nm UV units were 170 million...this has been well known for long time now.

@Badtitanb3ast 12 дней назад

Sure u do.

@dude67828 9 дней назад

How long until China is able to replicate?

@boraaslan1890 9 дней назад

dont spread this shit around here

@prasannabantu284 9 дней назад

Seriously I cant believe that we are watching this for free. As a electronics major this is one of the best chip manufacturing lectures/videos I have ever seen

@RealHorsen 28 дней назад

I think this is your best video yet. Well done everyone who worked on it

@BranchEducation 28 дней назад

Thanks! I appreciate it!

@Feldsvendark 29 дней назад

I am speechless about this immensely clear and yet overwhelming graphical representation and the yet understandable explanations. You are doing a fantastic job!!

@MasterBlaster3545 27 дней назад

What humans have accomplished is beyond words. Also one man does not know how the whole process works. It is a collaboration of different companies that bring it all together. One mines the commodities to make the machines and buildings. Others design and builds the buildings, whilst another builds the machines. Then you have the programmers and designers of the chips. Also the maintenance guys for when the machines break down etc etc.

@Dr.Kraig_Ren 26 дней назад

@@MasterBlaster3545we started out with simple stuff, and it got complex as we kept improving and adding stuff. All of humanity's developments are responsible for semiconductors. Even the discovery of fire!😅

@onestepahead1857 24 дня назад

Greatly detailed video wow yes thank you. Wow yes. Yes.

@griffindragon3562 24 дня назад

Yep

@SethiozProject 6 дней назад

i knew how micro processors were made, but watching this video was still interesting. the level of detail is quite good, however what i was really hoping to see on this video, when clicking on it, is not the concept of CPU, but how the machines actually work. i mean seeing the real machines work.

@NikhilJoseph-qz4sk 3 дня назад

One of the best, if not the best video out here in RU-vid on semiconductor chips. The editing, animations, and informations are top and easy to understand. Would absolutely recommend this video!

@yasirnoori4848 12 дней назад

Thank you Branch Education. One of the best videos I watched on semiconductor fabrication. As a researcher in this area, I can say that the video is the most detailed on RU-vid. In making the metal interconnects 19:15 you typically perform a process called electroplating, instead or in addition to physical vapour deposition, to deposit copper. It is also useful to distinguish between front-end-of-line fabrication stages and back-end-of-line fabrication stages to make a distinction between the transistor layers and the interconnect layers. Between the front and back-end-of-line stages are barrier layers deposited to prevent elements, such as copper, from migrating different layers of the chip.

@garybusto4070 26 дней назад

Everyone’s saying “omg the animations”.. but seriously holy sh*t! The hours and hours that it takes to pull off stuff like this. Things we’re enjoying in 10 seconds took 4 hours.

@maynardburger 26 дней назад

Semiconductor manufacturing is legitimately the most complex and crazy thing humans have ever engineered and produced. Like, even rocket science pales in comparison in most ways. There's other super complex fields like neurobiology and whatnot, but nothing in terms of what people are actually putting into practice and MAKING.

@mkv1.wood1 26 дней назад

Especially the transistor holy fkc

@campc1 26 дней назад

3 Months

@wade3owais819 25 дней назад

What about the quantum computers? They are surely more complex than that@@maynardburger

@abrahamdomingo8239 24 дня назад

@@wade3owais819 have you seen quantum computers? I imagine they took a while to make but it's got like 1000 qubits and are about 20 feet across. Like you can see each of the tubes leading to where. Chips are unequivocally more complex. We make a big hoopla about quantum computers but they suck pretty bad for what they are. Like it's amazing what they could be, especially if we continue trying to make them better, but they're pretty shit. Calling them a computer is like calling a couple logic gates a calculator.

@user-kd6wf6pf3g 21 день назад

I am a Staff Engineer at Samsung Semiconductor. This is the best video I've ever seen, including all the educational content from Samsung.

@RonnieB-lj7vb 16 дней назад

Fix the heating and make better chips!

@uknwn7023 14 дней назад

u sure?@@RonnieB-lj7vb

@mr.rishideshmukh2061 14 дней назад

@@RonnieB-lj7vb😂

@FallenLight0 12 дней назад

So the i9 i7 i5 i3 are all the same chip but the difference between them are the amount of defective parts? So those Intel CPU without Integrated Graphics actually have integrated graphics but it just doesn't work due to the problems during production?

@Der.Geschichtenerzahler 11 дней назад

@@FallenLight0 that's what I understood as well. It's a broken egg sold at a cheaper price.

@mouinhosn3017 13 дней назад

One of the best videos ever made. I work for Comet Group that supplies RF Generators, Impedance Matching Networks, and high power vacuum variable capacitors that are used in these tools ( deposition/etching of conductor/dielectric). Looking forward to more educational material

@FallenLight0 12 дней назад

@sonustar777 11 дней назад

I have been searching this information for years and this is the first time I found proper details information with all the accurate visuals. You really deserve great appreciation. Waiting for more videos like this. 👍👍👍👍

@mingueihung 28 дней назад

As an engineer in semiconductor manufacturing industry, I want to say this is by far the best and detailed video to explain the IC manufacturing process. I can even tell which tool is which by looking at the animated pictures. The video production team really did a great job in the details.

@michaelleahy7794 27 дней назад

An amazingly accurate presentation, might be as close as the normi can get to getting inside a fab

@bhuvaneshs.k638 27 дней назад

@@michaelleahy7794 u need to apply for process engineer or Fabrication Engineer. Or also u can get into design part of it

@zr2ee1 27 дней назад

Lol right, when they detail the LF generators on the producer GT's you know it's legit..hard to believe AMAT would have gave them the CAD's for those

@bryomuch 27 дней назад

so you are the guys causing chip shortage😂😂

@maynardburger 26 дней назад

Would have been so easy to get a lot of this stuff wrong, too. Sounds like they probably double checked their info with some expert to be sure, cuz no way some amateur fumbles their way through all this jargon and machinery and whatnot without messing up.

@chaussures_sacados 28 дней назад

After more than 4 years working in a cleanroom, I've never seen such a clear and faithful explanation. Simply unbelievable. Congrats!

@user-ml1wj9qf9f 25 дней назад

You got to work in a cleanroom!! This seems so cool to me, I want to research what training/skills I need to work there

@davidgoncalvesalvarez 15 дней назад

Bro makes the most graphical, structured and well visualized video about chip fabrication and even answers questions. Bro, I’m subscribed right now and bing watching this channel for the whole week. Keep up the incredible work.

@jean-pierresteenberg 7 дней назад

ya bro so cool bro, cpu was like bro im gona get skibbidy with an oxide layer bro and then it was like no cap im gonna get etched bro

@Gamesoftsre 7 дней назад

@@jean-pierresteenbergstop bullying him 😂 bro life fr bro

@parakhpatel93 24 дня назад

University where take thousands of dollars to give education but this channel give increadible free knowledge with single click, hats of you🙏

@jean-pierresteenberg 7 дней назад

only in america, this is basics 2nd year cs in CA

@xbeta84 28 дней назад

Over the last 30-yrs working in this industry, this is the best video for anyone to watch and understand how chips were made! Absolutely perfect!

@ciCCapROSTi 28 дней назад

Asianometry is better.

@piplupempoleon4225 27 дней назад

@@ciCCapROSTithis channel is better for animation and general knowledge, asianometry more like insight news

@RedShiftMusic 14 дней назад

Thank you for making this amazing video free. We appreciate you Branch Education - one of the best educators on RU-vid. Keep up the great work!!

@woyard 8 дней назад

this is some of the best science & engineering communication on the internet right now please don't stop

@Runeknight101 28 дней назад

The quality and clarity are unmatched on this platform. This channel's videos should be shown in schools.

@afrosaxon 27 дней назад

They could replace schools

@jdrevenge 24 дня назад

Semiconductor manufacturing engineer here. Well done, folks. This is the best video of its kind that I've seen. I'm sharing it with a ton of people I work with and it's my new go-to for when people ask what I do. I'm especially impressed at the models of all of the processing tools. Spot on.

@maximusasauluk7359 24 дня назад

The dude literally made one of the best scientific pieces of Human history, it's literally the epitome of human technology, the most complex thing we have and probably will ever make. Despite being the best example of Human ingenuity, most people have no idea where the things powering their phones and laptops come from, not anymore with this video.

@bilalafzal6686 День назад

This channel is a gem. Truly the greatest content I have ever seen. Keep doing waht you guys are doing. Detailed video explanations of hardware/computer engineering and the building blocks of the latest tech is exactly what we need more of. Thank you @BranchEducation !

@alhassanelmardi4797 2 дня назад

i want you to know that this channel did one of biggests favors, its explaining how CPU are made. i feel very grateful for being born in this generations of modern engineering

@akhilnikhil773 28 дней назад

Semiconductor Manufacturing is indeed the most complex and high precision job for any engineer, it is the work of 100s of scientists and engineers that made this world possible. One of the best videos I had ever seen on this complicated process. Love you man ❤

@brodriguez11000 28 дней назад

Even with there are details still left out. It's that complicated.

@Omniassassin7 28 дней назад

In a world where the internet is filled with absolute idiocy, this video exists as a testament to why it could possibly be the single greatest invention in human history. Thank you, you are doing the world a service.

@bloodaid 27 дней назад

1% of the population upholds the survival of the 99%

@charliedoyle7824 27 дней назад

As a dedicated and hardworking internet idiot, I object to your harsh attack on me and my people! And everybody knows that plastic is the greatest invention in human history! Where would civilization be without it?

@piplupempoleon4225 27 дней назад

@@charliedoyle7824without internet, most people will still cope with primitive religion, information is more precious than one substance

@reapersasmr5483 27 дней назад

Yeah but there is far two few of us that understand this stuff or even care about it

@JussiTorres 27 дней назад

@@piplupempoleon4225 Hey bro, I'm religious and I'm currently studying systems engineering, my father is a physicist. Not cool bro.

@narcostarko 13 дней назад

As somebody that's a tool and die maker and has worked in a handful of different industries, this is by far something I wish we could get a real behind the scenes look at. Making something this complex and at such a small size is like a watch makers wet dream or something I'm sure hahaha. Very impressive research and writing to create this video

@abcd_0777 2 дня назад

This is the most worthwhile time I have ever spent watching a RU-vid video !!

@KaneBear1 27 дней назад

What you are doing is revolutionary. No one has ever made a video about microchip manufacturing this deep.

@black56night 26 дней назад

5 people working away for 4.5+ months of work, utterly spoiling us for almost 30 minutes, is way more than the 3 months for the build of the single wafer you highlighted! Your work deserves an Oscar (if there was such an equivalent) in this type of video production. Honestly I hope this channel will serve the next generation of EEs, Mech Eng, Comp Eng and CS majors graduating and enhance their knowledge. Absolutely phenomenal work. Thank you so much for your efforts and I can not wait to see what you have planned for us next. 😊

@Shabazza84 3 дня назад

Those videos are pure insanity in how well they are researched, structured and explained and even animated.

@shockawe3773 10 дней назад

This is the BEST video out there to explain this complicated topic. Well done, it is just amazing.

@tackontitan 28 дней назад

The sheer level of complexity at such a small scale is nothing short of magic. The fact that people figured out how to make these chips is amazing.

@borealfox 28 дней назад

And we still have these morons on the internet calling all scientists and engineers "frauds" from their phones saying that the earth is flat. Oh the irony is beyond human appreciation.

@bvbxiong5791 28 дней назад

we figured it out by starting big and then downsizing. at the start, a computer could take up whole rooms. then we figured out new and smaller components and materials and methods that could do the same work the big components did...and again, and again, and again till we got to today. crazy to imagine that in the future, those people will look at this stuff and think how barbaric our methods were.

@cavemann_ 28 дней назад

@@bvbxiong5791 I have a strong suspicion that we have more or less reached a plateau at least in this area. Further innovations will have to be made, like quantum computing (if it's even possible) to surpass this.

@teamredstudio7012 28 дней назад

@@cavemann_ I believe the biggest factor is the battery. But companies are hungry sharks that only eat money. The batteries are the biggest cause for wasted electronics and the only thing that really ages in a computer (although these days, SSDs and OLED panels also degrade from usage, but they are always far from end of life before the battery is so dead it doesn't even power the device up anymore). CPUs and storage is still following Moore's law. You just don't notice the speed increments anymore because it's gotten so fast there is no software that uses the hardware to it's full potential, and games are getting so terribly unoptimised they run poor even on things that are insanely capable.

@teamredstudio7012 28 дней назад

@@bvbxiong5791 I thought they started small, with just some logic gates and then scaled it up by turning components that can behave like switches into logic gates , and then make those components into bigger components that can sum up two numbers and so forth. I guess you mean in physical size, but I think more as in the size as in the amount of transistors and traces. It's not super impressive, science evolves by building on the knowledge and blueprints created. Cars still have 4 wheels. Modern phones still share the design of the first iPhone, it's just copy paste and make some tweaks to the design to make it more powerful. At some point it's going to get too complicated for humans to fully understand (if we aren't there already) so I don't know if humans will ever find what we have now stupid since I doubt even in 100 years or even 1000 years many people are going to understand how a microchip actually works.

@rafi_mota 28 дней назад

I have no experience in any process of this production. But I'm dead serious when I say that this is the BEST educational video on RU-vid.

@illypsoillypso8761 9 дней назад

wow, nice explanation, the precision needed for this process is insane

@kyle7978 3 дня назад

Best video I've ever seen explaining chip production.

@fryz9069 28 дней назад

As someone who is working as IC designer, this is the best explanation and visuals of chip fabrication I have ever seen. And surprisingly accurate for a video intended for general audience. Keep up the good work!!

@ryovacuum3482 22 дня назад

as an engineer of one of the processes, this video is the best video explaining everything related to semiconductor manufacturing i have ever watched. excellent video, excellent modelling, excellent scripts

@USER1.01.01 21 день назад

chill dude you guys are inane😮‍💨😮‍💨

@izzadabdullah5565 21 день назад

@@USER1.01.01 yeah these guys are inane???🤔

@wertdeg 20 дней назад

so you guys got this technology from aliens right?

@kidik5461 20 дней назад

I was expecting some info on the PCM testing as well.

@chiquilinpcmx 10 дней назад

I’ve been watching RU-vid for over 10 years now. This is the best video I’ve watched. Your educational content is inspiring!

@luckybear1650 8 дней назад

The quality of this video is so high, I love it! thank you for your hard work

@daleschroeder232 26 дней назад

I have been working with and repairing computers for almost 30 years. I've done a lot of study and have kept up with most facets of the industry. I have never come across a video series that explains, so clearly, the details of the chip manufacturing process. I will make sure to have all my colleagues watch your wonderful presentations.

@deepak_nigwal 25 дней назад

this is mainly because its always a closely guarded secret in the industry. Specially, the details of the masks, circuit interconnections, chip module layouts, etc are never shared in public. Even the factory tour requires special high level permission/ clearance. Some people who work in the industry which provide tools for chip manufacturers, such as ASML lithography, vapor deposition, etc have some idea what they do and how they do. Apart from this, this is an active area of research, and is published in well known journals as well, but being hidden behind the paywalls, the published research also stay away from the reach of general public. Edit : for those who want to dive deeper into the subject, there are dedicated channels which i would recommend - Asianometry (you will thank me later)

@61keystonirvana 28 дней назад

You have the ability to explain in 30 minutes what universities can't teach in a semester. This is by far the best 3D animation I've ever seen-better than Animagraffs. I'm in love with this channel. I'm a student today, but I'll definitely become a patron once I start earning. Thank you once again!

@x-gamessimulator1067 28 дней назад

The problem is that animagrafs are generalized! The information is not very precise. How so? Precise in the sense of going deeper into the subject.

@vectorsahel5420 9 дней назад

Its insane how good this video is, thank you for your hard work!!!

@mars.unleashed 28 дней назад

23:45 I wasn't expecting that CPUs are manufactured and labeled based on how many cores don't work. This was an incredible in depth video. Thank you for your efforts!

@user_78534 28 дней назад

New Fear unlocked. Was not expecting that also.

@firefreezer3165 28 дней назад

It is not always like that, sometimes you get an actual i7 or sometimes a defective i9, these companies Eg. Nvidia, Intel, AMD always launch their Higher end models first due to this reason - so that based on the yield & defects could accordingly launch the budget models

@pwii 28 дней назад

back in the day there were tools and ways of unlocking the disabled cores on CPUs at the possible cost of instability (most of the times there was a reason why they were disabled), these days they made that pretty much impossible though

@SourSoup87 28 дней назад

Yeah imagine going for a i9 instead of i7 or i5 but telling your buddy at store you want one that works, and send him the link of the video with time stamp...

@suryansh3760 28 дней назад

it means im using i9 by the name of i3 😂

@dhruvmehta10 28 дней назад

Best semiconductor manufacturing animation video I saw on RU-vid

@oRustam 10 дней назад

insane amount of work and incredible result. thank you so much for your videos!

@lovisseinwill 6 дней назад

Wow, absolutely stunning work. Truly one of the best videos i've seen so far

@whisk8700 22 дня назад

Microchips are such a sci-fi level of technology it's incredible

@ddontyy 19 дней назад

That's because the technology came from UFOS/UAP, Realize what era the microchip was invented and connect the dots... Remember they have to be precise to the Nanometer, one mistake in a layer containing thousands of precise metal in hundreds of layers results in a defunct CPU. Oh did I mention that one broken or changed component in any machine can result in previous and future machinery to be changed...

@C3POtheDragonSlayer 27 дней назад

Gotta say the RU-vid algorithm hit it out of the park recommending this channel to me

@monkeysfromthematrix2642 12 дней назад

unbelievable how you guys put this stuff together 🤯

@tarynthealmighty5936 4 дня назад

This is one of the most amazing educational videos i have ever seen! THank you SO much for creating this!

@awesomeavionics1342 28 дней назад

This is the singular most helpful video on CPU design available. The quality of animation, the visuals, and the script really help boil down all of the mechanisms an processes involved in making a silicon die.

@pwang33ece 26 дней назад

As a 20yr tech vet with a graduate degree in EE, who started his career in semiconductor process tech and chip reliability, this is the best most well done/informative video on this topic I’ve ever seen. This can be shown in a freshman semiconductor course to help folks visualize that’s actually happening without sacrificing details. The quality of the video really reflects your effort

@rhadiem 3 дня назад

Fantastically done, including the modeling and animation.

@SiCVoltage 2 дня назад

This channel is awesome if I had money I’ll support you in a million second of a second because you’re content is so important and the animation are so detailed. Thanks Branch Education for the awesome work your team does every single episode that y’all do.

@RealCrafter645 28 дней назад

This channel is insane! Ever since the shader video I have been hooked. Keep up the work!

@BranchEducation 28 дней назад

Glad you enjoy it!

@lyall3000 26 дней назад

One of the greatest youtube videos ever created, comprehensively explaining the greatest feat of human engineering ever accomplished. It doesn't get any better.

@dav7824 5 дней назад

Very detailed animation! Thank you all for this incredible work!

@KapilLanjewar2024 28 дней назад

As an Embedded Systems Engineer who works on microcontrollers, it's refreshing to see how the CPUs are made. We embedded engineers take these Engineering Marvel for granted without realizing the efforts that go into making chips out of sand (aka Silicon). Kudos to the entire Branch Education Team for making Science, Technology and Engineering accessible for free to everyone around the world! We need more of Branch Education ❤

@AudioVideo_IT 28 дней назад

Me Too!

@doriastein6001 10 дней назад

The effort put into this video is phenomenal. This is my favorite way to learn.

@boyinlove2k 12 дней назад

Totally blown away by the animations

@eddiel1538 18 дней назад

Hi I am 60 years old electronics technician, I used many semiconductors in my life but never looked in to technology that makes them. Your video is incredible, thank you very much. 👍👍🇦🇺

@helloitsamie6214 6 дней назад

How much is the salary?

@Neomadra 28 дней назад

Microchip manufacturing is truly a marvel of engineering. Thank you so much for making this understandable for everyone, even dummies like me.

@loipham31 7 дней назад

As always, videos from Branch Education is valuable. They are priceless. Thank you very much!

@shanecormier1 8 часов назад

Incredible work. You make it much easier to understand the process with your visuals.

@user-vs9rt6cq6l 28 дней назад

Working in the industry (photolithography) for over a decade, watching this on a Friday night, after a very busy work week. And still enjoyed it tremendously! Truly, kudos to BranchEducation team!!

@wilhelmbittrich88 27 дней назад

What a neat job you have. How does one get into your line of work?

@user-vs9rt6cq6l 27 дней назад

@@wilhelmbittrich88 a technical degree (masters or PhD), preferably in an area involving physical sciences or electrical engineering, a curious mind, and an ability to work in multinational/multidisciplinary teams :)

@bryomuch 27 дней назад

so you are the guys causing chip shortage😂😂 we found one lads

@adawg3032 19 дней назад

Idk who animated this, but give him or her, or the team, a damn raise. That was epic.

@SethiozProject 6 дней назад

well they've made about 3000 usd from this video alone and it's only been 3 weeks. + the money from sponsor (brilliant). on youtube, 1 million views is worth anywhere between 1000 - 3000 usd. you might think for 1300 hours of work it's not that much, but it's not only video on the channel. this video will be getting views for at least next 10 years

@cantingvenus2 6 дней назад

This is by far the best educational channel in CS/CE/EE on this planet. Thank you

@Keyse_Alfa 13 дней назад

Thank you so much man. This was ONE of the best videos I watched on RU-vid. I shared to our class group, I learnt a lotttt. Thanks again

@ManurKini 26 дней назад

This kind of research, animation, correct content delivery deserves applause.

@leadeeeeer 19 дней назад

The value that you are giving is just priceless! Deep thanks from my heart!

@jojogh10 11 дней назад

This channel is the best thing that has come to the internet for a long time. Period. Thank you so much.

@omarelsehity 7 часов назад

Best video I've ever seen explaining silicon production

@josephoduor2358 28 дней назад

Learnt more about chip manufacturing in this 26 minute video than in all 5 years of my undergraduate electrical engineering degree.

@SerialBitBanger 28 дней назад

Same here!

@julianzassenhaus2228 25 дней назад

Its crazy how clear these explanations are, I've not found a single other source that 'dumbs down' this process enough for a layman to understand it.

@LinuxJediMaster 13 дней назад

This is the best educational channel on YT. The balance between complexity and detail of the content and keeping it simple to understand for the average viewer is magnificent. The visual content is thorough and relevant.

@ewak4600 7 дней назад

Such a great video, thank you guys for sharing it for free!

@safdaralli2567 26 дней назад

MAN..I thought particle physics was mind boggling...BUT...this stuff is mind boggling and mind blowing times ten..I am truly awestruck at what it takes to make a microchip..I'm blown away. The men and women behind this are geniuses. Thank you to everyone for all the hours and effort that has made this video possible..this is beyond wonderful. I was first introduced to DUV machines on a radio program on NPR..at 3 o'clock in the morning..an interview with the then CEO of ASML...ever since then I have become more interested on the subject of microchips as a whole. Thank you so much for this video, I don't think I'll ever completely understand all about the fabrication processes but for sure I'll continue looking at great videos like this one to grow in my understanding of the subject. A heartfelt thank you.

@maynardburger 26 дней назад

Particle physics are a big part of semiconductor research and understanding. Seriously, the amount of cross-expertise required for leading edge semiconductor manufacturing is insane.

@QNTM-_LUXXX 25 дней назад

Gosh this channel is nostalgic, this is like watching “How it’s made” as a kid again and be absorbed right into it learning the complex innards of our daily devices . Brings a whole new appreciation!

@ryanwaggoner5760 24 дня назад

Even the voice is almost the same

@chaseosburn3012 15 дней назад

I just want to give you guys a giant THANK YOU!!!

@DeidraDenDanto 10 дней назад

Outstanding video making semi manufacturing understandable and tangible. Thank you for the work you do and keep it coming!

@andreykrylov7155 23 дня назад

I wish I had these videos 20 years ago)) How lucky the current generation of engineers-to-be are! This is pure gold. For free.

@Ryuko15 21 день назад

I am an aspiring engineer, at i have so much respect for you all

@DhairyaKasundra 26 дней назад

As a retired assistant manager in the tsmc chip building facility, I can confirm everything said here in this video is accurate and the animation is top notch, it really helps the next generation to learn things. P.s. which animation software do you use

@deepak_nigwal 25 дней назад

i think they mentioned it in one of their previous videos long time ago, Blender...

@MattReadReview 11 дней назад

Thanks for your time. Great video!

@VizionThePlay 11 дней назад

This is the best channel on yt hands down, amazing video

@robby091000 28 дней назад

This channel has the more detail CORRECT and visually appealing explanation to questions that dont have a straight forward answer, and you guys make and amazing job at making everything digestivel.

@NFLCommentary 28 дней назад

Branch Education is by far, one of the best technology channels in RU-vid. The complexity, depth and quality of their videos are simply remarkable. I don’t remember how I found it but I’m very glad I did. I will share it as much as can.

@darintuttle9685 7 дней назад

Fantastic video! The breakdown of the semiconductor fabrication process was incredibly clear and informative. I watched until the very end. Thank you.

@cloney7137 7 дней назад

The best video on this topic I´ve ever seen! Well done.

@jes7171 28 дней назад

“8 football fields” ah yes the most reputable American measurement

@BranchEducation 28 дней назад

Haha, it almost should be a unit of measure. like 8ff.

@snowiethetoolguy 23 дня назад

Amusingly that game is played mostly with there hands...

@christophermullins7163 23 дня назад

@@snowiethetoolguyno way lol

@Trve_Kvlt 23 дня назад

@snowiethetoolguy American football is a development from rugby, whose full name is rugby football. American football just retained the name as it's rules developed from rugby.

@Marmalard 22 дня назад

How many Olympic sized swimming pools is that?

@SalcidioSal-gg3pr 28 дней назад

This team deserves a " graphics explanation Nobel "Great job and thank you for the effort doing this video for us .

@romeoburgess9317 3 дня назад

Im grateful for this video, i feel like something so complex to me just 28 minutes ago is way more understandable, but still amazing, Thank you so much!

@hankgold1455 7 дней назад

I'm just blown away... This is amazing-- Thank you so much for making this video--- Keep up this great work!!

@CreamyCornCob 28 дней назад

Theres a hundred of these "how things are made" on YT. NONE LIKE THESE. What a joy, simply perfect. GPU is a great one too.

@Arnaz87 27 дней назад

Branch Engineering, you're one of the most valuable channels on RU-vid. All the love you're getting from your public is well deserved!

@mikechiodetti4482 12 дней назад

Thank you for this video. I'm not in the electronics manufacturing or testing fields, so for me this video is to see "How it's made" and "How it works." Absolutely Amazing are two words that give this video a Great Start!