How Cold Are Moon Shadows, Why Are Dark Matter Halos Spherical, War For The Moon | Q&A 251 

BOTH science and religion struggle with this delineation.

@richardloewen7177 nope. The scientific method and publishing papers with peer review is a way to really get to the truth of an hypothesis by ppl trying to disprove it for money. In. Fact, the ability to be disproved must be in the theory or it isnt science. ....religion has no self correcting function and in fact it stubbornly believes it is immune from change as God and its qualities are unchangeable and so it will be discarded as it isn't useful in the pursuit of information or making predictions with models.

​@@richardloewen7177 Not equally.

Wrong again. Christian's who are scientists freely admit to things we dont know. It is those who insist that 'Climate change is a fact, fact, fact' that are lying to everyone including themselves.

Saying “we don’t know” to what is dark matter is wrong, and lends credence to ignorance. Dark matter is an observed phenomenon, using the known laws of gravitation we see variability in how stars orbit in galaxies. If you simply had one set of physical laws then that is not possible unless there is something unseen. Further, light is also bent in a variable way for the same visible mass as if something is there so it’s also not just getting gravity wrong or imagination. Also the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background is consistent with dark matter. Saying we don’t know is lying because we know many things about it already. It is a very real and observable phenomenon.

Dont underestimate the greed of people or the power of fear. It can make nations do irrational things. The fact that it makes you laugh, imo is arrogant and dismissive of legitimate threats.

When I state my opinion, I preface the statement with "In my opinion" Often, people agree with me, but, it's so much more fun when it leads to a respectful debate.

that´s not what he said, and that´s not what he is.

Keep up the good work!

I prefer emperor, but I couldn't find any stock footage clips fast enough to justify the joke, so instead they were gentoo penguins I believe.

The Dunning Kruger effect is when they don't know and think they do know everything. It's relative to competence, not knowledge. When calling out the Dunning Kruger effect, it's best not to be an example of it.

Zing.

@@JamesCairney It seems there might be a bit of confusion about the Dunning-Kruger effect. While it's commonly associated with competence, it's more accurately about the knowledge or understanding of one's own competence. The effect describes how individuals with lower competence tend to overestimate their abilities, while those with higher competence may underestimate theirs. This is because individuals with less competence may lack the knowledge or insight to accurately assess their own skills. So, when someone says, "I know less than I thought I did," it could indeed be an acknowledgment of the Dunning-Kruger effect if they had previously overestimated their competence. Recognizing one's limitations and gaps in knowledge is an essential step toward improving skills and expertise. The essence of the Dunning-Kruger effect lies in the discrepancy between actual competence and perceived competence, which is influenced by an individual's knowledge and understanding of their abilities. Therefore, it's accurate to say that the effect is about the knowledge of competence, rather than just competence itself.

@@JamesCairney It seems there might be a bit of confusion about the Dunning-Kruger effect. While it's commonly associated with competence, it's more accurately about the knowledge or understanding of one's own competence. The effect describes how individuals with lower competence tend to overestimate their abilities, while those with higher competence may underestimate theirs. This is because individuals with less competence may lack the knowledge or insight to accurately assess their own skills. So, when someone says, "I know less than I thought I did," it could indeed be an acknowledgment of the Dunning-Kruger effect if they had previously overestimated their competence. Recognizing one's limitations and gaps in knowledge is an essential step toward improving skills and expertise. The essence of the Dunning-Kruger effect lies in the discrepancy between actual competence and perceived competence, which is influenced by an individual's knowledge and understanding of their abilities. Therefore, it's accurate to say that the effect is about the knowledge of competence, rather than just competence itself.

@@JamesCairney you're wrong. it is about knowledge orf competence. when calling out the dunning kruger effect it is best to not be an example of it. lol

philosophy, I see you masquerading as science....

Yeah, it's a questions factory.

There is no evidence that anything happens, but the honest answer is still "I don't know."

@@frasercain There's very good evidence, from the millions of dead humans, mammals, life forms .... Electrical and mechanical activity ceases. Is there other activity we're aware of? Not scientifically. If the answer is still "we don't know" - if there's some special non-measurable component solely the property of... Homo sapiens? Homo rectus? Hominidae? Primates? Mammals? ... Then we may as well say there could be unknown and unobservable components to everything. It's a useless discussion at that point.

Happy to have differing opinions though! ❤ (Seems like my reply was sent to /dev/null, perhaps because I used words yt thinks means something else. No problem!)

Saying "We don't know" to whether there is other life in the universe is tremendously different then saying we don't know what happens after death, despite that there is the same evidence (none) for each. And I mean scientifically speaking, without venturing into philosophy or religion. It's a very important point though I admit not having a supporting explanation concise enough for a comment. To be trite "all lack of evidence in not equivalent".

It was a very noticeable change to Fraser's interview lineup :)

Objectively false. Strawberry Ice Cream goes hard.

@@JKKoneofakind 😅

Cardi late to the party, Cat Stevens has been running from them for decades

flagged

@@archmage_of_the_aether Sorry, but I'm not getting the joke?

@@pencilpauli9442 it's less funny if i explain

@@archmage_of_the_aether It sounds like you reported my comment Which is even less amusing! lol

Not a question just a hypothesis with no math or physics knowlege, just observations and trying to make connections that may not actually have any correspondence.

Don't forget pride in arrogance. You are absolutely right!

Note: Forgive me, this comment went from a hypothetical scenario for lunar war, into a whole pitch pertaining to the future of humankind. The logistics would be a nightmare, and the consequences so severe to Earth-bound investments, you'd expect outposts off-Earth would primarily stay out of any terrestrial conflict unless they wanted to be completely obliterated. That being said, there is a very distinct scenario I can see playing out in the near-long term that could bring serious war to the Moon and a few other astronomical bodies. Something we could begin today actually, we have the tech for it, there are just a few international treaties and a significant up-front cost to getting started that are in the way. Off-World Colonialism. Right now, gravity is our problem. The Moon, Mars, these are cool goals, and there's a ton we could do there, but long-term, inter-generational habitation is extremely difficult to accomplish, and not really a goal we should be having. Instead, we need to solve the gravity problem. Long term exposure to Zero-G is extremely harmful to the human body, vastly limiting how long our astronauts can be off-Earth. Rotating habitats are a potential solution, and if we can get one running, a single experimental space-station as a proof-of-concept to test the short-term and long-term effects of centrifugal force as a substitute for gravity. In theory, a rotating habitat can extend the length of time an astronaut can be in space without serious consequences to their health. This means deep expeditions to places further out, such as Mars or Ceres becomes far more feasible. If all works well, we can move onto some more serious experiments regarding reproduction in substitute-gravity environment. If (Big if) large mammals can acclimate to environments inside rotating modules and reproduce safely, suddenly our options for the future of space expand infinitely. All the universe becomes open real estate, and the supply will vastly outweigh the demand for several tens of thousands of years, even if we got started right now. That begins the race for the Asteroid Belt. Within the belt, there are millions of asteroids big enough to use for rotating large habitats. Once governments and corporations of Earth realize this, a whole new kind of race is on. The moon used as a near-Earth staging ground, Mars and it's orbit used for resource extraction and mass production of goods required for stellar expansion, and Ceres as another resource extraction site (water, and such) that doubles as a central hub and staging ground for Asteroid Colonies. If stellar colonies like this become a crucial factor in some future war, striking strategic interests on the Moon, Mars, and even Ceres would be fairly crucial to the war efforts, at least in regards to off-world affairs. Unless facilities are buried deep underground, (and even then), they are likely to be obliterated in any exchanges. We won't be exporting man-to-trench warfare on the moon, rather, whatever the inevitable evolution of the current drone-warfare era we are seeing develop. No romantic person to person fighting, rather, outposts bombarded with strikes from absurd distances rolling d20s to see if their anti-weapons systems can hold out. I'm so sorry, this comment got out of hand.

I would prefer emperor but I couldn't find stock footage of emperor penguins fast enough, so went with gentoo.

that is part of the effect but there is more to it. I think collisions are important so that it collapses in to a single orbital plane rather than many.

It's at the Earth-Sun L2 point. webb.nasa.gov/content/about/orbit.html

Well now I feel like a jerk! Thanks for correcting me, fantastic video :)

Absolutely. Flybys are one thing, landings are something else entirely.

I think if people knew it was a rock, then they wouldn't be so interested.

Yeah, there are some cool ideas here on Earth that store heat in sand. I'll bet that would work perfectly well on the Moon.

Would work even better on the moon, because without any atmosphere, just wrapping a shiny tarp around a tank makes it a vacuum dewar.

So just do the space observation in space.

"Modern tech" doesn't change the laws of the universe. If you want to see what Hubble sees then you need a mirror the size of Hubble and and a focal length the size of Hubble.

Ahaha, thank you :D

No. In order to contract, in any dimension, there has to be a way to bleed away momentum. Dark matter lacks such a mechanism.

The first country that builds a payload launcher on the moon will make atomic weapons obsolete. and there are countries claiming parts of Antarctica.

I do like the parallel dark universes idea, but o think is ruled out. A dark 👽 would have to be sitting on a dark,planet, which would have gravity that we don’t see.

Not to mention that they would have to be placed in low earth orbit to even be able to transmit to the earth and thus would experience night and day just as down here.

I think one probe showed the upper surface has a high R value, so it would be less than a foot. And the temperature it stabilizes to depends on latitude.

@@LaserFur Considering how deep you need to dig in order to avoid high energy radiation the biggest problem might be how to keep any habitat cool. AC-units don't work in vacuum...

@@KarelGut-rs8mqa underground base would need liquid cooling to surface radiators. and that is one more reason to build at the poles since there the soil itself could be used by trenching in pipes.

I wonder if it's your field of view, more towards the horizon than over head?

Omuamua is no longer within our reach. It flew thru and left our system fast enough that there’s no way. Only tge Parker Solar Probe ever achieved speeds that would be needed to even get close to an interstellar object.

That's not true, in fact, solar sails can let you raise your orbit or lower it. You could fly a solar sail from Earth orbit down to Mercury, using solar radiation all the way. The sail is in orbit, going around the star, If you turn 45 degrees in one direction the solar pressure raises your orbit so you get farther away from the star. Turn 180 degrees from that and the solar pressure lowers your orbit so you get closer and closer to the star.c

I wonder how the scientists came to the assumption that Dark matter forms halos around galaxies. While they cannot observe dark matter.

I think they infer it from how visible matter interacts with its gravity.@@X3MgamePlays

They can observe the shape of the dark matter through gravitational lensing. The galaxy distorts light in a region around that's much larger than the galaxy itself.

@@frasercainThat makes a lot more sense. I also read the wikipedia on this. I don't see MOND explaning the observed gravitational lensing.