How did the Mongols Conquer China? 

This is the perfect example of how the enemy of your enemy isn't always your friend

Given how many decades it took them to take China who was right next to them vs how easy it took them to breeze through to Central Asia-Europe really showed how strong China was.

"Pride and excess bring disaster for man" - Xunzi

Genghis Khan united the mongol tribes to protect Mongolia from outside threats. But he ended up making the biggest land empire in history.

The Rise of the Mongol Empire is one of the greatest conquests in human history.

Love that you covered this topic and such other topics.

Absolutely magnificent. Please don't stop making these amazing content :)

If mongols failed in conquering Xixia then mongols would never have gained confidence to conquer other lands and therefore we wont have the largest continuous empire this huge

Success is nothing more than a few simple disciplines, practiced every day. Jim Rohn

When we said the Mongol had 100 thousand armies, they really do have a hundred thousand armies that can fight. They settle camps anywhere they like and hunt the wild animals when they want to eat. When you said that the Chinese had 400 thousand armies, 80% of them are administrative, food transporters and units that do not fight. They bring and transport their own food to war. So it is only about 100 thousand armies that cannot fight as well as the Mongols.

Thanks for this video!

lmao the chinese literally thought they could use the mongols to deal with their enemies and then just simply deal with the mongols later

The benefits of the Mongols conquering China are massive, they've got skilled Chinese engineers that can build siege weapon, gunpowder, large wealth and gained many talented/skillful people around China. Its like Britain when they finally conquered India, which played a big part in the empire

Actually, historic official documents showed the Song knew they should aid Jin instead of corporating with mongols but the Song people refused to do so after many years war. And who raised aidding Jin in the court were attacked by political opponents…which left Song no choice as Jin would be conquered by mongols anyway.

Nicely explained.

Nice going, Genghis! I bet that will last, a long time- *COLLAPSES*

Mongols had genius military leaders that was born from the harsh time that made them tough and hardy people.

Mongolia is a historical accident. In 100 years, three powerful nomadic empires have emerged in the grasslands of northern China. The Han people (Song) lost the Great Wall and cavalry (horse-producing area) in continuous wars with them. After the rise of Mongolia, the army that concentrated in Arabia, Central Asia, and Europe destroyed Song in the war of attrition. (One city was besieged for forty years before surrendering). This is unique among nomads.

It took great khans Genghis Khan, Ugodei Khan, Gayuk Khan , Mongke Khan and the last Kublai Khan (Nominal) various decades to conquer entire China using their military might. It shows how hard was to conquer China.

a really great topic to watch before using hui hui pao on song dynasty in Age of Empires 4

Exelent animation, thanks

A nicely informative video. Details pretty well how the Mongols were able to do what they did.

Note that Mongol swept through Asia to Europe in 10 years, yet at the time of Gengis Khan’s death, he could only conquer the smallest Kingdom of Xixia of China. The City of Xiang Yan stood in front of the Mongol seige for 10 years and the City of Diaoyu Shan was never captured. It was at Diaoyu Shan that Monge Khan was killed by the Song army. Mongolian conquest of China took more than seven decades of a deeply split country, and in nearly 50 years Mongols were fighting Song Dynasty. This illustrates the fact often neglected in Western history book: the East had been militarily more advanced than the West until the rise of the colonial empires. That was the reason why China defeated the Huns, and the Huns defeated Rome. And China conquered the Turks and the Turks defeated the Byzantines. But the table turned gradually in favor of the West since the 16th century, when different elements of the modern society was born in the West. In the end the modern society took over the Earth.

china did fall to mogolian eventually, but it took them 48 years to conquest. There were none a single country could hold on a resist against the mongolian that long, most of them fell within 2 months

you got to admire just how impressive the Mongol army was

The song Chinese fought well against the Mongols. Until the Mongols brought Trebuchet from the middle east to break their city walls at xiang yang. A major city on the Yangtze River.

Interesting fact: When Kublai Khan was about to conquer the Southern Song Dynasty (China),he became emperor of China.And changed the Mongol Empire into the Yuan Dynasty, China.China has successfully survived in this way

My heart breaks knowing how the little Song Emperor was thrown off the cliff to his death when the Mongols besieged their land... Much love to the Song Dynasty!

Mongols used Southern China against Northern China (Jurchens ) and when they succeeded they flip the script and used the North against the South. So basically the Chinese helped defeat each other. In fact during the wars , the Han Chinese banners who fought for the Mongols outnumbered the actual Mongols

it's crazy that the tiny Mongols were able to rule over such vast areas

Nice work totally but some mistakes: 1,the appearance of the king of Xia and JINN is wrong,the video showed the clothes and hairstyle of Qing dynasty,the last chinese dynasty. 2,the position of Xiangyang is wrong. 3,the last battle between Song and Mongol empire happened in Yashan ,not Yamen

The biggest part is a lots of Han army surrendered and joined Mongols troop. Mongols also used Chinese dynasty name YUAN (元) to be part of China.

Based on how weak Mongol is today, how brutal Mongol was when they conquered and slaughtered their enemies, and how well they are perceived by people 1000 years later. I have reached a conclusion. That is *end justify means, history only favour winners.*

2:08 I already knew about this and learned from this already. The key advantage why the Mongols conquer China was they were disunited. And the Mongols came at a perfect time when China wasn't as one. Also China wasn't very strong at this point. EDIT: China has defeated the Mongols before just look at the Han-Xiongnu War 漢匈戰爭 in 133 BC.

Nice Video ^_^

Im early yay love the videos and the lore learn more than i ever did in school

why did you choose those portraits for western xia and jurchen jin? those are qing pictures

8:00 Ah yes, Mongke

Nice 👍🏼

The exact video I was looking for. :)

8:36 Territory of Chaghatai khanate is wrong there, it was much bigger

Song : We have Mandate of Heaven Jin : We have a lot princess and bribes Xia : We have Xia Xia Xia... Mongols : Good, we have Chinese Engineers, European engineers, Specialists technologies. Advanced!! XIA XIAXIA first... Me : They did attack Xia Xia Xia LOL!!!

3:55 I guess that guy never heard of the concept of an existential threat 😂

I am interested in how Mongols conquer Lhasa and how/if they fight in such high altitude?

Yeah, only took mongols 45 years to conquer southern song with help of Chinese military adviser and scarification of one khan, who’s death stop its army march further into Europe.

Didn’t mentioned the fall of Dali in this video. Would be nice to include them too.

Wow! 😮

The Song's fear of their military wasn't unfounded. As this video stated, there was a real fear of rebellion and there was a huge number of chinese already defecting to the mongols which only fueled this paranoia.

Just like how Rome conquered Greece

And to think this can be traced to Western Xia's refusal to give the military aid to Genghis Khan when he was going to invade Central Asia. I wonder what will happened if they actually willing to become allies instead.

Next video should be about an island nation for #TeamSeas

The Mongols may not have ruled long, but they did rule over kings, queens, princes and princesses. The king of kings.

Divide and conquer. Classic.

2 bloods I love most Emperor Charlemagne and Genghis. 1 pinch of blood from them you become a emperor material. Although Babur got most of his domains from being the descendant of Amir Timur also his legit claim on India was to have Lahore which his ancestor Timur conquered, Babur got his real legitimancy from being the descendant of Genghis .

Happy Mongolic noises Sad Tungusic, Sinitic and Tangut noises

They have Huge balls

1.1. The Jin people were the female real people who lived in the Heilongjiang region, a fishing and herding civilization, and were a subordinate tribe of the Khitan (Liao) in the early days. These female real people were not from the Joseon region. Because today's Korea and Korea in fact belonged to the Three Korean tribes during the Tang Dynasty, they joined forces with the Tang Dynasty to fight against Goguryeo (the successor of Wei's Korea, a nation of local tribes and Yan exiles) eventually forming Silla, which is the ancestor of today's Koreans and Korean people. 2. Before the rise of the Mongols, it was the Turkic people, the enemies of the Tang Dynasty, who controlled the Mongolian plateau, but after Li Shimin, Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, wiped out the Eastern Turkic and Western Turkic peoples, a vacuum period arose in the nomadic plateau region. This land was successively contested by the Hui falcons, the Shatuo Turks, the Dang Xiang Qiang (also the ancestors of the Western Xia), and the Khitan. The final victors were the Khitan, who established the Liao Kingdom, but the Khitan, who already controlled northern China, did not want to return to nomadic areas. The Mongols emerged from this process, and Genghis Khan's great-grandfather, Hepbul Khan, united the various tribes and gave rise to the concept of the Mongols. Hebure Khan defeated the Khitan several times, but was forced to submit due to the huge power gap between the two sides. 3. AD1236-AD1242, the Mongols attacked the then many principalities of Rus' and defeated their allied forces. In AD1240-AD1241, this army led by Battuta, Speedy, Mongol, and Guiyu was divided into two groups and took amazing high speed maneuvers to surround and tempt the enemy deeper in the Battle of Legnica and the Battle of Tisza River to annihilate the main Hungarian and Polish armies. They also created false king's documents to deceive the nobles all over Hungary after attacking Hungary and occupying Pest and Bra. In AD1242, the Mongols invaded the Second Bulgarian Empire and Bulgaria became a vassal state of Mongolia. 4. Genghis Khan died before defeating the Southern Song Dynasty, and AD 1258, the Mongol Khan Mongol died in the Battle of Diaoyu Castle. In fact, the Mongols' fighting power was the most amazing in this period. The unique geography of Vietnam can also be seen here indeed while the battle of Ilkhanate against Mamluk, which represents the rapid decline of Mongol fighting power, took place in AD1281. It is important to mention here that the geography of the Vietnamese region and the strength of their resistance were equally impressive. AD 1257, AD 1284-AD 1288, the Mongol invasion of Vietnam, the Vietnamese Chen dynasty defeated the forces of the Yuan dynasty several times (this period saw a Mongol heir crisis after the death of Mongol, but at least nominally Kublai defeated the other contenders for the position of Mongol Khan, but except for The khanates outside Ilkhanate were not actually subservient. (At the same time he crowned himself Emperor of the Great Yuan.) . In war after war, the Yuan dynasty was surprised by the tenacity of Vietnam and began to increase its leverage. The Vietnamese Chen dynasty eventually became bitter at this endless invasion and was forced to choose to become a vassal state. The Mongols, on the other hand, turned their attention to Burma. 5. The Mongols are divided into many branches, the western Nai Mongols are Christian and followers of Nestorianism, while the eastern Muroves are descendants of the Xianbei people left over from the Han dynasty. The central and southern Mongols were under the command of Genghis Khan's Golden Family. The northern Mongols, on the other hand, were known to them as the Khalkha Mongols, and these northern Mongols were made up of tribes affiliated with the Mongols. This continues to this day, and since the secession of Mongolia from the Republic of China since World War II, their main population is the Khalkha Mongols. 6. We have to understand in any case that the rise of the Mongols in the 13th century was essentially a cataclysm. He was in no way inferior to the destruction of Arab civilization by the Turkic Ghulam, or to the destruction of Western Rome by the Huns and Goths and Vandals. Every civilization that resisted them should be proud of it.

Bro do a series continuing this…

Mongols were united. China was fragmented. Unity is true strength.

To be more accurate, the "Song" dynasty is considered the Han chinese state at the time, with the Jin dynasty being foreign invaders. So the video showed the conquest of people that were ancestors to manchurians, other northern central asian states and then "China" during the Song battles. The Song did not team up with mongolians to fight other Chinese states, they considered the Manchurians to be invaders and thought they would be able to gain more of their homeland back by teaming up with the Mongols, in which they did accomplish initially....

A glaring omission about the Mongols invading Europe and the Middle East first, acquiring engineers and technology from there to fight in China.

7:45 i read that in Oogway's voice lol

Basically the entire mongol army: bunch of dudes riding horses

As someone Who played total war medieval 2 i know why they were so formidable.

In short ! The Chinese assisted mongols conquer their own nation.

China's geographical location is relatively closed, and ancient Chinese believed that the world was composed of the Central Plains civilization world, northern nomadic peoples, southern tribes, and the distant West. Mongolia has played an important role in Chinese history and has always been a powerful opponent of the Central Plains dynasties

No mention of many details. Though Mongols brought all China under one control, which would be very useful for coming Chinese Dynasties. Same as Mughals have done in India, a near relatives of Mongols. Babar the founder of Mughal empire was direct descendent of Genghis Khan, numerous spelling of his name, western and Muslims , since they became Muslims, so spelling of name. The original story told & read of Mongols first penetration into China was very superhuman. The Mongols use to ride for 6 hours form their camping area to China , where they would shut gates of fortress on early warning system. It was estimated that Mongols who ride horses bear, meaning without any seat or other cushioning material. The Chinese has estimated that it would take in such condition of riding Mongols 6 hours to come to gates of fortress. The Mongols then did extra human fleet, they rode to their camps and return immediately back, thus riding continuously for 12 hours, and they took China with complete surprise . In all history, except for post modern, where fire power is winning factor, in past it was often poor, tough people , who organised and became much feared invaders as Mongols and Mughals & other numerous horseback militia did as Golden Hordes etc. The Crimean much feared Muslim Turk militia, which kept Crimean a vessel state of Ottoman Empire. .

It's crazy that such an old and massive civilisation was completely conquered by some nomads

Mongol was a great lesson that unification and unity among states could gain you support and freedom

Through bribing, presents, gifts, and receptors yeah

When you had so many children that 16 million people are related to you: *I am aware of the effect I have on human population*

Bunch of steppe nomads with bows and arrows took on nations which had 100 times their population, huge defensive cities, as well as early gunpowder weapons? The size of Mongols' balls! That feat was comparable to modern day Mongolia somehow defeating modern day Russia--impossibly amazing.

Is it know-logia or no-legia? I have heard it both ways now

Another observation is rarely any Chinese think Jin or Liao is China, but thinks Mongolian’s Yuan is. The fact is culturally and ethnically Jin and Liao is much more China than Yuan.

No mention of the siege technology they imported from Europe? The siege tach that allowed them to conquer the most heavily fortified Song Strongholds?

蒙哥died in battle of dianyucheng nowadays sichuan. Thats triggered fall of Mongol empire. If 蒙哥 didnt die, Europe will be swiped away.

How Mongols united Gobi steppe: Temujin exploited OngKhan of Keraits, his orth father's strength How Mongols defeated Jin main force at Yehuling: Jin troops didn't use their advantage in numbers, too dispersed, HuShahu ran with his reinforcement How XiLiao (Kara khitai) got annexed: Exploited internal conflict: Kuchalug overthrowal Why Tangut populations are mostly wiped out: XiXia concubine bit off Temujin's genital...jk, they failed to aid Mongol with reinforcement on their Western conquest & Temujin's benefactor: Heda'An was killed by XiXia border guards Why did Song's last stand fail? Chinese attacked by more surrendered Chinese

Sir, would you like to make video on Achaemenid Empire series after this Mongols Empire series, please Its my huge request...

Q in chinese pinyin is not pronounced /k/ . Its closer to ch in english word "church". So Qin dynasty is pronounced like Chin, not Kin

Love you from india 🇮🇳

Interesting

division weakens a nation unity strengthens a nation.

How mongol empire builded: Mongol: we going to raid wes- Turk: im in before u say it - Mongol empire established -

The Mongol empire probably is the largest empire in human history. No other empire has conquered so much land areas as the Mongols did. The closest to it probably is the Russian empire, which was also part of the Mongol empire in the thirteenth century.

Wow.

How about liao? Dynasty? U didnt mention liao ?

Land:exist Mongols: you know the rules and so do i

China had better tech, but Mongols had better warriors and strategy.

Divide and conquer is as classic political tactic from all places and time periods.

Europe was in a state where tens of thousands of people were one country before the arrival of the Mongols. The Mongols brought Eastern military and technological ideas and culture, leading to technological progress in Europe. There is no coincidence in history, and everything is the best arrangement.

Pov: your genghis khan speedruning asia to europe

Meanwhile Russia started growing at the mongols’expense

I think this bit of history is, as you say, quite simplified, but ok. The bigger lack, maybe covered elsewhere? is that you didn't explain how the Mongols, also a collection of various tribal groups, were unified in the first place. They had been suppressed by the various Chinese dynasties for a few hundred years before they were able to effectively unite. This might be a good story as well. Further, how the FALL of this empire happened is another good story.

States then can field hundreds of thousands of soldiers because of mandatory conscription and abject poverty. People were so poor that being in the army meant eating at least twice or thrice a day; so it doesn't take much coaxing to enlist men into the army. Although irregular, soldiers were also paid meager salaries and a share in the spoils.

The Southern Song dynasty single-handedly halted the Mongols for over 40 years, outlasting any other kingdoms and empires that the Mongol tried to invade.

Mongols invasion of Jin and Song is like the Eastern Version of Arab invasion of war torn Sassanid and Byzantium

By horse.

mmm good video

*Take notes*

How Chinese cover Mongols conquering them "Mongols were Chinese"