How do black holes actually interact with matter? | Michelle Thaller 

The genius Dr. Thaller in one of the most difficult astrophysics topics you can find. Madam, you are endowed with a teaching talent at least as great as your scientific knowledge. Deeply grateful!

Cannot emphasize enough just how important this channel is. Thank you for making such incredible information both readily available, and digestible.

I love Dr. Thaller. I've watched her on "How The Universe Works" for nearly a decade.

I love the way she explain things. So clear and so easy to understand.

Thanks. Very interesting!

Hi Michelle. I have a question. Why does the neutron stars and stellar black holes not face the final parsec problem? Is it because of the distance smaller than the final parsec? Don't they eject out materials due to dynamical friction?

There is a good world science festival lecture on this. Forgot with whom but also warped passages by Lisa Randall is a good book with that. I find the nature of Gods design so compelling I love science!!

I suggest an amended Holographic Principle. A dual inverse pair of principles! An Invisible/Holographic Principle! A duality within a duality! Dual-horizons. The Holographic Principle works well in our own universe, but what's beyond the cosmic horizon? We need a more encompassing Invisible/Holographic Principle of the Multiverse!

What if there is an information field? Not the information we get at the speed of light, but a field behind the scene that seems instant to us.

I like the comparison of information to energy. Examples given of information of atoms: angular momentum, charge, mass, and all sorts of little bits of information (kinda circular reference here). At the quantum level there are different amounts of energy; there are different probabilities. Information in some ways is a form of energy. The definition of information is pretty vague. I would think that it deserves a better definition. Also, is some ways information is a form of energy. Please give me one example where information is not a form of energy. I think if terms are better defined we will see an information energy equivalence.

Alright, stars of 2-3 solar masses seem to be the baseline for a black hole to manifest cosmically. Is it possible to coax a black hole into maintaining and manifesting for long enough in the hadron collider? Just start feeding it little incremental bits of steel maybe...

⭐️ ⭐️ ⭐️ ⭐️ ⭐️

Hello. So.. the idea is instead of the event horizon being represented like a record. With a record player. Perhaps all the black holes and white holes are projecting that light. And recycling it to actually create the visuals we are experiencing... I'm just saying. Check the maths... Good luck.

This information might not be lost, but an outside observer could take exceedingly long periods of time to extract that information as the only photons left carrying that information lose intensity and are stretched by spacetime warping?

I can't stop thinking about quantum gravity, ads cft correspondence, quantum field theory, quantum mechanics, cosmology, chemistry, abiogenisis, genetics, natural selection, biology, psychology, consciousness

2:33 She said "planet" Pluto. What does that mean?

Came to say that we know absolutely nothing aboht black holes and we should stop theorizing about it so we can pretend to know. It’s kinda scary if you think about it. “Just believe everything I say because you can’t prove it otherwise, even though there is 0 evidence to prove me correct”

I didn't know Mariel Hemingway was moonlighting as a physicist.

My theory Is that black holes Will eat each other until everything Is compressed and start a new big bang out of " nowhere"

Physical world is not solid ? But a projection all the Hindu scriptures knew all of this but I’m still in awe of how the physics will reconcile with the spiritual teachings we’re coming to a beautiful conclusion as a species for once !

Maybe it's not that matter and energy are unable to escape a black hole; maybe that's where they go to escape this universe.

How can you make energy from mass? Is it possible to annihilate mass to produce energy?

Makes me miss Orbital Path!

Spacetime is like a mirror. A 3 way mirror.

We have Cloud storage now we have Black Hole 🕳 storage. Secure Black Hole storage for all your file .It's nice to know that I will exist forever 🎉

The map is not the territory. The description of the thing is not the thing. Information is not the Universe. In these theories I miss the distinction between reality as it 'is' and the internal representation we make in our minds; our model of reality. I have the idea these two get confused or conflated all the time. Maybe the new physics is one where we don't do that?

from the POV of anything outside a black hole time slows to a stop at the event horizon. That means for anything well away from the black hole nothing ever happens inside the black hole, or has ever happened, and nothing will ever cross the event horizon. That means that a black hole can never grow - the size of the event horizon depends on the mass inside. So how can black holes be different in size? Could it be we have misunderstood the way they were formed?

Before the Big Bang whatever was there was no Third Dimension. My Analogy is that when the Big Bang happened if slowed down would look like a slowed down video of an explosion where you see most of it accelerating out only slowed down by the resistance of our atmosphere and gravity which didn't exist at the Big Bang. But collisions happened with whatever contained the explosion in the first place. This was enough to form the 3-D Universe we live in now which is the slowed down matter of the original WHATEVER Dimension we came from. Dark Matter, Black Holes all the things we can't see or see into are the original faster than light universe that existed prior to the big bang. And Black Holes are an attempt by the Original source of everything trying to recapture our 3-D Universe back to where it belongs.

A.I. will figure it all out in 2034

sounds like a computer simulation to me 😅

There is only one way how knowledge can be made TANGIBLE: GET RID OF WAVE PARTICLE DUALITY by associating all abstract words, especially the DIGITS we imagine when we calculate (NUMBER not NUMERAL), with PLANTS ~ the only entity from which we derive all the MATTER (food and oxygen) that compose all our thoughts. We can only do this if we imagine all of them (the 10 digits: 0 to 9) to be unique particles associable with unique type of plants from which we eat: RICE, CABBAGE, WHEAT, MAIZE, etc. One for each digit uniquely fixed. We must then substitute the abstract words (for example: one, eins, один for the digit "1" in English, German, Russian accordingly) with the single word RICE (not translatable anymore ~ just like the Indo-arabic numerals are used by all at present). If we fix ten plants to substitute the ten digits and associate also unique type of particles, say ten quanta of light (as the smallest of them all) of ten different sizes (instead of wavelengths, as "waves" are totally excluded from the concept of fundamental entities), then we can integrate arithmetic and all languages as branches of GEOPHYSICS that enable describing development of plants from soil and subsequent growth of food on them as well as release of oxygen from them as functions of particle interactions inside the earth, to then trace the real plant from which the food we ate and the air we inhaled (which enabled the calculation) originated. As the quanta of light that enable us to visualize the digits are unique particles, the meaning of 1 unit of MASS can now be related to C^2 = 300 000 × 300 000 = 90 000 000 000 particles that originated from any of the ten food plants and/or oxygen releaser plants each person fixed as corresponding to the ten digits. Which of the ten REALLY initiated my calculation could then be verified when I really trace the plant from which my food and/or oxygen came. Obviously the source plant for the same digit would be different for different persons depending on what one ate, the source plant of oxygen one inhaled, how one digested it and imagined the events that enabled relevant calculations. There are no complicated laboratory experiments and/or observations needed to PROVE accuracy of this if I can really influence RETRACEABLY the plant from which I received the food and/or inhaled the oxygen as results of that calculation itself.

Planet Pluto?

At t= 2:35 she called Phuto a planet. My oh my, she is going to start a war 😂

بابا این مستندای قدیمیه شما که خیلی هم عالیه هنوز داره همه جا پخش میشه تو دنیا👍🙏 ولی یک ایراد دارد و مردم عامی و بعضا تحصیلکرده فقط بخش شانسی به و جود اومدنشون رو از اونها میفهمند و نتیجه میگیرند 😂 نمیخوای جدیدش رو بسازی؟💚🙏

Allright, I'm going to like and subscribe you right now, because I DO want to hear what you say. I think you play a little fast and loose with some of your statements, however, you don't get six years to explain this all in a You Tube Video. However, at 3:20 you start talking about what Stephen Hawking says about what happens at the Event Horizon, but you use the example of virtual particles. As I understand the argument Hawking made (which I can't understand) had nothing to do with virtual particles. Physicists talk about Virtual particles because explaining Unruh radiation instead gets really complex. At the event horizon....which unruly framework do you use? Particle Physics? Relativity? A lot of hand waving goes on about these things being equivalent, except we can't make them so when we get to the chalkboard...so...we can't have an Einstein and eat it too, especially in this case. This IS the question, unlike Einstein we can't assume an equivalency principle we haven't earned. It might SEEM more convenient to invoke virtual particles because we have better evidence for it than Unruh radiation. In truth, we don't have anything solid on either one. What we have is an agreement that even if two physicists disagree on how "real" virtual particles are, they can agree on how USEFUL it is to talk about them. Much more useful than talking about Unruh Radiation. Do you see where I'm headed with this? ...because I can't. and I think that is the point. Also, at 7:40 we're talking about the "Firewall" as being a "sphere of information" at the event horizon because "time stops" due to the gravitational force (even though gravity is only a force as described by Newton, who himself expressed reservations about, and Einstein reframes as a topography, and the "force" isn't a force at all), and the thought is that the information should be there... Unless you are the inertial framework which is passing through this boundary. If you are the inertial framework passing through the event horizon, you can't tell where the boundary is. Likewise, all inertial frameworks outside the event horizon have no access to the information at the event horizon. Doesn't it seem silly that we invoke an equivalency principle between Unruh radiation and Virtual particles which we cannot demonstrate on the chalkboard, but ignore THIS equivalency principle in which one inertial framework cannot tell where the horizon is, and the other can't get information from it? This sounds suspiciously like the old relativity paradoxes which arise by confusing one's own inertial framework as being more legitimate than another's? These aren't criticisms. I genuinely am not following the logic on this.

ساسکیند یه چیزهایی رو درست فهمیده 👍👍

like this conversation.....put aside the theories of former minds such as Hawkings, Einstein and maybe we can "evolve" further in our quest to "understand" the universe

Information is not destroyed. Singularity is the result of an incomplete theory.

Area of space where it's curved and we can't "get out ".. See now can someone explain that to me. What does she mean by you can get out of it .

I think of it as a slipstream filter. it repels some things and consumes some things...which makes sense in terms of dark energy and dark matter. which could translate to one state being a foundation for another state, which is why the mass of the universe in terms of dark matter is undetected but is the engine drive for dark energy that can function without detection but through causation holds the total mass of universes dark matter...

This a repeat of what others have said 😢again

The world is flat . They were right all along 😅😂

Quantum information of human being hein 🤔 They don’t wanna say it straight that they wish to somehow find the dead people inside blackholes and bring them back to life 😂

🤔 "1 particle goes into the black hole and the other one escapes." Then how does the black hole lose energy? You said earlier that a black hole gains mass as things fall into it. Well, if a particle from one of these matter - anti matter pairs falls into it while the other doesn't, then the black hole gains mass by the amount of the mass of the particle that fell in. And if the pair originated outside the event horizon, aka in the universe, then it stands to reason that the universe lost mass to the black hole by the amount of the mass of the particle. If we want to equate mass with energy, then we can just as easily say that the universe lost energy to the black hole. And the equivalent statement that the black hole gained energy from the universe. Also, the energy/particle didn't come from nowhere. It came from the quantum fluctuations from the vacuum energy - just outside the event horizon. So, you're either not explaining this phenomenon correctly, or you smarties just got outsmarted by a dummy in the comment section without any degree whatsoever. 😁 Yeah, my jokes are terrible.

"The word 'hologram' in no way implies that somebody made it." Well. Somebody might have.

this is what we call being baffle by your own bullshit

I too got a new information from this video about her, she doesn't brush teeth regularly like me.

How does this information help the hungry, poor, and victims of oppression, injustice, tyranny, and war? Is there maybe a reason why many nowadays distrust, dislike, even despise science?

Yea be careful not to imply that "somebody" made the hologram. When the whole explanation has been full of guessing and "maybe". Well "maybe" you guys should stop the arrogance of excluding some theories over others based on your cultural liking.

boring