How do Digital and Analog Clocks Work?

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Have you ever wondered how a clock signal that ticks once every few nanoseconds is generated? A billion times a second clock would indeed be an impossible feat a hundred years ago. But, you'd be surprised to find that the clock inside your smartphone is rather identical to an analog wall clock that ticks through the seconds, minutes, and hours of the day. In this video, we explore an analog clock's gear train, the quartz crystal oscillator, the feedback loops for this oscillator, and then how a gigahertz signal is produced using a phase-locked loop.
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Table of Contents:
00:00 - Digital Clocks vs Analog Clocks
01:13 - The $10 Wall Clock
02:05 - Gears in the Geartrain
03:40 - Crystal Oscillator and Piezoelectric Effect
05:58 - Resonance Frequency
06:51 - Circuitry Inside a Wall Clock
08:13 - Fast and Slow Clocks
09:04 - Learning With Brilliant
10:40 - A Smartphone's Gigahertz Clock Signal
14:24 - Frequency Divider
15:04 - Thank You to Patreon & RU-vid Memberships
Erratum:
Animation: Eikonic Design
Research / Script: Teddy Tablante
Software Consultant: Andrea Ciani
/ @andrea_ciani
Modeling: Prakash Kakadiya
Voice Over: Phil Lee
Sound Design: www.drilu.mx
Sound Effects and Music Editor: Luis Huesca
Supervising Sound Editor and Mixer: Luis Huesca
Animation built using Blender 4.0.1 www.blender.org/
References:
Quartz Crystal Oscillators
www.electronics-tutorials.ws/...
Quartz tuning Fork Resonator Teardown
softsolder.com/2017/03/24/qua...
Teardown of a Quartz Crystal Oscillator and the Tiny IC Inside
www.righto.com/2021/02/teardo...
What is Piezoelectric Effect?
www.circuitbread.com/ee-faq/w...
Wikipedia contributors. "Crystal Oscillator". "Electronic Oscillator." "Phase Locked Loop." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, Visited December 21nd 2023
#Clocks #PiezoelectricEffect #Digital

Опубликовано:

14 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 676

@user-hn3xy5ft4q 4 месяца назад

I never thought that the working of a simple clock would be so complicated. It seriously makes me wonder how many things I take for granted.

@nathanieljames7462 4 месяца назад

There is nothing in this life that can't be further explored to great satisfaction if you're a permanent student at heart.

@justinsemple7454 4 месяца назад

Think about how unobtainable clocks have been throughout human history. We used to make clock towers because no one could individually own a clock. Grandfather clocks where once seen as miraculously small and compact. There was a period of time when people with pocket watches got paid to wake up people for work because no one else had a clock. It was a dangerous job because you could get mugged for your pocket watch if people realized you where carrying one. In retrospect it's kinda insane that we have extremely accurate clocks on so many electronics.

@nathanieljames7462 4 месяца назад

@@justinsemple7454 It always blows my mind to think of how astonishing a grandfather clock is and how combersome and clumsy it is compared to the amazing pocketwatch which is so bulky and inaccurate compared to the brilliance of a modern wrist watch which is nowhere near as precise as the Cesium-133 clocks nearly every device on Earth is miraculously syncronized with. These things fire me up for life and get me so hyped for our future! Against the odds of our self-limiting systems human are ever increasingly amazing and we're only getting started!

@Armetron 4 месяца назад

Something that I occasionally think about is if one day we lose everything, how long would it be until we can reach our current state?

@benjammin9745 4 месяца назад

Everything is such if you are willing to dive deep enough.

@VagnerGon 4 месяца назад

The animation and production quality increased a lot! Amazing work, as usual

@jb_labs 4 месяца назад

I love this channel. Usually, channels will just leave it at "it's complicated but let's assume it works". The fact that the team takes the time to explain everything and have wonderful visuals along side it is so refreshing and much more useful. Thank you Branch Education!

@BranchEducation 4 месяца назад

Wow, thank you!

@DavidEzequielPerez Месяц назад

Absolutely agree! ❤🎉

@a6hiji7 24 дня назад

This channel could be quite inspiring for young adluts to learn more about engineering. I wish I had such material in my early childhood, was always intimidated by machinery yet secretly interested in them.

@ankanslittlemind 4 месяца назад

It feels illegal to watch such realistic graphics, subscription-worthy content for free

@theromanian8194 4 месяца назад

This channel has better production quality than Discovery, you guys set a new standard. Thanks for all the awesome content.

@ItamiPlaysGuitar 4 месяца назад

As an engineering student in electronics, this is one of the best content put. The design, sfx etc are so cool

@Relivino 4 месяца назад

You have no idea how important those kind of videos, explaining how electronics work are. This should be the most popular RU-vid channel. If that many people would enjoy watching you as much as they watch MrBeast, the world would be a much better place.

@ymaizosz 4 месяца назад

Yes. Isn't it sad to see the truth that there are less people whom want to learn compared to people whom want to just watch something funny/stupid to waste their time?

@Heroo01 4 месяца назад

@@ymaizosz you could not come off more pretentious if you tried. People derive enjoyment from different things. We should consider ourselves lucky that we have so much fun while learning.

@priyanshu9513 4 месяца назад

world would be a much better place. I doubt it.

@pafu015 4 месяца назад

@@Heroo01 Humans are innately interested in learning things, but that interest is destroyed by today's education system.

@avgredditmod 22 дня назад

Mr beast probably isnt the best example you could've used, but i get what you mean.

@azedinelyakoubi7887 4 месяца назад

This work is truly amazing! The quality and time put into this project is impressive, please keep up the amazing work !

@BlueCaboose42 4 месяца назад

The quality of this channel is truly rare on RU-vid. Yall are doing incredible work

@XDarkGreyX 4 месяца назад

I put my making of 3D models and animation on ice years ago, but this amount of detail makes me shiver. Sure, many productions today boast similar or more of it, yet the amazement stays. Recently found this channel. Great work.

@minecrabro 4 месяца назад

didn’t realize how complicated clocks were. very interesting

@hiryu6672 4 месяца назад

I appreciate the in depth reviews of technological marvels, I hope that this channel gains the support it needs to keep going.

@Heroo01 4 месяца назад

As a visual learner, this channel does a lot more in teaching me concepts than any other possibly could. This will be the gold standard of teaching some day. As of right now, I think it just takes so much effort and behind the scenes work to make these flow so nicely and demonstrate the principles so well that you guys may be the only ones truly pulling it off.

@syedhaadimansoor9022 4 месяца назад

Being an electrical engineer who spent hours understanding these concept via books and class lectures on white boards. I applaud you sir for breaking things down to such simplicity and easy to swallow portions. Honestly I am amazed how you made these concepts so digestible. Concept + design + real world example of the concept, this is not something everyone can do. Wow! Lots of love and respect! 🙇‍♂️ Keep up the amazing work! P.S. I am certain, if universities would teach the concepts in this manner, students would be able to not only understand concepts much better, they would be more skillful graduates than they currently are.

@severianradu 5 месяцев назад

The world around us is so complicated and amazing.

@ramziebreek6482 4 месяца назад

and mysterious

@besknighter 4 месяца назад

The motion graphics on this video were soooo gooood I'd love to see a breakdown of it. The 3D animation and Sound Design were on point too! Narration, script... Everything were so good!

@alexlowe2054 4 месяца назад

One of the best educational channels on RU-vid. Beautiful animations with just enough detail to understand the concepts, while moving fast enough that you can cover complex topics quickly. Giving all the keywords allows people to do their own more detailed research if they want to. Quick question: How does the time setting gear slip (3:20) without causing damage to the gear system? It looks like the minute gear is composed of two parts, which allows it to slip without damaging the gear, but it's not completely clear how the gears stay connected while still allowing them to slip. On another note, I've researched this topic before. Conceptually, I understand the feedback loop and signal multiplier, but I think I'm missing enough knowledge of electrical circuits to understand how to actually build and design one of these circuits myself. I guess I'll just be thankful that these types of circuits come in integrated packages so I don't ever need to design one myself.

@BranchEducation 4 месяца назад

Yeah- it's a really great question and while I don't have 100% the definitive answer, my theory is that it comes down to the difference of torque. When the electromagnet is driving, due to the heavy gear reduction, there's a lot more torque. This is similar to how when you drive a manual car in a lower gear, you have more torque for pulling heavy objects. Whereas if you're pulling something in a higher gear, you have less torque, and the wheels are more likely to slip (which is like driving the clock gears from the time setting gear).

@pratyushjayachandran 4 месяца назад

The adjustment wheel when turned causes one of the gears to slip up or down and go out of mesh with the rest of the gear train. I presume, it is to prevent driving the motor/magnet which turns the assembly at very high speeds. Since one swoop of adjustment wheel will translate to hundreds of rotations, that too within a fraction of second. It is a bit difficult explain but if you open one up you will understand why. You can feel the slack when you jiggle the adjustment wheel.

@mohamedaminebouneb9147 4 месяца назад

Wow ! The amount of knowledge you can get in 15 mins is impressive Keep it up with the amazing work 🚀

@electroboon 4 месяца назад

I'm amazed how much the quality has improved on this one. Lighting and animation are godly ❤

@sayansaha1952 4 месяца назад

Unbelievable visual representation of such intricate details. Excellent work done!

@portman8909 4 месяца назад

iPad has been my alarm clock for years, never failed once.

@abhiramreddy790 4 месяца назад

Id like to say you have my heart for crafting this extremely beautiful video. I found the video to be mindblowing in terms of details. Having never really appreciated engineering concepts, this is an eye opener to the greatness of human capability to create/invent. Kudos to the team for the effort into detail and keep it going hurray!

@VarunGupta3009 4 месяца назад

I'm grateful for the fact that you explained everything down to the smallest of details and so exhaustively. Just amazing!

@wilhelmbittrich88 4 месяца назад

It always amazes me how much intelligence, mathmatics, and micro-engineering goes into such simple things we don't even think about, things that to us "just work". Things that we can buy from a store for pocket change these days. Really does put things into perspective and makes you appreciate all the many people who figured all this stuff out.

4 месяца назад

More than 50 years teaching engineering and science and I do love your work. Thank you from Patagonia, Argentina.

@uberhobo2 4 месяца назад

Another terrific video. Hands down my favorite channel for effectively learning about science and engineering.

@hasancakir8932 4 месяца назад

What an incredible explenation of timing and oscilations with simple graphics. Amazing job!

@elejelly3986 4 месяца назад

Those videos are getting better and and better, it is amazing what this channel achieved

@D.Renera 4 месяца назад

This video is mind-blowing! I never knew how complex and fascinating the mechanism of a clock is. The way you explained the science, and the engineering behind it was so clear and engaging. You deserve millions of views and subscribers for this quality content. Thank you for sharing your knowledge and passion with us!

@martinfarfsing5995 5 дней назад

I am watching this video many times , thank you for the clarity .

@verlidesouza 4 месяца назад

I've been studying how computers work for a bit now, just this week I was looking at my process manager wondering how the computer regulated the clock speed, thanks for the amazing video! Really helped me understand how it works ( also the new graphics look amazing, keep up with the great work!)

@surajvkothari 4 месяца назад

The background soothing music and delightful sound effects are a wonderful subtle touch to what is a masterpiece educational video.

@jellyfishnexus3132 4 месяца назад

The quality of these animations is on another level. Keep up the good work!

@Dolcosy 4 месяца назад

The quality of your videos is getting better keep it up 👍

@rudranshjoshi8142 4 месяца назад

I love your work. The explanations are clear and concise , and the animations are the cherry on top

@fatihsonmez 4 месяца назад

The animation quality of this channel is just amazing!

@vivaldi42 4 месяца назад

Incredible video! You're sparking the curiousity in thousands of people around the world. I appreciate your job and am happy that this channel exists. Thank you very much!

@LolKillization 4 месяца назад

how much mathematcis and ingenious engineering is present in clocks is as unbelievable and incredible as the visuals you deliver in each of your videos. the explanations were also as always fantastic

@Feldsvendark 5 месяцев назад

Thank you for that awesome and incredible detailed video!

@envivomedia 4 месяца назад

Fascinating that such a simple device as a wall clock has such a technical operation. The quality of your animations is beyond anything I have seen on any education channel. It's absolutely incredible and unbelievable you're spending the time to create this. Thank you!

@mdtanvirahmedsagor6146 4 месяца назад

I really love the content. The production quality has increased a lot. All my electrical engineering knowledge and topics make sense right now. Happy to be a subscriber for this channel. Keep working. Love your videos.

@Awais.... 4 месяца назад

I love these videos, I learn much more than in my school

@DarmiGames 4 месяца назад

It's basically how minectaft redstone clocks work😂

@jimpicins 4 месяца назад

DAYUM that audio design, yall are brilliant

@Slayback2102 4 месяца назад

Its a great day when Branch Education uploads a new vid

@SubkhanSarif 4 месяца назад

The animation is amazing... it even has subsurf scattering in the gear... 😍

@JIFahad 4 месяца назад

This is the best RU-vid channel for understanding engineerings.

@littlekirby6 4 месяца назад

That phase locked loop portion was a great explainer. I'm an electrical engineer and I learned about feedback systems, but the PLL was never part of any of my courses. I've heard about it and seen diagrams, but never got a good explanation of how it magically multiplies frequencies and stays stable. The phase comparator portion still seems like a mystery to me though

@mahdimotamedi6812 Месяц назад

The best technology learning channel in youtube with no doubt. Good Job Branch Education!

@111111222223 4 месяца назад

While it's not the focus of the video, I do wonder what prevents the drive gear in the analog clock from spinning in the opposite direction. There needs to some sort of bias or it'd be basically random in which direction it turns. Is it simply the small offset to the electromagnet?

@SciMinute 3 месяца назад

Wow the caliber of content on this channel is truly exceptional and stands out on RU-vid. You’re doing incredible work!

@BenjaminJex 4 месяца назад

I knew that quartz crystals were how we kept time, but I didn’t realize that it’s really just a precise delaying mechanism, and that the core is an inverter logic loop. Neat! Thanks for filling in the details

@greensoup0407 4 месяца назад

Your animation and narration are absolutely amazing! Thank you so much for providing an exceptional learning experience 👍

@discoverymoi 4 месяца назад

It was always easy for me to understand the mechanic parts of a wall clock, it’s pretty much the same mechanism of a simple manual car gearbox but moving to the inviable and complicated electronic world is just a completo different story, but thanks again to BE for making understanding it so much easier, and I’m real king looking forward to starting my journey on brilliant.

@akhilvijay8670 4 месяца назад

Outstanding modeling. Appreciated

@Random_4400 4 месяца назад

Crazy to think that you guys went as far as to take the crystal apart just to show us how a simple clock works, I've never been successful in opening one without causing destruction to it & i don't even want to ask how you managed to remove the epoxy bloob from the main control IC haha, great animation and explanation!

@BranchEducation 4 месяца назад

Haha- well ya didn't see the teardown we did which wasn't as flawless as you think it is. Luckily we knew what the objects should look like, so modeling it later wasn't that hard.

@jackcarver8909 4 месяца назад

The animation quality is absolutely next level! Can you make a tutorial?

@QuestanableClue 4 месяца назад

Amazing work, it is actually unbelievable that I am getting this quality content for free, from my childhood I always wondered how humans were able to create machines that can do billions of tasks per second, because of you guys I am able to know it so well, hats off to you. I hope you will keep creating amazing content on computers in the future.

@JeevanKoshyJKK 4 месяца назад

Next level explanations. Creator should get a noble prize

@chetankutte6686 4 месяца назад

Excellent and incredible presentation covering all the technical details!!

@tslaton 4 месяца назад

Please keep these videos coming, they really make my day better when I watch them.

@JaySmith91 4 месяца назад

Fantastic script and animations throughout!

@vycudilikova1 Месяц назад

This is the best video explanation I’ve ever seen. Beautiful work

@alexanderx33 Месяц назад

I absolutely love that, when any other expainer would skip details, this channel does not. It kind of intersperces stuff you know you understand in between the stuff your confused about/learning.

@one.tap.-2667 4 месяца назад

As a Electrican i need to say thats a Realy good Video!!!

@EvoPortal 4 месяца назад

Just posting a comment to support the amazing work of this channel. Please keep these amazing video coming.

@BranchEducation 4 месяца назад

Thank you! Will do!

@deepakagarwal1990 3 месяца назад

Beautifully explained!! The detailed of the animation is just too good

@Nolan641 4 месяца назад

This video is so amazing.... Good script. Amazing visuals...

@amrkoptan4041 4 месяца назад

That is the most interesting yet professional illustration i have ever seen !!! thanks a lot, waiting for more videos

@mohmedazam2913 4 месяца назад

the graphics and 3d animations in this video are incredible , thanks alot

@e.sanoop110 4 месяца назад

Great video. In old Nokia Symbian phones, the alarms would work even when the phone is turned off but alarms on today's Android phones doesnt work if the phone is switched off, why is that so and can Google and Smartphones manufacturers resolve this problem?

@theskrript_ 4 месяца назад

Astonishing video with remarkable quality! Good job and thanks so much for the content!

@ameri7260 4 месяца назад

I'm addicted to those videos, thank you again 🙏

@oisiaa 4 месяца назад

This is my favorite RU-vid channel! Mind blown with every video.

@HSolDCS 4 месяца назад

Amazing animation and explanation 🤩

@jamesh318 4 месяца назад

Excellent video, best basic explanation of these concepts I’ve ever seen.

@Perfectlove10 4 месяца назад

its top notch,the quality, explaination ,undersstanding

@bluesky_oo73 2 месяца назад

That was the best video explaining the working of a clock on the whole internet. As a student preparing for my entrance exam for my dream university your content might not be that useful for me, but it sure intrigues me a lot and I fell in love with engineering even before I enrolled into it, just because of these thoroughly visualized 4k Audio visuals explaining the basic ideas behind the complex machines. I truly admire your work, keep making many such videos 😊😊

@skelenton92 4 месяца назад

Pretty amazing to be able to watch something of this quality for free!

@omarsharod 2 месяца назад

I appreciate these videos immensely

@LarsGottschalk 4 месяца назад

Amazing video. I would really like to know how Timecode generator (like tentacle or deity TC-1) are able to be way more precise then all others digital clocks, like the one inside a camera.

@jaymayhoi 4 месяца назад

the animations are simply crazy good!

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This channel is nothing short of amazing.

@lvciferkaminski 4 месяца назад

The sound design ♡ Immaculate explanations and stunning visual demo

@emmanuelsanayodeji3142 4 месяца назад

I love getting my knowledge in technology being stimulated in this channel. Great job guys!

@mouadgamer5020 21 день назад

knowledge is so fun when you can visualize it, thank you guys so much

@h3xl4 22 дня назад

It’s crazy how complex even just one part of modern electronic devices can be. It really makes you appreciate the complex network of companies, engineers, researchers, and supply chains that make out modern world possible.

@ScimitarGaming 4 месяца назад

Your quality of animation is literally better than most latest video games out there, Totally MIndblowing. The little details which make your video much more easy to understand and appealing is amazing. It's so good to have someone like you on youtube. Thank you

@ofCross 4 месяца назад

Just... WOW!!! Not just the explanations but de visuals and the sound!

@user-jm5lw7sl4f 4 месяца назад

I love your videos ❤! I could imagine the efforts you put together to make these videos to understand the technicalities and fundamentals of a topic very easily. I learnt alot from your various videos - Thank you! Have been sharing your videos with my friends too!

@MrLazini 4 месяца назад

Stunning work !

@MarbleMeIody 4 месяца назад

Amazing video! We learned a lot of things, but please, next time, render it in 4K or 1440p. I know it's time-consuming with cycles, but trust me, it's worth it!

@stealthbombing_991 4 месяца назад

Why do you need to watch this in 4K ? 90% of people watching are on their phone

@MarbleMeIody 4 месяца назад

@@stealthbombing_991 this is likely due to the fact that 4K resolution is now a standard feature on the majority of recent smartphones, unless, of course, you happen to own a Samsung 100$ or less

@PaulmichaelContreras 4 месяца назад

@ephoricDev 4K playback is definitely a thing, however physical 4K resolution on phones is still relatively rare to see outside of Sony phones and a few others. Reason being, the pixels are much too small at lesser resolutions, and our eyes cannot distinguish a difference - Apple popularized this phenomenon with their "Retina" display marketing. The battery drain from running a 4k display is not worth it, especially considering the increased resolution is wasted. Still, a good reason to upload/render in 4k would be for those watching on 4k TVs/monitors, where the difference can be seen by our eyes, and this would have the added benefit to let smaller displays on phones and tablets use supersampling to sharpen up the visuals.

@MarbleMeIody 4 месяца назад

@@PaulmichaelContreras RU-vid utilizes a sophisticated compression algorithm for videos. However, in 1080p resolution, some optimized pixels may be noticeable, leading to a less precise display. This is why the label "1080p" may not accurately represent the video quality, and uploading in 4K is recommended for a superior viewing experience and less pixels. Consequently, even if your computer has a 1080p screen, you can discern a significant difference between a 1080p video and a 4K video ON RU-vid.

@MoritzWeller 3 месяца назад

The work you guys do with this channel is amazing. You hit a perfect balance in educating on complex levels, but having such a good narration and visualization at the same time that you shouldn‘t „lose“ most viewers in the process. Instant Sub! 🥰

@ayoubachak2154 4 месяца назад

I discovered you channel years ago, and even though I follow so many informational channels on youtube, this is literally the best channel I have ever subscribed to on youtube. Thank you so much for you efforts.