FYI, Ruby and Sapphire are both crystalline forms of the same chemical, Aluminum Oxide. Ruby gains its red color from chromium impurities. So the girls' names Ruby and Sapphire mean essentially the same thing, with different colors associated with them, namely red and blue. Emerald is a green form of Beryl. So Esmeralda and Beryl, both girls names, are essentially the same thing, but like ruby and sapphire, also have different colors associated with them, namely green and a more pale greenish bluish yellow gold.
All sapphires = Corrundum (AlO2), with the exception of Red Sapphire being called Ruby, and only the Blue variant referred to as simply Sapphire. All others referred to as (color) Sapphires. Rare orange/yellow dichroic variant from India Padparadscha sometimes, but usually Pad Sapphire. Natural pure color is clear with chemical impurities for color i.e. Chromium - Red, Titanium - Blue, Iron - yellow, blue, brown, black, etc, All colors but green occurring naturally.
I always thought my families birthstones were a funny coincidence. My dad’s favorite color is blue and his stone is sapphire. My mom’s favorite color is purple and her stone is amethyst. However, while my favorite color it turquoise and my brother’s is orange, I was born in November and he was born in December, so they are the opposite.
Garnet is often found as individual little crystals or clusters in a quartzite matrix. These deposits resemble scattered pomegranate seeds both in size and general shape, and colour. Diamond is extremely hard, but not tough. These are different properties, and the same atomic structure that makes diamond so hard also makes it not that tough. The modern list of birthstones makes changes not only to give each month a translucent stone, but also because some of the traditional stones (especially opal, turquoise, and pearl) are too soft and/or have other properties that make them ill suited for rings.
The reason for that is its structure. Diamonds contain of carbon (similar to graphit) and this atoms have bonds to four other carbon-atoms. But diamonds can sometimes have colors. The reason for this are atoms of other elements, which are trapped in it. Diamonds are the only things, which can cut glass. And only one acid can dissolve glass (hydoflouric acid).
Side note: Garnet comes from the pomegranade, but that is also the etymology for grenade, as in a small explosive device intended for use as a weapon. (Source: Wikipedia) I had to check, but I presumed it since the world "granat" in my native Swedish describes both the gem and the weapon. Which confused me as a kid.
Interesting. As someone born in June, I’ve always heard pearl (and sometimes moonstone?), and my sibling from October has always heard opal, which would suggest the traditional set in our area, the western US.
@@kets4443 not sure, I’ve just heard petal being in the US. But maybe that gemstone society is more prevalent where name explain lives, which is also the UK. In the gemstone society’s chart that would be alexandrite
Small nitpick, but Alexander II was not a king but an emperor. His title, imperator, was specifically meant to clear up the confusion around whether the title of Czar was equivalent to emperor or king, though given that Czar is derived from Caesar & in its original form meant “junior emperor or Rome” it’s pretty clear that even earlier Russian rulers were emperors, Alexander was undoubtedly not a king.
@@Mrs._Fenc The difference is huge. An emperor is a higher title, it's like the difference between a king and a sovereign prince (a monarch of lower status than a king). Traditionally, and in the case of Russia, emperor means "successor of Rome", though emperor can also mean "equivalent to Roman emperor in another region" (as is the case with the East Asian title Son of Heaven or the Persian King of Kings). Other countries whose emperors used the title as "successor of Rome" were Eastern Rome, the Franks, the Holy Roman Empire (medieval & early modern Germany), the Latin Empire (Crusader state), Serbia (in the middle ages for a bit), the Ottomans, Napoleonic France, and Austria. Of course, later rulers used the title more liberally, as the German emperor was not claiming to be the successor to Rome but it did derive from the Holy Roman Emperors in a sense. Germany having been ruled by emperors the last time they were united (as the HRE) meant that when the smaller German states began working towards unification, they saw fit to give the ruler of a united Germany the same title. It was also important as it meant those kings under the emperor could still remain kings, obviously a king under a king is a diplomatically awkward situation. The British took the title "emperor of India" because they considered their rule in India equivalent to that of the preceding Mughal dynasty, who were considered emperors in the "locally equivalent to Rome" by the Europeans & the rest of the world, but they mainly did it to gain prestige as all the other great powers at the time were empires (Germany, France, Russia & Austria). This looser use of the title partly came from the fact that Napoleon had been a "popular emperor", declared emperor on the basis of the will of the people, not by the grace if God, so the older European monarchies saw the title as having been debased somewhat. Titles that mean high king or king of kings are also frequently translated as Emperor because they are higher than king.
I 100% agree, BUT I’ve given up correcting people about Imperator, Caesar, King and so forth. Ruler=King in most peoples heads and I’d rather not confuse people who don’t know the difference by insisting on the correct title. But yeah, Emperor Alexander.
@@Mrs._Fenc In Europe before Napoleon, the title of Emperor indicated a monarchy's claim to be the successor of the Roman Empire. After Napoleon crowned himself Emperor of the French and set the precedent for other monarchies, the title took on the "King of Kings" or "High King" meaning, and the most powerful monarchies of the time established imperial titles for themselves. Europeans also recognized non-European monarchs as emperors if they considered them equal to Rome. It was the case with China, East Asian countries that claimed to be equal to China (e.g. Japan), Persia, and India.
Some pointless gemstone fun: Sapphires actually come in a variety of colors, non-blue, non-red ones are called fancy sapphires. Rubies and Sapphires are actually the same mineral, corundum. Spinel for a long time was confused with rubies. The Timur ruby is actually a spinel. :)
There are two minerals called Bloodstone, however. The one you mentioned as well as hematite (or iron ore). Hematite have this trait of "bleeding" red when put into water.
Hematite - Hemo - Blood. Polished microparticulate Ferrous Oxide Fe2O3 can rust from and within the stone, appearing to bleed out when exposed to water Fe2O3•32H2O. Also why wearing a ring made of hematite can leave a brown/red stain on your skin. Superstition says the stain is bad luck or toxins leaving your body, and the ring will break when it has absorbed enough bad energy, but it's actually the stone absorbing water from your skin, and becoming weak from corrosion and rust buildup.
So I guess the name Esmeralda also comes from smaragdos? How fun! Another fun fact: the German word for emerald is Smaragd! Edit: Now I know where Captain Adama got his name too! 😊
I've always hated having pearl as a "gemstone" because it is not really a gem. And now I have another reason to dislike it because of lacking etymology.
But the Greek word for pearl is the origin of the name Margaret, which he already covered extensively recently. The gem exists independent of language, so you can look for good name origins in any language you like.
I was always told mine was Ruby, in January. Which I was always a little miffed by. Now I find out it’s Garnet, which I like much better! I wonder if that’s just because they’re both red.
Watching this as a fan of steven universe is a weird experience Also, you've probably gotten a million comments about it, but "Peridot" is pronounced with a hard T, like in the actual word "dot." And Lazuli is pronounced "læ-zuh-lee." (æ sounds like the 'a' in words like 'apple.' I think.) I'm impressed you pronounced spinel correctly though. Most SU fans couldn't pronounce that correctly until her name was actually spoken out loud in the show. Before that most fans assumed it was pronounced "spinal."
Far as names are concerned: I have known in my life a Pearl, an Emerald, and a Ruby. Admittedly, though, "Ruby" was apparently short for "Rubinstein". And as it happens, by birth, I'm a topaz (November)
Can you figure out the meaning of Johann Gambolputty de von Ausfern-schplenden-schlitter-crasscrenbon-fried-digger-dingle-dangle-dongle-dungle-burstein-von-knacker-thrasher-apple-banger-horowitz-ticolensic-grander-knotty-spelltinkle-grandlich-grumblemeyer-spelterwasser-kurstlich-himbleeisen-bahnwagen-gutenabend-bitte-ein-nürnburger-bratwustle-gerspurten-mitzweimache-luber-hundsfut-gumberaber-shönendanker-kalbsfleisch-mittler-aucher von Hautkopft of Ulm’s name?
14:48 “we like naming people after pretty precious things” Sometimes I hate people but other times I like thinking about them in this Nacirema, Nat Geo wildlife documentary narrator way 😂
Probably not, it's a loanword from Sanskrit "saniypera", which as the video mentions, means "dear to Saturn", with "saniy" being Saturn. They probably got it from the phonecians since the name appears in the Exodus list. On that note the gemstone "smaragdos" may be a corruption of phonecian "barraqtu" meaning "luster, shine", which also appears in the Exodus list as "barreqet"...
It’s ironic how I am burning me and made birthstone is emerald emerald is supposed to symbolize half and wealthiness yeah I’m always sick all the time and I live just above the American poverty line I think they need to redo that trim on my month because I’m born in May and I am an emerald does it mean I have good health for Ralph I have neither my tombstone is not helping me that’s for sure
Cubic Zirconia, yes. It's the synthetic off-brand diamond for people who can't afford real diamonds. As a birthstone, it's merely a substitute for marketing purposes. Zircon, on the other hand, is an even more brilliant gemstone than Diamond that occurs in many different colors, but most beautiful imo as an aquamarine blue fireball of dazzling sparkle. They're all Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2), but for whatever reason, the naturally occurring Zircon is so much more awesome than it's Cubic Zirconia clone. I have seen Zircon in September on a few lists. Fun fact: Zircon hates Lead, but loves Uranium "Uranophyllic", so when formed it will take on pure Uranium inclusions that make the crystal bubbly shaped, and become more traditionally crystal shaped as the radiation decays. Sampling these inclusions was the origin of Uranium/Lead Radiometric Dating, as any Lead would only have come from radioactive decay after the crystal formed, and that is how we know those rocks were formed around 4.5 Billion years ago. Giving us the current estimate for the age of the Earth. Some meteorites date back as far as 4.7BYA which can be used to date the Solar System. Zircon is fun!
I heard diamonds got their name from Adamant, which is an indestructible (a synonym of invincible) dark-colored stone in Greek mythology. I've even heard that the titan Chronos had a pair of scythes that had blades made from Adamant, and the stone knife that Zeus used to cut his siblings from Chronos's stomach was also made of Adamant. I also heard that an old name for diamonds is Adamant. Although it is possible, that Adamas might have been mistranslated as Adamant, or the two words synonyms like how Invincible and Indestructible are synonyms today.
Corrundums come in many colors. "Sapphires" by definition are blue. Any other color aside from red "Rubies" are fancy or colored sapphires. Pardon the gemological nitpick, but it is an etymology channel lol.
I’m an American and have never heard the word “Peridot” pronounced in my life (or at least, what I remember). I assumed it was just pronounced with the T. Then again, I don’t really comply with all American pronunciations such as herb which I pronounce with the H.
There’s a whole running gag in the webcomic “Cucumber Quest” about a character called Peridot getting annoyed by people saying it “peri-doh” (or maybe I’m misremembering and it was the other way around..?)
