That's basically bulletproof glass though. Lots of tempered layers sandwiched with lots of plastic flexible layers. The reason the back cracked is just like the swinging balls physics contraption. The first ball is released swinging into the line of balls, the energy travels through all of them not moving them, once it get to the last ball the energy has nowhere to go but to get dumped into the last ball and cause it to go swinging.
The military has tank buster rounds that use the same idea. They hit the outside of the tank, they don't cause a lot of damage to the exterior, but the shockwave goes through the armor plating and causes shrapnel to break off on the inside of the tank, injuring the crew inside.
The broken phone was a physics representation of a newton's cradle, the force of the bullet was transferred to the screen protector and when cleanly in a straight line to the end where nothing was there to allow the kinetic energy to go so it tried to bounce back breaking the phone and some of the screen protectors at the end before going all the way back to the very front and going into the loose screen protectors sending them towards you like shrapnel
For you Texans, it's like hitting a long line of white claws with a baseball bat. The ones in front explode, the ones in the back go flying but the ones in the middle just kinda roll away unharmed.
It's also what causes spalling in tanks when a powerful enough explosive hits on the outside and causes the inner layers of metal to fragment and fly off into the inside of the tank and the reason why they use a spall liner now.
The weird shatterring at the end might be due to a standing wave forming. The incoming wave gets reflected and interfeers with itself forming peaks of high energy which shatters the glass in some areas and leaves some unaffected
I honestly think the strange shattering is due to the unequal tightness in the formation of the glass, Force transfers through solids but heats up oxegen particles when interacting with them, expanding the particles enough to crack the glass.
I think what we're seeing is the conservation of momentum. Even though the bullet was not able to go through the first relatively thin layer, all of the energy had to go somewhere. When hitting a target, the target will move back and because they're often made of steel and have a lot of mass, the inertia (amount of force it takes to move something) is greater. In the case of very thin laminated screens however, the force travels through the stack and can't dissipate the energy quick enough and it breaks. TLDR: The difference between the glass and a normal steel target, is that the steel is heavy and can absorb more energy. The glass on the other hand can't absorb the energy and release it fast enough so it shatters. The same thing goes for a metal target made from something brittle like iron. It's tough and can take a punch, but if it's met with too much force it too can shatter just like glass.
@@JRod0409 That would make sence if the 9mm also broke it, since the 9mm has more momentum than the .22 hornet, even though the hornet has more energy (speed wins in energy, mass has more effect on momentum). So its not the glass pushing back with momentum, its likely the shockwave caused by the extra energy of the hornet.
It looks like the 22 hornet delivered enough energy to create a pressure wave that bounced back and forth. Likely, the shattered ones are the node points where the reverberation back and forth in the stack created constructive interference. The pattern looked somewhat regular in distance like the nodes of a standing wave.
@rainier you ever seen how two different waves of water crash with each other on opposite sides? Well, that but on screen protectors. if you saw his video with the glass ball, it’s the same as well
Doubtful. Most likely is its like a Newton's Cradle. The screen protectors were not all connected, the bullet strikes the first section, transfers it's momentum through the next sections, exerts a large force on the last section. The last section then pushes outward and smacks the backstop (with the phone). The shattering was a result of the last section and phone smashing into the backstop, the from the bullet. If they put foam as backstop to catch it, it wouldn't have broken. Or if all the peices of glass were one single peice it also wouldn't have broken
Good work, gentlemen. One thing is certain, more data is definitely needed to be certain to any degree of confidence. Lock n load bois, it's smartphone season!
Essentially the force of the impact and the shockwave it created moved through the screen protectors. The reason it didn't break all of them and only some of them is because of the shock wave moving throw the glass at different wave lengths as it fluctuates down the path. Once it reached the end, all of the force was expelled into the grounding object. This actually happens inside of a rifle barrel to and it is what us Bench Rest shooters refer to as, "tuning a rifle." You set the seating depth/neck tension/charge weight of a bullet so that the bullet is exiting the barrel the same time the shockwave is reaching the end of the barrel or when the barrel is "flipping". Any shot you take causes the barrel to flip and flop, the goal is to make a load that exits as soon as the barrel flips. This allows for an extremely consistent cartridge and 1/2 MOA groups at 1000 yards ;)
@@taylorg9500 Yes the smaller point of impact pushes the shockwave differently.. Similar to how snow shoes work. Larger area distributes the weight or in this case energy and it dissipates much more quickly. Also I would guess there might have been a few pockets between some that could have contributed as well.
@@endking6832 It is not the shockwave - but it goes into a similar direction. The screen protectors are made of glass and a flexible plastic. The bullets are fast. If u slow it down with a highspeed-camera, u will see the following: -> in the moment a projectile hits with its front the surface of the first layer, the bullet bend it a little bit before penetrates it. In this process it looses a little bit of kinetic energy and speed. Then follows a layer of the glass - there it loose the next part of energy and so on. On every layer of elastic material its produces a little bulge and the bulge pushes all other layers backwards. U dont need a highspeed-camera to figure it out - u seen the pieces flying in the direction of the shooter :D Thats exact the function-principe of bullet proof glass. The only different to a bullet proof glass windows is, in the bullet proof glass there are layers of glass and plastic are bound together with a flexible glue. Modern tank armor works in a similar way; layers of flexible and non flexible materials are bound together and every layer absorb speed and kinetic energy in its own way and in summary stops the penetrator or deflect it.
not a physics professor, but I believe it's a similar reaction to when you shoot a glass ball. The shockwave distributes force on the opposite side as well.
I would hazard a guess (talking largely out my ass here) that the subsequent shatters occur where the shockwave interferes with itself, which would apply extra stress to the material. Maybe.
@@427Arbok so basically harmonics... like a singing lady breaking a glass with her voice. Two shockwaves pressing against eachother, causing stress in the material.
Its has to do with the shockwave. The front is soft, the middle becomes hard and the end is soft again. Same with the ball, the shockwave travels true the ball. In the middle of the ball/screenprotectors it cant move material, but on the other end of the object it can move material again.
It's the same physics behind high explosive shells and tank armor The shell explodes on the front and the shockwave it creates will travel through the armor and explode it on the other side,because it can't penetrate.
Theory: Remember the glass sphere how it shattered at the back? It's a similar thing. Think of a Newton's Cradle, you hit one end and it knocks the other end up but leaves the middle untouched. Instead of steel balls it's atoms but the same thing happens. The force gets to the end where there's nothing else to knock into so it's all released in the phone and last few screen protectors.
that is exactly what i was thinking, the only part i dont understand is that it wasnt consistent, some did crack along the way and stopped cracking, crack again, then stopped
I was thinking the same thing. I think the ones in between that got shattered where at some points where it was a bit looser stuck together: when compared with the Newton cradle, the spots between the balls in the middle.
That definitely passes the sniff test. Also, the Newton's cradle might be demonstrating both the glass ball vs bullet AND the screen protector vs bullet behaviors.
@@robwoodring9437 Different mechanisms. The sphere is about wave focus. A glass sphere focuses light, it'll also focus matter waves. In the middle, the energy is spread over a wider area, not enough to crack it at any location, but nearing the back, that area diminishes fast, and there's more energy per area, enough to crack it. This one's separate pieces impacting on each other. The table isn't perfectly straight, they weren't perfectly aligned to begin with, it created small gaps between blocks of better attached panels. The damage is where those blocks impacted the next block over the gap. ..or so I think.
just write numbers on them as you stack them. I have always said he needs a sharpie to write on things he shoots to know the order...SHARPIE COULD BE A SPONSOR
I think it’s having a similar affect on the screen protectors to when you shot glass and obsidian spheres. it would blow out the back from the shock wave of it being hit
Like sound, terminal ballistics causes a compressive wave that travels longitudinally through a medium and is reflected back on itself unlike traditional waves that travel perpendicular to the medium. I would think the areas that survived were nodes of destructive interference where reflected force negated initial impulse and areas that were destroyed were nodes of constructive interference where initial impulse was amplified by reflected force.
i think its all frequencies of vibration. glass handles thermal shock decently well, but tempered glass especially handles vibrations very poorly. it also extremely poorly handles PSI. it uses shapes to be strong, and flat panels are very weak. glass is also unpredictable because of its poor handling of vibration. certain glass especially heavy panels could snap if dropped wrong on even thick carpeted floor. it doesnt even need an object harder than it is to hit it.
That opening got me! I've seen guys stack up multiple milk crates like that & it rarely ends well, but when the other guy dragged them away, I was in stitches!
The way matt turned around and asked "are you ok camera man" and the camera just not saying a reply gave me intense "playing a silent Main character in videogames" vibes
I love your tests like this they incorporate some of my own ponderings about "just what will it take to protect my.....?." And the fact you even push all boundaries.... Phenomenal!!!! Love ya man!
The effect is called impedance mismatching, when sound (or other waves) move from a material with one speed of sound to another. Anyone else want to see a smarter everyday/demo ranch meet up? This would be a good topic.
I actually think the impedance mismatch could me worse because of the fact that the protectors were several glued together blocks leaned together, so the wave changes speed several times between the blocks. Atleast if I remember my university physics enough :D
I think it's more likely just newtons cradle. If it was harmonic waves, they would harmonize as the material is practically homogeneous, even if composite. Remember, glass is incredible vs sheer force and compression, and weak in plastic deformation. The front got freaking shot by a bullet, so yeah, it breaks. The center got compressed, but had the mass in the back to keep it from bending. The protectors in the rear could flex, and thus bend and break.
I'm a patient in long-term palliative care and I just want to say that your "will [such and such a thing] stop a bullet" videos make me happy on the hard days.
Matt it's the same physics principle from back on that glass ball. The applied force to the front traveled to the back as the force was distributed across the surface area, down the edges of the screens then culminating in the same point in the back where the phone was.
Also the reason why some screens cracked in the middle is because they werent as close to the other screens and as such didnt transfer the energy fully but absorbed some of it
@@JJT3001 your right on that part, I'd be willing to bet that those screens had some ever so slight gap that didn't allow the transfer of energy freely as others which is why it went broke, good, broke, good etc
Exactly. The panels that shattered the first time the wave of energy passed through could no longer conduct the energy in an effective way when the wave rebounded so that explains the gaps in breakage.
sounds right to me, if you look closely the shattered parts seem to be where there was a small gap in-between larger clumps of glass, making an impact.
Ya the energy had two go somewhere, it couldn’t go to the side (like a steel plate), and there was no cushioning (like kevlar, water or soft metal), and the phone was the end of the line for energy transfer.
I swear, Matt is the person your math teacher warned us is about... "If Matt bought X amount of milk crates, and someone tells Mere he bought a new gun. What would be the body count?"
You should do material testing with angled targets, to see how much angle it takes to start making a difference with a material of choice. I think you should theoretically be able to calculate the effects, but it's much more fun to just test and see. Just, uh, make sure the ricochets are pointing in the same direction.
You need to get Destin from Smarter Everyday down to the ranch, I'm sure he would love trying to find out and could get some awesome slow motion of the impact
@@colavfreak2 I guess he's mad that Destin is a proud seaman and got to go on an underwater boat, but had to censor mission critical things on the underwater boat?
@@colavfreak2 No, rather he defended the cancelers. His videos on social media/disinformation/foreign influence avoided pointing out that domestic government influence, and social media owner's attempts to mitigate outside influence, is not from some noble pursuit of truth but to control the narrative themselves. He described Reddit as 'a place to freely exchange information'...
The kinetic energy from the bullet was carried through the screens, when the screens were at their most rigid (front, middle and end) the force shattered the screens, the force was so great due to the bullet being so small and travelling so fast like pushing a pin through paper, so ultimately when the kinetic force reached the solid phone it was still strong enough to break it
So you think it has anything to do with the wave of energy going through the glass. I agree with you that it is definitely the most rigid spots that took the damage. But I think it might have something to do with how the energy wave went through the glass and the frequency might have something to do with why some are broken and some arnt. I think a better test would be to put tape around them and then shoot them so it is a constant of how rigid the glass is. But it still really cool!
@@Rattenomics I think it may happend because of small bubles of air. When there is a small space between protectors, they break because they hit each other. If they were perfectly together, without any spaces between, they did not break. Just my opinion
"shock wave" you nailed it buddy. The projectile stopped at say 10 protectors. The next few didn't vibrate or shake enough to crack. Then a couple more broke as the sound barrier caught up with the projectile and created additional force after impact. However, just because the projectile has stopped & the sound barrier returned to normal, it doesn't mean all the kinetic force stooped too. What you saw is very normal for hard hitting, fast and light rounds. They don't penetrate far but they "send" an intense shock wave a few inches past where the projectile stops. When talking about flexible glass, it means the "aftershock" can just contort the glass in the 30th to 50th screen protector... And contort it enough to shatter it. Its the same reason why You die from being hit by a high powered rifle WHILE wearing body armour. The BA may stop the round but there's still a lot of kinetic energy going a couple inches deep into your body and making your organs into MUSH
I think its due to the conservation of momentum like in a Newtons cradle. The energy of the bullet is carried straight through the middle screen protectors, leaving the end with the brunt of the force. The random broken screen protectors are probably because there were imperfections in how they were attatched/manifactured.
In a way I think you are right with the Newton's Cradle, but also there was the box that the smartphone was placed against. The box pushed against the phone creating the damage from the other side.
This is a little different than how the sphere worked. The sphere was based on the shockwaves converging after transfering around the sphere where this one seems like the frequency of the screen protectors was what caused the transfer of energy from the impact to the phone.
To explain the cracked screens in the back, look up a video of Newton’s cradle. Conservation of energy and momentum causes the force of the impact to transfer through the screens in the middle and dump the energy into the screens and phone in the back.
@@neer-do-wells5211 I know they did, this is why I thought having them on DemoRanch would be great, as the type of riddiculous ideas Matt has would great in slow motion
Matt, you should get Destin from "Smarter every day" to explain the physics behind the Shockwave effect breaking the rear screen protectors and not the ones in the middle. Also, high time to get Jerry Miculek on the channel and another appearance from Hickock 45. JP Sears lives in Texas now too, he would be fun to see shooting some guns.
This is kind of already answered, go watch Kentucky ballistics shoot a glass ball. Or maybe Matt did it ? Idk. But the shock ways travel “around” the glass and meet in the end.
There's few servicemen who feel it suitable to interact in the circles of Gun RU-vidrs. They're tough SOBs yea, but you can't kill that many men and still find guns fun to shoot recreationally. Its like suggesting that they do videos on airsoft games. It'd be like a physics professor teaching kindergarteners.
"If I had to guess, the back screens received the highest impulse against them as they bear the force of the bullet and front screens. The middle, untouched sections didn't receive the initial impact trauma and didn't have the push of that many objects against them", from Matt, my physic prof friend.
yeah, that what I'm guessing too, the random ones in the middle are probably broken because of the repeated impact from the different test, it created a bunch of microfractures and they eventually broke, the ones that survived are probably a lot weaker than if they were brand new.
Wouldn’t it also relate to how frustums and the way a bullet impacts. The bullet hits the first screen then the pressure of impact is pushed down the screen protectors in a frustum shape?
I also wonder if maybe the screen protectors that shattered in the middle, shattered due to small air pockets in between. Not having full surface contact leaves room for physics to do what physics does.
It would have been interesting to have a few hundred more, I bet there would be a regular distance between shattered and unshattered based on the frequency of the compression wave the bullet created. And the number of shattered in each group would be related to the amplitude of the wave. Essentially you set off a compression wave that travelled back and forth due to the heavy object in the back reflecting it causing constructive and destructive interference.
I remember myth busters did a test where they blew up 2 bombs and the myth was if you are in between both of them the shockwaves would cancel out and you wouldn't get hit, and they actually found out the waves doubled in amplitude. So wouldn't it have all turned to dust?
Matt FYI - there are two types of screen protector now: They are the standard, run-of-the-mill protectors that you shot and the new nano-screen protectors (Yall might know them as Liqiud Screen Protectors) which are way more expensive but are wayyy stronger. I recommend you try those out too.
Tempered glass can be extremely unpredictable. I would say it is a combination of energy transfer and harmonics that caused the odd cracking, a lot like the glass ball video you did.
@Phoenix 𝙾𝚙𝚎𝚗 𝙼𝚢 PROFILE Sounds feasible… How Ridiculous channel dropped some glass balls and they noticed similar results. And they’re Aussies! 🇦🇺🇦🇺🇦🇺
Hey Matt I recently saw a shotgun called a “MTs255” and I thought It looked beautiful. It’s a revolver shotgun and it would be really cool if you were able to test one out in a video. Maybe seeing how it compares to the other shotguns in your collection.
Lol I was wondering if he was joking or not?! I think he’s aware of the pendulum demonstration, where it displays how the force is transferred.. but i cant tell if he actually knows the reason for his phone being damaged or not?
@@platinumbrick6 Sorry man I wasnt tryna sound like an egotistical smart butt! I just thought everybody had the little toy with the 4 balls and strings. Which demonstrates the physics, I’m the least credible person to ask about explaining what i said before because i only know how to repeat shit so i sound smart but actually idk what im talking about🤣 but yeah ig my explanation would be how when you swing one ball on the string it hits the other three balls and the ball on the other side of the impact is the one that reacts to the force, so similar to that when you hit the screen protectors some of the screens may not have damage but the force still travels through, and the object at the far end in this case being his phone, ends up taking all the damage! Sorry for the tedious long ass tangent bullshit but I tried🤣🪵
Also Erick its funny that you mentioned resonance because i was just watching videos on sand on vibrating plates and it shows the different patterns sand develop through several different frequencies!
@@platinumbrick6 ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-uWChuDS-CbQ.html Thats what its called! I found it lmao its called Newtons cradle! Haha
The reason some are broken and some aren’t towards the end is because you’ve put these screen protectors under multiple stress tests, and the ones in the back started to have tiny stress fractures causing them to eventually fail.
MATT!! Its almost 2022, we gotta get a new set of cameras! 4k regular and alittle slow mo would tale this channel to the next level. I could imagine a Demo Ranch video in 4K with slomo ❤🇺🇸
@@ThePrimordialArchon that's why he need actually good cameras, an iPhone has a great camera. for a phone, but when it comes to real cameras, the iphone kinda sucks in comparison
@@jasonb2112 of course you wouldn't put the "phantom" in harms way. But no need for a super expensive phantom, there's a bunch of guntube channels on here that have slomo and they obviously have never got close to shooting a camera
I think you're experiencing a similar sort of effect as when you shot the glass and obsidian spheres. How it would shatter around impact, then shatter around the opposite end, but nothing else in between.
Ow that’s pretty easy to explain. Screen protectors are flexible, when they bend after the shot, they bend towards the shooter, then they bend in the opposite direction (catapulting some of the screens back at you) and on and on until they don’t have enough energy to continue the back and forwards bending and they stop (fractions of seconds). The wavy movement though allows the transmission of the power from the bullet even long after the bullet stops physically creating damages AND, it sends multiple (it’s improper) but let’s call them “shockwaves” down the line, every time that they bend towards the shooter… it’s like they give each other a butt. This and the fact that they are not properly stuck together creates the random damages pattern, being not glued within each other doesn’t allow them to act as a single solid piece, hence the shockwaves after the first compact one of the bullet are more random and of discontinuous forces.
Just think how many Gs you are putting on the back end of that stack of phone protectors. The screen protectors will flex which means that the energy all gets dumped into the lower half of the stack. The point of the bullet will never hit it but that doesn't mean that all that blunt force trauma didn't affect the phone. You effectively smashed all those screen protectors with a sledge hammer that was formally known as a bullet. Hit it enough times and anything will eventually pulverize.
I'm russian physics scientist, answering your cuestion in the end of the video. Glasses near the telephone are broken because of compression waves, you are lucky guy to make them withe a bullet and glasses. This waves was reflected by a phone and then gone towards. Two waves met in some points, where glass then was broken.
I work at one. Couldn't imagine 😅 also, these are the cheap Chinese protectors, we use premium from Japan that actually shatter and explode when they crack, they don't just crack like these, they may do better 🤔
It's been brought up, my understanding is that the slow mo guys don't want to get involved with RU-vid's shitty policy practices around gun channels, therefore no collaboration.
@@lukearts2954 I’m pretty sure he doesn’t have a better phantom. Have you seen TheSlowMo guys new phantom and wicked rig for slowmo shots that moves stupidly fast? That is a hell of a setup for slowmo and fast things. They’d be best.
The demo ranch Amazon order history must be a trip. Amazon rep: "this must me a mistake right? They didn't mean to order 1000 screen protectors.... Right?"
That effect is similar to something called spalling. Ive heard of it in tank warfare. If a large and fast round hits a tank it doesnt neccessarily have to go thru the tanks armor to harm the crew. It will eject material from the inner wall of the tank in grenade fasion and maim the crew. Like hitting a sheet of plastic with water droplets on it. The plastic is fine but the water goes flying
If it were spalling there would have to be material removed, I am pretty sure just about all the glass is still there in the shattered ones, just not in one piece.
Spalling is when a bullet or projectile hits a target and shoots fragments to the side. Why you need armor plates that have a thick coating. Cuz shrapnel to the face sucks.
@@oaktreeleatherworks You and the original comment are both technically correct. Spalling can happen any time an excessive mechanical stress or shock load is placed on a ridged or brittle object, resulting in the object shedding material. Spalling in relation to ridged armor plates was originally used to describe the effect of the armor shattering inside of a tank sometimes without the artillery round ever even passing through. It was later used to describe the effect of a bullet fragmenting off of an armored plate. Although this is often misused as spalling only refers to the material that was originally part of the armored plate and not the bullet fragments.
@@MrTylermphoto Thank you sir I always forget the name of this effect. Spalling is also the reason that concrete bunkers have additional mesh inside to catch materials that fragments of after experiencing the non penetrating hit from artillery.
Matt literally never disappoints. I salute the fact that you can consistently & continuously come up with new ideas & ways to entertain us in your vids. Appreciate all your hard work! 🙏
OK Matt, at 13 minutes inside this video, you were trying to figure out why what was going on when it came to the 22 hornet that shot all of the screen protectors and all the sudden the phone was broken as well? It’s because of the physics of the fact that the velocity of the bullet that hit the protectors honestly forced those protectors and hit the phone which made it shatter. The bullet never made it to the actual target but the amount of force involved with the ball itself at its speed was so fast it’s just no different then like a meteor hitting the earth or an astroid high speeds that was no bigger than a car that could create a much damage as an entire city. All that matters is the amount of force flowing through the bullet or object, and then when it hits something to slow down those other objects will also accelerate and can destroy the optic behind it it was supposed to protect. That’s why when it comes to making good body armor the best way to honestly look at making the best kind of body armor is making sure that whatever gets hit slows down the force as much as possible before that force basically with someone wearing a vest gets a bruised rib versus just a regular you know tap of the finger. It’s all about physics, the size of the material flowing through the air, and how fast it’s going. And believe it or not you could use the same kind of methodology when it comes to working out at the gym. Because it’s time over the amount of weight lifting and also how many reps there are. And if you change all of those variance and make it super efficient, you could lift 5 pounds of weight and be stronger than a person who lifts 400 pounds. And it’s all about how slow you lift the weight because it makes your muscles grow more. Just like a 22 hornet flying through the air, will hit an object and those other objects will also fly against something else that’s behind it will not necessarily protect it. What will happen is that the force of the bullet transfers to the plastic, and then the plastic hits the phone which actually makes the phone crack even though it was never hit by the bullet. And I would so love to spend my free time doing this but I don’t have a RU-vid channel I don’t have anything. I just know how certain things work in physics even though I have never been trained in anything in my life for some weird reason I just know how certain things work and then when I see it happen it’s like oh my God, is exactly what I thought? No no one has to believe me at all, I don’t really care. I just noticed things in reality that seem to be basically levelheaded and honestly make more sense then it goes from those other people who watch action movies that make no sense.
Hey you gonna learn something Jack! Lol I love Uncle Si because he looks just like my dad and and he talks like family. Hell I would hunt with Uncle Si.
