How Radio Waves Are Produced 

The music is better than the explanation.

The statement at 4:29 is wrong. The idea that radio waves are transmitted solely through the effects of the magnetic waves contradicts itself. When the alternating current acting on the antenna causes the electrons to oscillate, it creates waves in the magnetic field as well as the electric field. As you know, the magnetic field that the electrons in an antenna generate does not significantly effect other electrons outside of the antenna. The only cause of the energy being put into the electrons in the antenna to reach electrons of another antenna is for the waves transmitted to sustain themselves by perpetually oscillating between electric and magnetic fields, therefore being called an electromagnetic wave. This effect of oscillating between electric and magnetic fields is the driving force of the photon, which has an enormous speed only because the effects of the electromagnetic field travel at an enormous speed. It's still the same wave (same amplitude and frequency) however it is special because it's only medium is not simply the magnetic field but the electric also and that fact is why radio waves can travel on indefinitely through space and proof of this is that we can receive radio waves from stars which have electrons oscillating at frequencies akin to that of radio waves.

The most understandable video I have found on YT about how a transmitter works, thank you a lot.

It feel as if I am watching Tom and Jerry 😁

The idea of propagation is this: 1) the AC radio wave starts as electric charge that runs up and down the antenna at a very high rate -- say, 810 Khz (that's an AM radio frequency band, by the way) -- that is the output of the radio transmitter 2) the alternating current on the antenna produces a magnetic field at a 90 degree (orthogonal) direction from the AC radio wave 3) THE PUNCHLINE -- the electric current produced the 90 degree offset magnetic field, right? RIGHT. Well, that magnetic field in turn induces the next 'link in the chain' by creating a new AC current wave just like the original one that first came off the antenn 4) that produces the next link in the chaing -- a new 90 degree offset magnetic field 5) rinse and repeat What we're talking about is a "chain" of AC current => creates a magnetic field at 90 degrees => induces another AC current wave => another magnetic field => rinse and repeat. That 'chain' stretches from the radio transmitter output antenna to the receiver antenna. HERE'S WHAT THEY *DON'T* TELL YOU. Originally, that very first AC current (moving electrical charge) on the antenna came from a moving charge of electrons in the transmitter's output antenna. Fine. Okay but where do the electrons come from for the 2nd (induced) AC current, the one that was induced in space by the very first magnetic field at 90 degrees offset? In fact, since we have a 'self-propagating' wave of AC current => magnetic field => AC current => magnetic field => etc. -- JUST WHERE ARE ANY OF THESE ELECTRONS for the AC current wave in each link of the 'chain' come from? "Yeah, that's right. I thought space was empty. How is the AC electric field instantiated at each step along the way? ARE THERE A BUNCH OF FREE ELECTRONS IN OUTER SPACE?" Sort of, yeah. The zero point energy, the "fluctuations of the quantum vacuum" in the jargon, pop up short-lived 'virtual' electrons everywhere in space. RADIO WAVES propagate by POLARIZING THE ZERO POINT FIELD. Those electrons have to come from somewhere. . . .

I'm pretty sure an oscillating magnetic field normal to an oscillating electric field is referred to as an electromagnetic wave

The oscillating magnetic field creates an oscillating electric field perpendicular to itself, hence together they are an electromagnetic wave. You really can't have one without the other.

The cutest oscillation I have ever seen...

A lot of that went well over my head along with the oscillating radiowaves

ONE OF THE HELPFUL VEDEO WHEN I WAS AT COLLEGE

Really good and informative, Thankyou!!

Actually after watching this video, I can succesfully build a radio transmitter using relay

This is the simplest and detailed explanation of waves ...thanks a tonne

This is really really Brilliant, i hope you get as many subscribers as you want... Keep it up😁

Simple and understandable! Thank you very much

I learned more about building an radio transmitter circuit from this short video than every other video I've watched in my search. It made more sense this way, AND I got to enjoy some good music at the same time.

Couldn't have been explained better. 5 Mins of this video covered hours of search that wasn't as useful at all. Thanks alot.

I was impressed with the video, and the amazing comments that people made about it.

Oh man! Very good! Especially in 4:30, very enlightening! Many students and engineers err when think who the current causes the eletromagnetic waves, anon.

When the lc circuit is fine tuned and the oscillation is transferred to the antenna ,the antenna produces long range (far reaching) oscillating magnetic lines

Outstandingly clear and concise explanation. Full marks for this presenter, who exhibits sound and understandable teaching techniques. Had I such teachers, when I was at technical college, I would have learnt more, in a shorter time. Explaining *concepts* to students is the hardest thing to do. This presenter does it brilliantly. I learnt about electromagnetic propagation 50 years ago - but the lectures were confusing and inefficient. Good teachers are the most valuable asset a society possesses.

Wonderful explanation !!! Best I have ever seen !!!

that was cooolest stuff ever! thank you Sir Joseph

can you describe how oscillating transmitt from antenna in detail please ??

Thank you. Helped me!

nice passion to make this video but the the ending is wrong because a radio wave itself is an EM wave and an oscillating magnetic wave will always lead to an accompanying Electric wave with a phase difference since they will alternate between each other to produce an electromagnetic wave.

nice simulation video...! easy to understand. thank u....

going into my favs just for the music

thanks a lot your wideos have changed and very deeply clearifed my mind

I love how piano taught me all this :)

thanks for the upload friend

4:36 this is false, changing magnetic fields produce an electric field aswell as changing electric fields produce magnetic fields. It's an electromagnetic wave because of Maxwell's equations which show that waves are a possible solution to his equations.

Thanks ! I had understood very easily . To do this , I give you a big thanks 😊.

The more i look in to this the more i wonder how we ever came to harness this magical process. Must be divine guidence,

thank you very much sir..great job

Hi, care to explain the last sentence? So oscillating magnetic field is received by the antenna, and the antenna emits em wave? How does that happen?

The gentleman that said the music was better than the explanation forgot residence that's sad if you would have looked too much places I had as a box he was in he would have found it and enjoyed the music understanding a magnet or spring can oscillate and we oscillate over and over it is what you attach to it is what works.:-)

Great song to pair with the body!

good video, thanks!!!

There are a lot of misconceptions here, so let us try to pick up the pieces and form some good engineering. When the terminals of a battery are connected with two length of wires to say a resistor we know that there is a LOOP formed and because there is the battery voltage distributed along the wire and the resistor we call this AN ELECTRIC LOOP. In the conductor,electric current will flow and as soon as this current flows in the electric loop, then a MAGNETIC LOOP will curl around the ELECTRIC LOOP. In fact these are like two wedding rings inserted in one another at right angles to each other. One may use the thumb and first finger on one hand to form a loop and call it the electric loop and then with the other hand again using the first finger and the thumb to form a second loop and open up one loop, link it with the first loop and close it again . So now the two loops formed with the fingers on the two hands are curling with each other. This is the electric molecule which if anything is to work then these loops must always be together linked in each other at right angles as the wedding rings we described. Now the loops could be stationary and still curling with each other. That is the case when we use the Battery to form the ELECTRIC LOOP. The current in this electric loop will form the current flow and the current flow will form the MAGNETIC LOOP at right angle 90 degrees with the ELECTRIC loop. Now if we had to change the DC battery to an AC oscillating voltage supply and do what we did before, the ELECTRIC loop will now oscillate in that the voltage along the loop will reverse periodically while the current in it does the same so the MAGNETIC LOOP curling the electric loop will also oscillate. Now we have two wedding rings at right angles with each other and oscillating with each other but with a slight delay in their timing. The ELECTRIC loop may be looked upon as a store for potential energy while the MAGNETIC loop linking it will be looked upon as a memory for kinetic energy. We all know what happens in a pendulum where the height stores Potential energy while the velocity of the pendulum stores the kinetic energy, the pendulum will oscillate. And exactly the same process is occurring in the two linked loops in our electrical circuit. One may look upon both loops as rotating with respect to their circumference, so while one loop rotates the other slows down and when the rotating loop slows down the other starts rotating . You may try this with the two linked loops formed by the fingers in the hands. Let us replace the resistor with a rod antenna . So what we have now is an oscillator with two wires, one wire is connected to ground and the other connected to the antenna. Notice that we still have an electric loop formed by the oscillator, the two wires and the gap between the antenna and the ground . When the oscillator is switched on, the voltage of the oscillator will flow to the antenna and the ground. But this voltage will now form a pressure field or and electric field due to the voltage and this pressure field will be felt in between the gap/ between the antenna and ground. If the voltage oscillates then the electric field in between the gap of the antenna and ground also oscillates and this rate of change of voltage in the gap will give rise to a special current called displacement current because it is passing through a gap and not through a copper conductor. So even if we have a gap between the antenna and ground we still have a special type of electric current going through the gap. So the ELECTRIC loop is stilla continuous loop and this loop formed by the oscillator, the wires and the antenna and ground will form an oscillating current which as before will give rise to a MAGNETIC LOOP, again at right angles to the electric loop as we had before, but now the two loops are oscillating with each other. If the ELECTRIC LOOP had a high magnitude the other MAGNETIC LOOP has low magnitude and when the ELECTRIC loop collapses the MAGNETIC loop increases. This is the ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS we speak about in antennas. THEY ARE TWO LOOPS, ONE IS ELECTRIC AND ONE IS MAGNETIC ALWAYS CURLING EACH OTHER but oscillating with each other just like a special pendulum. Let us use a mechanical analogy to proceed to explain the radiation process from the antenna. If we put a pail of water on a long vertical rod, well nothing will happen, if we do not move it. But now, let us oscillate it to and fro and see what happens,The water in the bucket will sway slowly at first but if we increase THE FREQUENCY the water in the bucket, the water will be given an acceleration by the oscillations and the water will jump over the edge and it will radiate and the water will drop to the ground to proceed to form a LOOP WITH THE GROUND. ( note if we had to rotate the pole rather than oscillate it to and fro, the water will radiate through the whole rotation still with the water dropping to the ground forming a loop, if we consider the bucket of water to be the voltage on the antenna connected to the oscillator and not the ground connection. So the ELECTRICAL loop will pass a current through it and this will then create THE MAGNETIC LOOP CURLING THE GAP BETWEEN THE ANTENNA AND GROUND. So if we consider a vertical whip antenna we have part of the electric loop commencing at the antenna height and dropping vertically in a curved trajectory to the ground like the water dropping from the oscillating pail and around the gap circling the antenna WE WOULD HAVE THE MAGNETIC LOOP curling the gap. Now we will not speak about current andymore but an ELECTRIC LOOP and a MAGNETIC loop curling with it. Let me take you to power stations where the AC voltage is fed to the PRIMARY LOOP of a transformer. The Voltage in the PRIMARY of a transformer will pass a current through it and a MAGNETIC LOOP in the steel path will form.These links are exactly the same as the ELECTRIC LOOP linking the MAGNETIC LOOP we had at the antenna circuit. Now the MAGNETIC LOOP in a transformer is linked to a SECONDARY loop to form a mutual coupling with the primary loop and so we get a secondary voltage in the secondary ELECTRIC LOOP of the transformer. Now if we had to apply the voltage in the SECONDARY LOOP in the first transformer to the PRIMARY LOOP of a second transformer then the Voltage and current would create a MAGNETIC loop in the second transformer and this second magnetic loop in the second transformer will link the SECONDARY LOOP of the second transformer to produce a LOOP of electric field and if we proceed to apply this voltage to a third and fourth and many transformers we can proceed to link electric, magnetic, electric, magnetic electric magnetic loops all the way miles and miles away to a consumer. I am using the letter E for Electric LOOP and M for a magnetic loop, so if we link a transformer from an AC power supply, this is the link of LOOPS we are creating to transmit electrical power to the consumer starting from the Voltage at the power station:- E-M-E- E-M-E- E-M-E- E-M-E- E-M-E- E-M-E- E-M-E- and if the last electric field is applied to a resistor or better still a tuned LC ( inductance.capacitor) tuned circuit, this last Electric loop will excite the appliance at the consumer/ receiver end residing many many miles away . And we did all this through a series of ELECTRIC loops creating MAGNETIC loops at right angles, then the MAGNETIC loops is made to link another ELECTRIC LOOPs and this repeated oscillation in many connected conventional transformers with primary and secondary copper coiled E LOOPs and the LOOPS of MAGNETIC iron paths are in fact what happens starting at the antenna end. THE WHIP ANTENNA RADIATES LOOPS OF ELECTRIC FIELD WHICH WILL PROCEED TO CREATE OTHER LOOPS BY INDUCTION and if the antenna is a LOOP antenna it will first radiate LOOPS Of MAGNETIC FIELDS which will proceed to excite and induce ELECTRIC LOOP fields, repeating the pattern at the wavelength of the oscillating power supply. What is arriving at the receivers are loops of electric field accompanied by LINKED loops of magnetic fields. If the person far away had to erect a vertical whip antenna this will be excited by the vertical parts of the ELECTRIC LOOPS and if he had to erect a LOOP antenna, this will be excited by the LOOPS OF MAGNETIC FIELD COMING TOWARDS IT. Basically that is it. What happens in links of the EMEMEM loops of linked power transformers happens in space between the transmitting and receiving antenna. Please think of linked oscillating LOOPs and not wavemotion . ELECTRIC and MAGNETIC oscillating LOOPS creating one another as they move out of the antenna location. Do not and NEVER think of an electromagnetic wave as anything else but oscillating loops, where the basic pair as just like two wedding rings linking each other,curling each other. Really with these two ring concept one can create the most beautiful crystalline structure if many pairs are used, each pair or more than one pair is inserted in one loop to go in a three dimensional radiating pattern, just like a solid crystal. So think of linked and curled wedding rings and you would have mastered all electromagnetic appliances including washing machines, motors, generators, solar panels computers, memories processors, and all the radio TV transmissions, all due to a pair of loops curling with each other and creating other pairs. THIS IS NOT DIFFERENT WHERE THE WEDDING RINGS ARE REPLACED WITH A MAN AND A WOMAN CURLING EACH OTHER AND PRODUCING MALE OR FEMALE CHILDREN AND THESE CHILDREN CURL WITH THEIR COUNTERPARTS TO PRODUCE OTHER CHILDREN WHO WILL WED AND CURL WITH OTHER COUNTERPART CHILDREN AND THE POPULATION WILL GROW TO COVER THE EARTH AND EVEN GO INTO SPACE. This philosophy of wedding rings producing loops which create other wedding rings for children etc is very significant in antennas work.

I am so EXCITED Now ... Because That is exactly what I am talking for few decades..that Radio waves is an oscillating Magnetic wave ... Simply as it creates deformation of omnipresent natural magnetic field ... Like waves in the calm pond's water. ..anyway .... .this is so amazing ... That you came to the same condition. ... ...

A lot can be transmitted through waves, including texts and messages.

we need to define wave and field to clarify this thanks for video

Good presentation

This is wrong. An electron does NOT have a standing magnetic field. Radio waves are both an oscillating electric and magnetic field, not just a magnetic field.

the coil's magnet polarity is opposite!!

One of the most useful video

YOU CLEARED MY DOUBT THANK YOU

Nice explained 👍🏻

I have one question though, at the end you mention that the electric current creates magnetic field and not electromagnetic waves. So in that case what is the difference. In my understanding magnetic fields produced by electric currents are electromagnetic.

thank you man ...

great tune, good explaination 😁👍🇬🇧

excelente Radio Wave cada dia melhor

The frequency of resonant circuit should be very high, in order to produce radio waves.

indeed a very good demonstration...

ESTE VIDEO É MUITO IMPORTANTE EXPLICA MUITO BEM, COMO FUNCIONA O RÁDIO, TANTO A TRANSMISSÃO QUANTO AO RECEPTOR MUITO BOM

Bro thank you for making such a wonderful video bro ,....I will never your channel in future bro .....and I can't say anything bro just I love you bro ...saluting you bro,,,,you have such a great knowledge. Thank yoi

Very good. Thanks 👍

Eine kleine Nachtmusik (Serenade No. 13 for strings in G major) Awesomeness..!!

Would this make smoke-rings? Saw that last night on a weather radar.

👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏 Thank you!

A good explanation but I'm still wondering why electrons need to move perpendicular to the magnetic field or whatever.

Another one who won't talk. It's supposed to be a scientific instructional video, so dispense with the music and explain it to us!! Did your school physics teacher have Mozart playing while he was trying to teach electromagnetics?? A spoken explanation would be far more effective than pages of animated text that we have to keep pausing and/or rewinding.

All planets produce there own radio wave frequency.

thanks a lot was really useful ..

Its helpful

Photons make electromagnetic waves - including radiowaves. So are you saying that the produced electromagnetic oscillating field of the LC circuit is actually produced by electrons emitting photons?

the fm radio wave converted at the inductor coil as frequency current ac wave

VERY NICE THEORY VIDEO

Nice explanation...

Good explanation

Radio waves are just very large low frequency photons the same as visible light, microwaves, etc...They have a duality about them being both particle or wave (electromagnetic) depending on how you measure them. Not until we have a unified theory will we be able to fully understand them.

thank you great explanations

Hi, thanks you for your clear explanation. A question: can a dipole receive and transmit at the same time? I am confused because if it’s radiating the transmitted signal how could it also receive the current induced by the received? Many thanks

Agree for near field. But there are no electrons in space/vacuum

Thanks George . I have a question you said magnetic oscillation is not micro wave . what is it then.

The music make this explanation much interesting.

now i know, thanks for the tips... its useful to me because i made some Fm Bug transmitter by Dazaro

Yes there is an electric field, it drives the electrons, the magnetic field is caused by oscillating electrons, which oscillate due to the change in voltage in the wire/coil/etc (You can see a coil as a lot of wires next to each other, strengthening the effect of one another.).

Good job.

the secondary side actually receives an induced voltage not necessarily current. if the secondary coil is in an open position there will be no current however an induced voltage can still be measured.

Why isn't there a primary coil at the tip of an antenna (in a receiver) and a secondary coil (that surround the primary) that feeds the base of the first transistor? That way, the secondary coil of the "antenna transformer" would send a higher voltage to the transistor. Also, why doesn't the antenna have a tuned resonance (LC) circuit, to select the received frequencies more accurately? Is there any need for a Darlington pair of transistors? Couldn't the transistor gain increase be done by transformers instead?

Thanks for the video. I think the circuit is AM rather than FM.

Nice video

U should have used ""changing"" electic and magnetic flux instead of oscillating fluxes

Why is LC circuit in series used for Osscillation btw?

You seem to imply that a radio wave is just an alternating magnetic field. This is wrong. It has an equally important electric field. An alternating magnetic field is an induction field .

Thanks for the video. I assume without the value of the inductance of the L1 coil (henrys) one cannot calculate the frequency of the LC oscillator and subsequently the one of the transmitted radio waves. Can you please indicate the value of L1?

GREAT VIDEO

Very loud music, brief explanation is better

I'm pretty sure that radio waves are made by butterflies flapping their wings and dolphins dancing in the sea. It's all quite magical.

I'm confused, I thought that the whole point of the radio antenna was to produce radio electromagnetic waves. Thus transferring information via EM waves. At the end it was saying that the oscillating electric current produced an oscillating magnetic field. Could someone try to clarify that to me

really good illustaration.

Mr Ross is a good composer. The piece ends a little abruptly though.

I believe that Maxwell-Faraday equation answers your question.

From my understanding, this is due to the electric field and magnetic field aiding each other. By this we recall that an oscillating electric field produces a changing magnetic field. Likewise, a changing magnetic field produces a changing electric field. As the oscillating electric field from the wire is input to the antenna, an oscillating magnetic field in the space around the wire is generated. This oscillating magnetic field then produces an oscillating electric field, and so on

In transmitter circuit induct or L1 value is missing and in receiver circuit capacitor c vale is missing

Nice tune..!

Thank you..no one explains this..how is the alternate field(space where force is present) getting converted into a wave that can travel?

Is this possible to create a rf transmitter to transmit rf waves in one direction.if possible suggest some idea.i bought 433mhz rf transmitter and receiver but it is transmiiting in all direction.is this possible change this module to transmit in one direction.